South Korea's re-guarantee system is also one of the more perfect countries in the world. The Korea Credit Guarantee Fund Federation was established in August 2, which is a credit guarantee institution established according to the Korean Local Credit Guarantee Fund Act, and established a nationwide guarantee and re-guarantee operation mechanism by uniting the credit guarantee funds of 16 places in South Korea. The Credit Guarantee Fund Federation is the main re-guarantee institution, which undertakes the vast majority of re-guarantee business in China. Its capital mainly comes from three aspects: first, the membership fees paid by 16 regional credit guarantee funds; Second, the government's budget allocation; The third is donations from financial institutions. Korean law stipulates that financial institutions must provide free donations to re-guarantee institutions according to .2% of the annual loan scale.

The Credit Guarantee Fund Federation establishes a re-guarantee relationship with local credit guarantee funds, automatically re-guarantees the guaranteed projects provided by credit guarantee funds all over the country, and assumes joint and several liability for compensation. The proportion of liability sharing is 5%-6%, and the amount of compensation for a single re-guarantee does not exceed 2 million won (about 2, US dollars). Under normal circumstances, if there is a loan default in the credit guarantee business of SMEs, the credit guarantee fund will first compensate 85% of the loan amount, and the other 15% will be shared by the lending bank. The Credit Guarantee Fund Federation will compensate the credit guarantee fund for 42.5% of the loan amount. The Korea Federation of Credit Guarantee Funds collects re-guarantee fees from local credit guarantee funds, and the benchmark rate is .8% per year. Since the guarantee rate charged by the local credit guarantee fund to the insured enterprise fluctuates within the range of .5%-2% per year, the actual re-guarantee rate can also fluctuate. In 1953, Japan promulgated the Law on Financial Pool of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, and set up the financial pool of small and medium-sized enterprises with full capital contribution according to law, which is a symbol of the establishment of Japan's re-guarantee (credit insurance) system. The financial pool of small and medium-sized enterprises is dominated by the government, and the re-guarantee relationship is established with 52 local credit guarantee associations according to law. The Credit Guarantee Association signed a secured loan agreement with SMEs applying for loans and financial institutions issuing loans, and automatically obtained the re-guarantee confirmation of the secured loan from the financial pool of SMEs through the re-guarantee information platform, effectively dispersing the risks undertaken by the Credit Guarantee Association. The financial pool of small and medium-sized enterprises and the credit guarantee association shall be jointly and severally liable for the guaranteed projects in proportion, with the former accounting for 7%-8% and the latter accounting for 2%-3%, thus increasing the credit magnification of the credit guarantee association to more than 3 times. Small and medium-sized enterprise financial pool and small and medium-sized enterprises pay guarantee fees to the credit guarantee association, and the credit guarantee association pays re-guarantee fees to the small and medium-sized enterprise financial pool. The biggest factor for its success is the strong support of the government and advanced technical support.

The Japanese government has injected 1,356.5 billion yen (about US$ 12.2 billion) into the financial pool of small and medium-sized enterprises, which is the largest government re-guarantee contribution in the world. Through huge financing assistance and preferential tax policies, it improves the credit rating and profitability of 52 credit guarantee associations, thus achieving financing support for small and medium-sized enterprises. In the process of handling the guarantee project, the procedural affairs are handled by the loan financial institutions, the daily management is implemented by the local credit guarantee association, and the risk control is managed by the Japan Credit Risk Database Association (CRD). In the credit guarantee of small and medium-sized enterprises in Japan, the business without counter-guarantee measures accounts for more than 6% of the total business, mainly through the perfect credit risk data information platform for small and medium-sized enterprises to provide reliable information to financial institutions and investors. The credit guarantee system in the United States is relatively complete and distinctive. Founded in 1953, the American Small Business Administration is an independent federal agency. Its main function is to provide financial assistance, management and technical support to small businesses, integrating guarantee and re-guarantee, which will provide guarantees for loans from commercial financial institutions or non-profit organizations. As cooperative banks, 7, commercial banks in China have joined the national credit guarantee system for small businesses, and their guarantees and re-guarantees are directly operated by the government, and no special re-guarantee mechanism has been established.

In practice, the credit institution applies for guarantee to the US Small Business Bureau, which examines the guarantee items declared by the lending institution and the borrowing enterprise according to the guarantee plan, and decides whether to provide guarantee for the lending institution, and the government bears the ultimate responsibility for re-guarantee. According to the requirements of the government, the loan banks share the risks of secured loans. Under normal circumstances, the loan banks share no less than 25% of the loans within $1 million. For small loans of less than $1,, the loan bank shall share no less than 2%. The operation of credit guarantee system for small and medium-sized enterprises in Germany mainly depends on the banking system. Since the establishment of the first guarantee bank in Germany in 1945, at least one guarantee bank has been established in each of the 16 German states, forming a relatively complete guarantee system, and the federal and state governments have formulated a re-guarantee risk sharing system.

The risk-sharing ratio between German loan banks and guarantee banks is 2: 8, and the guarantee banks bear 8% of the loan risks, which are shared by the national banks. Among these 8% loan risks, the re-guarantee provided by the federal government bears 31.2%, the re-guarantee provided by the state government bears 2.8%, and the guarantee banks only bear 28%, which largely disperses and transfers the risks of the guarantee banks. At the same time, the term of the re-guaranteed loan is longer.

in order to support entrepreneurship in Germany, the financial assistance of the federal government can be roughly divided into low-interest loans and long-term loans, that is, low-interest long-term loans are provided to small and medium-sized enterprises through a series of refinancing of state banks, and loan guarantees are provided through guarantee banks, and the re-guarantee period is correspondingly longer.