The caves that produce stalactites and stalagmites are made of limestone. There are many cracks in the upper part of the cave, and water drops penetrate into each crack. Whenever water evaporates, some lime will be deposited. Raindrops keep appearing, and there are more and more limestone at the top of the cave, eventually forming nipples. This is the "childhood" era of stalactites. Later, the nipple was covered with a longer and longer layer of calcium. Some stalactites can reach several meters long. Stalagmites are close partners of stalactites.

When water drops fall on the top of the cave, limestone is deposited on the ground. In this way, stalagmites are very long for stalactites. You can say stalactites are "sir". Stalagmites are "after birth". The stalagmite's chassis is large, relatively stable and not easy to break, so its "growth" speed is usually faster than that of stalactites. Stalagmites can reach up to 30 meters, just like "stone pagodas" growing on the flat ground.

The main component of limestone is calcium carbonate. When calcium carbonate finds dissolved carbon dioxide in water, it will react to produce more soluble calcium bicarbonate. When the water dissolved in calcium bicarbonate becomes hot or the pressure suddenly drops, the calcium bicarbonate dissolved in water will decompose, and the regenerated calcium carbonate will deposit and release carbon dioxide. When the water at the top of the cave slowly seeps down, the calcium bicarbonate in the water will react with the previous reaction, and some will be deposited at the top of the cave and some at the bottom of the cave. Stalactites are formed at the top of caves and stalagmites are formed at the bottom of caves.

When the most prominent substance is covered with a layer of calcareous substance, it gradually becomes longer and longer, forming a stalactite with posture. Let's look at the formation of stalagmites. Due to the crustal movement, the seawater recedes and a continuous karst limestone peak appears. These bare stone mountains were washed away by the rain and changed into the shape of knives. Due to the long-term dissolution of groundwater and the influence of river water, karst caves have gradually formed in Shifeng foundation.