Enterprise annuity is a supplementary old-age insurance system, which refers to the supplementary old-age insurance system independently established by enterprises and their employees on the basis of participating in the basic old-age insurance according to law. The following is what I have compiled for you: the proportion of enterprise annuity payment is 1:4, which is for reference only and I hope it will help you!
Is the contribution ratio of enterprise annuity 1:4?
The enterprise annuity fund consists of the following items:
(1) Payment by enterprises;
(2) Individual contributions of employees;
(3) Income from investment and operation of enterprise annuity funds.
Fifteenth the annual payment of an enterprise shall not exceed 8% of the total wages of its employees. The total contributions of enterprises and employees shall not exceed 12% of the total wages of employees of the enterprise. The specific expenses shall be determined through consultation between the enterprise and the employees.
Individual contributions of employees shall be withheld and remitted by enterprises from individual wages of employees.
Sixteenth after the implementation of enterprise annuity, if the enterprise encounters operating losses, reorganization and merger, etc. , and can not continue to pay in the current period, can stop paying after consultation with employees. After the situation that payment cannot be continued disappears, enterprises and employees can resume payment, and when payment is suspended, they can pay back according to the actual situation of the enterprise and the enterprise annuity plan. The period and amount of overdue payment shall not exceed the period and amount of actual suspension of payment.
Does the enterprise annuity need to pay personal income tax?
Enterprise annuity is also a part of employee welfare, which is equivalent to the supplementary pension insurance for employees. When paying personal income tax again, the annuity will not be deducted. That is, according to how many regions find the corresponding tax rate and quick deduction.
1, enterprises and institutions (hereinafter collectively referred to as units) will temporarily not pay part of the personal income tax paid by enterprises or occupational annuities (hereinafter collectively referred to as annuities) to all employees working or employed in their own units in accordance with the methods and standards stipulated by relevant state policies.
2. The part of the annuity paid by an individual according to the relevant national policies does not exceed the standard of 4% of the taxable base of the salary paid, and is temporarily deducted from the taxable income of the individual in the current period.
How much is the enterprise annuity to retirement?
Calculation formula of enterprise annuity: enterprise annuity = (individual contribution+enterprise contribution) x payment period.
Suppose that an employee's total salary last year was 72,000 yuan, and now he withdraws 100 yuan from his salary and deposits it in his personal enterprise annuity account, and the enterprise deposits it in 300 yuan for him (the payment ratio is 1:3). If the annual income and salary increase are excluded, this employee will retire after 30 years and get 100 (yuan) x 12 (month) x30 (yuan) x 12 (month) x30 (year) = 10 at one time.
In fact, the enterprise annuity is extracted according to the proportion of the average salary of the previous year. As the salary increases with the length of service and level of employees every year, the annuity deposit will also increase; In addition, enterprise annuities are managed by market in the form of trust. Investment managers will design annuity investment schemes for enterprises according to their characteristics, such as stable income bond annuity products. This will undoubtedly make the employee's enterprise annuity increase year by year.
The important role of enterprise annuity
Some people think that enterprise annuity is a kind of welfare of enterprises. In fact, there are essential differences between enterprise annuity and enterprise welfare. Welfare is current consumption, enterprise annuity is future consumption, and the consumption right of enterprise annuity occurs after retirement; Welfare embodies fairness and enterprise annuity embodies efficiency; Generally speaking, the welfare items of enterprises are directly related to the material conditions such as living needs, and have nothing to do with people's status and level. Welfare standards are not aimed at people, but at enterprise annuities, focusing on efficiency, economic benefits of enterprises and personal contributions, which can lead to different levels of enterprise annuities. Welfare belongs to the category of redistribution, and enterprise annuity still belongs to the category of initial distribution. Therefore, enterprise annuity is a good welfare plan, which not only improves the welfare of employees, but also provides an effective management tool for enterprises to solve welfare problems, and really plays a role in increasing the cohesion and attractiveness of enterprises.
