I saw the format of an academic journal paper, which should be ok, or you can check the duplicate of the paper at school. Usually, the text structure of an academic paper should have 13 basic elements, which are in the order of arrangement: title, author's signature, author's unit (including unit, place name and postcode), abstract, keywords, Chinese library classification number, document identification code, article number, text, ordinal language, and so on. In addition, the author's manuscript should also indicate the contact information (telephone number, E-mail, detailed address, zip code, etc.). These are the basic elements that should be possessed in the structure of academic papers. Of course, the manuscript should also have English title, English abstract and English keywords for editors to choose from. Go to school and check the duplicate papers will bring you the basic requirements for the format of academic journals, and explain the format specifications of journal papers in detail.

first, the head part

The head part of an academic paper should generally include the title, author's signature, author's unit, abstract, keywords, Chinese library classification number, document identification code, article number and other elements, and its basic format and specification requirements are:

1.

The title of an academic paper should be concise, specific, accurate and appropriate, which can summarize the specific content of the paper and conform to the relevant principles of compiling title catalogue, index and retrieval tools. In addition, we should try to avoid using abbreviations, foreign characters, codes, etc. that are not well known and recognized in the title.

2. Author's signature and author's unit.

generally speaking, the following points should be paid attention to with regard to the author's signature of academic papers and the labeling of the author's unit:

(1) All academic papers should have the author's signature, and the signature should be placed in the middle position below the title.

(2) The signature of an academic paper can be an independent signature of one author, a joint signature of two or more authors, or a collective signature (such as the name of a research group); You can sign the author's real name or pen name, but it is usually the author's real name, except in special circumstances; Collectively signed articles, their writers or organizers can also be marked at the anchor position of the first page of the article, separated from the text by horizontal lines.

(3) The signature of academic translation should be that the author comes first, the translator comes last, and the nationality is indicated in square brackets before the author; All kinds of academic abstracts, etc., can also put the author's name in parentheses at the end of the text.

(4) The signatures of multiple authors should be separated by spaces or commas; Authors of different units should mark (superscript) different Arabic numeral signature numbers in the upper right corner of their names in sequence, and add a number consistent with the signature number before their unit names; When two or more author units are arranged side by side, they should be separated by semicolons.

(5) The signed author should indicate the full name of his/her work unit, the name of the province, city or county where he/she works (provinces can be omitted for cities above the provincial capital), indicate the postcode, and put it in the middle position below the author's signature in parentheses.

The author's right of authorship is protected by the Copyright Law. How to sign the name depends on the author's wishes. No one has the right to interfere, but at the same time, it is bound by the law, and it is not allowed to infringe upon the right of authorship of others or collectives at will.

3. summary.

Abstract is the author's brief statement of the main contents or viewpoints of the paper, which requires conciseness, accuracy and generality, can objectively and concretely reflect the important and innovative main viewpoints of the full text, and give an objective and concrete statement; Subjective and emotional comments and explanations divorced from specific content should be avoided. In other words, the abstract is an independent and self-contained complete essay, which is a direct expression of the main points of the paper. Generally, there should be no subjective evaluation and explanatory words by the author. Therefore, we should pay attention to the following three points when writing an abstract:

(1) The abstract should be independent and self-contained, that is, readers can directly obtain the most important content information of the paper without reading the full text. The content of the paper should include the main points of the paper, focusing on the discussion object and conclusion, that is, focusing on reading guidance, so that readers can determine whether it is necessary to read the full text through the abstract.

(2) Chinese abstracts are generally about 2 words, while English abstracts generally require about 2 substantive words. If there are special needs, the number of words can be slightly more, but the principle is concise and clear.

(3) Don't write the "abstract" of a paper in the form of "brief introduction", let alone the "abstract" of a book. The requirement of writing an abstract is to directly express the main information or central idea contained in a paper in highly general language, and try to avoid using the language of introduction and self-evaluation. For example: "This paper analyzes, studies and puts forward …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

according to relevant regulations, abstracts should be prepared for papers published in academic journals. The Abstract is located below the author's signature, and the Chinese abstract is marked with "abstract:" or "[abstract]", while the English abstract is marked with "abstract:".

It should be noted here that English abstracts are optional at present, which is only required by the Ministry of Education in the arrangement specification of university journal papers, but not explicitly stipulated in the Rules for Abstract Writing (GB/ T6447-1986). Therefore, if the author has the ability to write better in the manuscript, he can leave it out if he has no ability to write, leaving it to the journal editor to decide whether it is necessary to write for you according to the needs of editing and distributing.

