Current situation and development trends of small and medium-sized enterprises in China

Small is beautiful, big is strong, both are indispensable. Whether a country is prosperous, whether its people are wealthy, and whether their lives are rich and colorful depends on the development level of small and medium-sized enterprises in the country.

1. The status of small and medium-sized enterprises

1. Basic situation of small and medium-sized enterprises

As of the end of 2006, there were more than 3.6 million small and medium-sized enterprises registered with the industrial and commercial administration departments in China. There are 42.42 million individual business households (excluding Hong Kong and Taiwan), accounting for 99.6% of the total number of enterprises in the country, of which 95% of small and medium-sized enterprises are non-public enterprises. The value of final products and services created by small and medium-sized enterprises accounts for 58.5% of GDP, 68.3% of foreign exchange earnings from exports, 48.2% of taxes paid, 58.9% of social sales, and 75% of the total is solved. Urban employment opportunities. At the same time, because small and medium-sized enterprises have the advantages of rapid response and flexible mechanisms, they play an increasingly prominent role in technological progress and mechanism innovation. 66% of patents are invented by SMEs, more than 74% of technological innovations are completed by SMEs, and more than 80% of new products are developed by SMEs. SMEs have become the main body of technological innovation. Small and medium-sized enterprises provide 40% of intermediate products and supporting services to large enterprises. In 2004, nearly 50% of college graduates were employed in small and medium-sized enterprises.

2. The role of small and medium-sized enterprises

First, they play an important role in revitalizing the regional economy and alleviating the imbalance of regional economic development. They are an important part of the national economy and are important for the health and well-being of the national economy. An important force for rapid and stable development.

Second, small and medium-sized enterprises meet the diverse needs of the people, expand domestic demand, increase purchasing power, invigorate urban and rural markets, and accelerate the development of productivity.

Third, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises has decentralized, socialized, and universalized property rights. A large number of entrepreneurs have appeared, which has increased social capital, improved people's quality, and developed the enthusiasm and creativity of workers.

Fourth, small and medium-sized enterprises have attracted the attention of countries around the world. In countries and regions with developed market economies, small and medium-sized enterprises are also an important economic foundation and an indispensable part of the market system.

Fifth, the development of small and medium-sized enterprises has solved many jobs, alleviated social pressure, and contributed to social stability.

3. The most fundamental problems of small and medium-sized enterprises

The first is the conceptual problem, which is the so-called ownership discrimination. Because more than 70% of small and medium-sized enterprises are private enterprises, due to the influence of traditional concepts, governments and financial departments in many regions are not confident about private enterprises. This phenomenon will be gradually solved through the policies formulated by the central government and the improvement of the general environment.

The second issue is access. For infrastructure, culture, education, health and other industries that are not restricted by laws and regulations, as well as industries that foreign capital can enter, small and medium-sized enterprises can also enter if conditions permit. However, there are problems in the specific implementation, and some will be illegally blocked. These problems will be solved with the implementation of national policies.

The third is the financing problem, which is the biggest difficulty encountered by small and medium-sized enterprises in their development. Although the state has put forward corresponding regulations on this issue and banks have opened windows for small and medium-sized enterprises, they have not been implemented yet. This kind of problem also exists abroad. To completely solve the problem of financing difficulties for small and medium-sized enterprises, only the establishment of a diversified and multi-level financial system can solve it.

Fourth is the problem of management level. Most small and medium-sized enterprises adopt a family-style management style, which is insufficiently standardized and highly arbitrary, resulting in management chaos. In particular, basic management such as cost management, financial management, and quality management are not in place and must be standardized in the future.

The fifth is the issue of law-abiding and integrity. Operating in accordance with the law and paying taxes according to regulations are the life of an enterprise. However, small and medium-sized enterprises have great shortcomings in this aspect. Paying taxes is the bounden duty of enterprises, and small and medium-sized enterprise owners do not have enough understanding of this. , needs to be resolved as soon as possible. Integrity is not just a matter of paying taxes, but also involves transactions and product quality.

Sixth is the problem of talent shortage. The talent shortage in small and medium-sized enterprises in small and medium-sized towns and rural areas is very serious. Due to natural conditions, high salaries cannot retain people, and the family concept of small and medium-sized enterprises cannot accommodate people. , some companies closed down due to lack of talent.

2. National Support Policies

1. One law and three policy documents

One law is the "People's Republic of China and the People's Republic of China" The Small and Medium Enterprises Promotion Law came into effect on January 2003.

The three documents are the "Opinions on Several Issues Concerning Cultivating Socialized Service Systems for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises" issued by the former State Economic and Trade Commission; the "Opinions on Several Policies Concerning Encouraging and Promoting the Development of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises" forwarded by the State Council to the State Economic and Trade Commission ; The State Council issued "Several Opinions on Encouraging, Supporting and Guiding the Development of Non-Public Economies such as Individual and Private Enterprises". One law, three documents are of great importance to the survival and development of small and medium-sized enterprises in my country. They first provide legal basis and space for survival and development of small and medium-sized enterprises.

2. Establish a financial support system

Since 2003, the central government has allocated 50 million yuan in special subsidies for small and medium-sized enterprises to provide training and provide small and medium-sized enterprises and service institutions. Subsidies for corporate credit services and entrepreneurial services.