(A) the establishment of enterprise annuity system is conducive to establishing a good corporate image and attracting and retaining outstanding talents. With the development of socialist market economy and the arrival of knowledge economy, more and more enterprises realize that the competition between enterprises is, in the final analysis, the competition between people. However, with the deepening of the reform of labor and personnel system, the talent flow mechanism has gradually formed, enterprises have the right to choose talents, and individuals have the freedom to choose jobs. The rational flow of talents has become the trend of the times. Therefore, establishing a good employee welfare security system in enterprises and units, fully solving the problems of medical care, pension, work injury and death compensation for employees, is conducive to the implementation of human resource management system, establishing a good corporate image, increasing market competitiveness, and thus attracting outstanding talents to join. At the same time, it effectively protects the interests of employees, stabilizes the existing employees, enhances the cohesion of enterprises, mobilizes the enthusiasm of employees, and has a positive role in promoting the economic benefits of enterprises.
(2) Enterprises design different annuity plans according to employees' contributions, which is conducive to forming a fair and reasonable distribution system and giving full play to employees' potential. According to expectation theory, employees will be motivated to make more efforts when they think that hard work will bring good performance evaluation. When designing an annuity plan, enterprises can make full use of the flexible characteristics of annuity insurance, break the traditional "egalitarianism" principle of salary and benefits, and provide different protection plans for employees with different seniority, different ranks, different positions and different contributions. For employees with long service, high rank, high technical content and great contribution, the amount of protection is higher and the protection plan is more comprehensive. However, employees with short service, low rank, low technical content and small contribution have low coverage and single protection plan. The establishment of differentiated enterprise annuity system can form an incentive atmosphere within the unit, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of employees, give full play to their maximum potential and make more contributions to the development of enterprises.
(3) Through the setting of "ownership of rights and interests" in the annuity plan, we can use welfare deposit to retain talents and realize effective incentives. Many enterprises make some provisions in the form of options to retain talents and make long-term plans while realizing incentives with high salary and welfare system. In the plan of enterprise annuity, the ownership scheme of rights and interests is set, and the corresponding annuity rights and interests can only be obtained after a certain number of years of service. Compared with the bonuses and benefits that can be cashed immediately, the enterprise annuity has achieved good results similar to the option even if it encourages employees, and the operation is much simpler and more convenient than the option. At the same time, the ownership of rights and interests will be well connected with the deferred income tax policy that the country may introduce in the future.
(4) Establish enterprise annuity system, and at the same time, make use of relevant national tax policies to save taxes reasonably for enterprises and individuals. Enterprise annuity can be divided into two stages to discuss how to increase enterprise welfare through tax avoidance.
The first stage is the payment and appreciation period. Assume that enterprises can make full use of national fiscal and taxation policies by purchasing annuity insurance without paying enterprise income tax; Compared with other investment forms undertaken by enterprises, under the assumption of the same investment return rate, because insurance is calculated according to compound interest, only relevant taxes are deducted in the end, while other investments deduct corresponding income taxes every year, and annuity insurance will get more benefits than other investment forms.
Guoshuihan [2009] No.694 reiterated the tax policy in enterprise annuity payment, and defined the new tax collection method. This article stipulates that individual contributions shall not be deducted when calculating personal income tax from personal monthly wages and salaries, and enterprise contributions included in personal accounts (hereinafter referred to as enterprise contributions) shall be regarded as one month's wages and salaries respectively with personal monthly wages and salaries, and the taxable amount shall not be deducted.
The urban workers' old-age insurance system being perfected in China consists of three parts: basic old-age insurance, enterprise annuity and personal savings old-age insurance. Enterprise annuity is called the "second pillar", which is an important part of the "three pillars" of the old-age insurance system for urban employees and plays an irreplaceable role in enterprise management. Therefore, in 2004, the Ministry of Labor and Social Security issued "Trial Measures for Enterprise Annuity" and "Trial Measures for Enterprise Annuity Fund Management" successively, which indicated that China's enterprise annuity system was moving towards standardized operation, and more and more enterprises embarked on the road of annuity system, which will surely play a decisive role in modern enterprises and even the whole society.
(5) Promote the reform of the old-age security system and improve the security system.
The effective implementation of the old-age insurance system depends on the long-term and stable structural relationship between the payer and the beneficiary. But the reality is that the global population is aging faster, and the contradiction between supply and demand of pensions in various countries is becoming more and more acute. It is passive and has great limitations to increase the proportion of contributions or extend the retirement age. The first pillar of endowment insurance has a serious funding gap and payment pressure. In addition, the single-pillar old-age security system has the disadvantages of too centralized responsibility and too simplified system, which increases the difficulty of formulating and adjusting the old-age security policy and is not conducive to achieving social equity.