At present, although there are so-called "abstracts" in front of the academic papers compiled and distributed by some journals, they are actually "content introduction", "abstract" or nondescript words. The reason why this happens is that quite a few authors and editors confuse "abstract" with "introduction" and "abstract", so they have no idea when writing abstract.

4. keywords.

keywords, also known as subject words, refer to subject-specific nouns or noun phrases with practical retrieval significance selected from the title, abstract and text of a paper, and have a clear source in the paper.

(1) the labeling requirements of keywords.

The annotation of keywords should reflect the main contents of academic papers and be semantic, and the standardized vocabulary provided by Chinese Thesaurus, World Chinese Thesaurus or various professional thesaurus should be adopted as far as possible.

(2) the way to label keywords.

Generally, 3-8 keywords should be selected, and arranged on the bottom of the "abstract" with prominent characters. Chinese keywords should be marked with "keyword:", "keyword" or "keyword", and semicolons should be used between words. Separate; If English Keywords are marked, the Chinese and English keywords should correspond one by one, and the English keywords should be marked with "keywords:" and arranged on another line.

(3) The purpose of tagging keywords.

keywords are words with substantial retrieval significance for revealing the central content of academic papers, and their labeling purpose is to be used as the content characteristics of computer systems to facilitate the information integration system to collect papers of the same content for readers to retrieve. Therefore, the keywords extracted from the paper should be standardized words or phrases. When extracting and determining keywords, it is necessary to analyze the theme of the paper, select accurate and appropriate words or phrases as keywords, and convert them into standardized words in the thesaurus according to the indexing and matching rules.

Generally speaking, academic papers with more than 3, words in academic journals must be marked with Chinese keywords, but English keywords can be marked according to needs. Although English keywords are still optional at present, they can be marked or not in the writing and arrangement of academic papers, it is better to mark them if they have the ability. After all, they are published academic papers, and the retrieval needs of international peers should be considered.

5. Classification number of Chinese library.

the Chinese library classification number refers to the document classification mark symbols stipulated by the China Library Classification for the subject analysis of scientific and technological documents and the classification organization of documents according to the subject attributes and academic characteristics of the contents of the documents.

(1) Composition of the classification number of the diagram.

Chinese library classification number is a mixed number composed of Chinese phonetic capital letters, Arabic numerals and some auxiliary symbols. Generally, a letter is used to mark a large category, which reflects the sequence of large categories in alphabetical order, and numbers and auxiliary symbols are used after the letters to indicate the classification of categories under large categories, thus forming a complete document classification symbol. Therefore, when labeling, we should try our best to label accurately and subdivide in place.

(2) Annotation of the classification number of the drawing.

At present, the subject classification codes specified in the Library Classification of China (5th edition, September, 21) should be used to mark the classification numbers of Chinese library. Papers involving multiple disciplines can be marked with several classification numbers, with a semicolon between them. Separate. Generally, the classification number of Chinese library should be marked on the left below the keyword, and marked with "Chinese library classification number:", "Chinese library classification number" or "Chinese library classification number".

Example:

① Chinese library classification number: G27 (indicating that this article is a paper on archival science and archives management)

② Chinese library classification number G273.4; G254.9 (indicating that this paper is a paper on file retrieval, document retrieval and information retrieval)

6. Document identification code.

document identification code is the code stipulated for classifying and identifying academic papers. According to "China Academic Journals (CD-ROM Edition) Retrieval and Evaluation Data Specification", each article should be marked with the corresponding document identification code.

(1) Five commonly used document identification codes:

A-academic papers on theoretical and applied research;

b-summary of theoretical study and social practice;

c-articles on business guidance and technical management;

d-dynamic information;

e-documents and materials.

(2) Marking of document identification codes.

In academic papers, the document identification code should be marked with two blank spaces behind the classification number of Chinese Library Classification, usually marked with "document identification code:", "document identification code" or "document identification code".

Example:

① Document identification code: A (indicating that this article is an academic paper)

② Document identification code C (indicating that this article is a business guidance and technical management article)

7. Article number.

according to relevant regulations, all articles with document identification codes should be marked with article numbers, among which three types of articles, A, B and C, must be marked.

the article number consists of the international standard serial number, publication year, issue number, page number of the first page of the article and the number of pages ***5 segments of 2 digits, and its structure is XXXX-XXXX(YYYY)NN-PPPP-CC. It is usually marked with "article number:", "article number" or "article number".