The establishment of enterprise annuity helps to overcome the above disadvantages, and makes the pension system not only unified and universal, but also flexible and adaptable. In this way, the difficulty of formulating and adjusting the old-age security policy is reduced, which is conducive to the deepening of the reform of the old-age security system.
(six) improve the modern enterprise system, improve the core competitiveness of enterprises.
The establishment of enterprise annuity system is beneficial to the establishment of modern enterprise system and the improvement of human resource management. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, human needs are divided into physiological needs, security needs, social needs, personal dignity and self-realization from low to high. On the one hand, enterprise annuity can provide considerable retirement income, guarantee the quality of life of employees after retirement, enhance their sense of security and belonging, and meet their security needs. On the other hand, the enterprise annuity plan will determine different payment amounts according to employees' abilities, qualifications or contributions, and determine the ownership ratio as required, so that the value of employees can be reflected, which can improve employees' sense of honor and accomplishment and meet their personal dignity needs. Therefore, enterprise annuity plays an important role in enterprise strategic management and is an important means to improve the company's core competitiveness.
To sum up, enterprise annuity is not a pure pension financing tool. For enterprises that have established plans, under the framework of China's existing social security and tax system, their advantages in reducing enterprise costs and motivating employees are still good market tools for enterprises to improve their competitiveness and realize the optimal allocation of human resources.
Enterprise annuity function
Enterprise annuity is not only an important supplementary form of retirement security for employees, but also an important means for enterprises to mobilize the enthusiasm of employees, attract high-quality talents, stabilize the workforce, and enhance the competitiveness and cohesion of enterprises. Its main functions and functions can be summarized in at least three aspects:
distributed function
Enterprise annuity has the nature of primary distribution and redistribution of national income. Therefore, the supplementary pension plan in the form of enterprise annuity is regarded as a deferred payment for the distribution of wages and income of employees.
Incentive function
The enterprise annuity plan pays the employee annuity personal account according to the profits of the enterprise and the performance of the employees. It is also an active and effective means for enterprises to attract high-quality talents, stabilize the workforce, protect employees' interests, give full play to employees' enthusiasm and creativity, and improve employees' sense of pride and responsibility in serving enterprises, thus enhancing enterprise cohesion and market competitiveness and obtaining maximum economic benefits.
Safeguard function
The establishment of enterprise annuity can improve the pension treatment level of employees after retirement to a certain extent, solve the problem of large income gap before and after retirement caused by the declining replacement rate of basic pension year by year, make up for the shortage of basic pension protection level, meet the objective demand of retirees to enjoy a higher quality of life, and play its supplementary and guarantee role.
Enterprise annuity risk management
As far as China's present situation is concerned, the enterprise annuity system is not mature and perfect, and the public's attention to enterprise annuity is not enough. The absence of some policies and regulations hinders enterprises and employees from actively developing and participating in enterprise annuity, and the marketization of enterprise annuity investment management is not high. Among them, the risk identification and management of enterprise annuity is an important topic we study. It is very necessary to introduce risk management technology into the management of enterprise annuity.
Risk identification
There are many risks in the operation of enterprise annuity, mainly credit risk and investment risk. Credit risk refers to the risk that the trustee, custodian, investment manager or account manager of enterprise annuity defaults and causes direct or indirect losses to the beneficiaries. Credit risk is rooted in the governance structure of enterprise annuity.
In this "trust-entrustment" relationship chain, the credit risk of trustees, account managers, custodians and investment managers will directly affect the success or failure of an enterprise annuity plan, so credit risk is the first risk to be considered in enterprise annuity risk management. The final form of credit risk is default.
Investment risk refers to the uncertainty of future income caused by the fluctuation of the whole market or individual securities when investing in enterprise annuity funds, especially the possibility that the investment income is lower than the target value or even losses occur. Investment management is an extremely important link in the operation of enterprise annuity. Once the investment fails, it will directly affect the economic interests of the beneficiaries and even lead to the failure of the entire annuity plan. Moreover, investment risk is linked to the credit risk of investors, and investment failure will lead to credit risk to a great extent.
management strategy
The risk management of enterprise annuity is a long and complicated process. In this process, the institutional arrangements related to risk management and the operational efficiency of these systems are the key to affect the effect of risk management.
1, credit risk management. The government should establish strict access and exit systems for trustees, account managers, investment managers and custodians. Enterprise annuity regulatory agencies should formulate comprehensive and detailed rules, strictly examine the capital scale, governance structure, personnel quality, credit level and operating performance of the applicant institutions, exclude unqualified applicants, and prevent the occurrence of credit risks from the source. For institutions that violate the rules in their operations, they should resolutely ban their relevant qualifications and give severe punishment. In order to fundamentally avoid the phenomenon that some illegal institutions and personnel work in different places, the regulatory authorities should gradually establish an enterprise annuity employee credit file information system, and network with the relevant information systems of CSRC, CBRC and CIRC to exchange information. It is necessary to clearly define the independence of employees and institutions, prevent collusion between employees and harm the interests of beneficiaries of enterprise annuities.
Establish strict checks and balances. For example, if the custodian finds that the investment instructions that have come into effect by the investment manager according to the trading procedures violate laws, administrative regulations, other relevant provisions or contractual stipulations, it shall immediately notify the investment manager and report to the trustee and relevant regulatory authorities in a timely manner.
For a large amount of enterprise annuity, multiple investment managers should be selected to manage it in order to spread the credit risk. This is a loss containment measure, mainly to ensure that once the investment manager has a credit crisis, it will not lead to the total failure of the entire enterprise annuity plan, so as to control the losses within a certain range.
2. Investment risk management. Clearly prohibit some risky investment behaviors and directly avoid risks. For example, it is stipulated that the enterprise annuity fund shall not be used for creditor's rights transactions, loans and guarantees to others. Investment managers shall not engage in investments that make the assets of enterprise annuity funds bear unlimited liability.
To stipulate the proportion of various investment instruments of enterprise annuity and limit the investment proportion of high-risk instruments such as stocks. The property of enterprise annuity fund managed by a single investment manager is invested in the securities issued by an enterprise or a single securities investment fund. This kind of supervision is a measure to curb losses.
Planned risk retention for enterprise annuity. Risk retention belongs to financial risk management technology. Planned risk retention means that risk managers perceive the existence of risks, estimate the expected losses caused by risks, and decide to use their own internal resources (own funds or borrowed funds) to make up for the losses. The planned risk retention methods of enterprise annuity include: the investment manager of enterprise annuity withdraws investment risk reserve from the management fee charged in the current period every year in a certain proportion to make up for the investment loss of enterprise annuity fund; The trustee of enterprise annuity shall also draw general risk reserve according to a certain proportion of the net income of enterprise annuity fund, which shall be specially used to make up for the heavy losses caused by insufficient investment risk reserve.
3. Comprehensive risk management. Trustee, account manager, custodian and investment manager shall improve their respective internal control systems. In real economic life, the internal control system is a basic risk management system of enterprises. Its effective operation can find and resolve the external risks encountered by these institutions to a great extent, block the risk transmission chain, and thus reduce the overall risk of enterprise annuity operation.
Improve the information disclosure mechanism, find out the problems existing in the management of employees in time, and resolve various risk factors in the bud. Within the specified period after the end of each quarter and year, the trustee shall submit an enterprise annuity fund management report to the client; The account manager shall submit the account management report of the enterprise annuity fund to the trustee; The custodian shall submit the enterprise annuity fund custody and financial accounting report to the trustee; The investment manager shall submit an enterprise annuity fund management report confirmed by the trustee to the trustee. Accordingly, a regular audit system should be established at the same time. The client shall engage an accountant to audit the financial accounting report of the enterprise annuity fund every year, and take the audit results as an important basis for assessing the work performance of the relevant parties.
Establish a regular risk assessment system. The types, frequencies and degrees of risks faced by enterprise annuities are constantly changing, so the risk management measures currently implemented should not be static, but should be constantly adjusted according to the changes in the economic, social and political environment. Therefore, the trustee of enterprise annuity should analyze and evaluate the risk status of the whole enterprise annuity regularly (such as quarterly), check the implementation of existing risk management measures, and submit a risk assessment report to the client.
China can learn from the experience of the United States and set up a security barrier for the beneficiaries of enterprise annuity by establishing a third-party guarantee. This is also a financial risk management technology, which is essentially a risk transfer to enterprise annuity.
With the reform and improvement of China's pension system, enterprise annuity has developed rapidly in recent years, and there is a trend of further accelerated development. In the future, more and more enterprises will establish enterprise annuities. We should also be soberly aware that the enterprise annuity system is still in its infancy, immature and imperfect. How to correctly guide and standardize the establishment, management and investment of enterprise annuity with expanding scale and coverage is an urgent problem.
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