Second, the body part

The body part is the main part of an academic paper, and the following points should be paid attention to in the normative requirements related to the body part of an academic paper:

1. Introduction.

Introduction, also known as preface, is used at the beginning of the text of an academic paper, or marked with "introduction" or "preface", or directly expressed as the first natural paragraph of the text. The introduction should generally express the author's writing intention or simply explain the writing background, explain the purpose and significance of the topic, reflect the writing scope limited by the title of the paper, and be concise and closely related to the theme.

2. The logical level of the text.

As the main part of an academic paper, the text is the part that best reflects the author's academic innovation ability, language expression ability and logical thinking ability, and its logical structure level is generally:

a. Asking questions-arguments;

B. Analyze the problem-arguments and arguments;

C. Solving problems-demonstrating methods and steps;

D. Draw a conclusion-summarize the main idea of the full text.

3. Title in the text.

The headings in the text are "subheadings" that indicate the logical levels of each part in the text. The logical levels of each part of the text should not be too much, but should generally be controlled within five levels. The title in the text should be concise and clear, occupying a line by itself, with two spaces in front of the preface and no punctuation marks at the end, except for question marks, exclamation marks and ellipsis.

4. The usage specification of the order words in each chapter of the text.

ordinal language refers to words, words, serial numbers, letters, symbols, etc. used to mark logical levels or logical pauses in the text.

(1) In the text of the paper, generally speaking, you can choose to start with a sequence of words according to the characteristics of the article. After the sequence of words is selected, you should write down the text layer by layer. After the lower-level sequence of words has been selected, it is not appropriate to use the higher-level sequence of words in turn.

(2) For the ordinal words in the form of similar numbers, those with brackets should be located at the next level without brackets. Usually, the first layer is Chinese characters and numbers with pause, such as "one,"; The second layer is the number of Chinese characters with brackets, such as "(1)"; The third layer is Arabic numerals with waste points, such as "1." Note that pause "and" are not used here; The fourth layer is Arabic numerals with parentheses, such as "(1)"; Further down can be circled Arabic numerals, such as "①", or lowercase Latin letters with footpoints, such as "a".

(3) The use of punctuation marks after the sequence should comply with the relevant provisions of the national standard "Usage of Point Symbols" (GB/T 15834-211). When Chinese characters and numbers without brackets or "heavenly stems and earthly branches" are used as ordinal words, pause is used afterwards; Arabic numerals, Latin letters or Roman numerals without brackets are used as ordinal words, followed by the suffix "."(this symbol is a punctuation symbol borrowed from a foreign language); No longer use any dot after the parenthetical order; The combination of Arabic numerals and waste points indicates the relationship between chapters without any dot at the end, but a Chinese character space is needed.

examples of the use of ordinal words:

1 ...

(1) ...

(1) ...

①/a ...

In recent years, Arabic numerals have become popular in some academic journals. In this way, the order words at each level should be separated from the title with a foot point, and the last layer should be empty. For example,

"3.1.2" is used to indicate the order before the second layer title in the first small question under the third big question in the text.

5. Use of language and characters

In academic papers, the use of language and characters must conform to the norms of modern Chinese, that is, except for special needs such as sorting out ancient books, quoting and studying historical documents, old-fashioned characters, variant characters and traditional characters should be avoided; Avoid using nonstandard abbreviations, self-made words, etc. The use of words and phrases should be based on the 6th edition of Modern Chinese Dictionary.

6. Use of punctuation marks

The use of punctuation marks shall comply with the relevant provisions of GB/ T15834-211 Usage of Punctuation Marks. For example, it cannot be used at the beginning of a line (except for the pre-quotation mark, pre-bracket, dash and ellipsis); There is no period at the end of the text in the text and the table; Books, articles, documents, periodicals, newspapers, regulatory documents, etc. are added with book titles, and there is no need to separate the two book titles with a pause; Don't mix Chinese and foreign punctuation marks (no foreign punctuation marks in Chinese and no Chinese punctuation marks in foreign languages); Punctuations in foreign languages should follow the customary usage of foreign languages, and Chinese punctuation usage should not be copied in foreign languages, such as English.