Soros's Quantum Fund American financier George Soros operates five hedge funds with different styles.

Among them, Quantum Fund is the largest and one of the largest hedge funds in the world.

Quantum Fund was originally founded in the late 1960s by Soros and Jim Rogers, another famous hedge fund expert, with only $4 million in assets at the beginning.

The fund is established in New York, but its investors are all non-U.S. foreign investors, thereby avoiding the supervision of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

Quantum Fund invests in commodities, foreign exchange, stocks and bonds, and uses a large number of financial derivatives and leveraged financing to engage in a full range of international financial operations.

With his extraordinary analytical skills and courage, Soros guided Quantum Fund to gradually grow and expand amidst the rise and fall of the world's financial markets again and again.

He has repeatedly accurately foreseen the extraordinary growth potential of certain industries and companies, thereby obtaining excess returns during the rise of these stocks.

Even in a bear market when the market was declining, Soros made a lot of money with his superb short-selling skills.

After less than 30 years of operation, by the end of 1997, Quantum Fund had increased in value to a giant fund with total assets of nearly US$6 billion.

The US$10,000 injected into the Quantum Fund in 1969 had increased in value to US$300 million by the end of 1996, an increase of 30,000 times.

Soros became a popular figure in the international financial community because he launched several large-scale currency sniper wars with the Quantum Fund in the 1990s.

Quantum Fund, with its strong financial resources and fierce style, has been making waves in the international currency market since the 1990s, often launching attacks on currencies with weak foundations and succeeding frequently.

Although Quantum Fund has only 6 billion US dollars in assets, it has become a decisive force in the international financial market because it can obtain an investment effect equivalent to tens of billions or even hundreds of billions of funds through leverage financing and other means when needed.

At the same time, due to Soros's reputation, Quantum Fund's capital whereabouts and betting directions are all followed by large-scale international hot money.

Therefore, every move of Quantum Fund often plays a key role in the rise and fall of a country's currency.

Hedge funds' attacks on a currency are often carried out through large-scale short selling of the currency in the currency's forward, futures, and options markets, thus causing depreciation pressure on the currency.

For countries with embarrassment of foreign exchange reserves, after futile market intervention, the only option left is often to let their currencies depreciate, thereby allowing short-selling hedge funds to reap huge profits.

Soros and his Quantum Fund were directly responsible for several serious currency crises in the mid-1990s.

In the early 1990s, in order to cooperate with the linked exchange rate within the European Union, the pound exchange rate was artificially fixed at a high level, triggering attacks from international currency speculators.

Quantum Fund took the lead, selling pounds on a large scale and buying German marks in the market.

Although the Bank of England vigorously sold the German mark to buy pounds, and took measures to raise interest rates, it was still defeated by the attack of the Quantum Fund and retreated. The pound was forced to withdraw from the European monetary exchange rate system and float freely. In just one month, the pound

The exchange rate fell by 20%, and Quantum Fund made hundreds of millions of dollars in huge profits during the pound crisis.

Shortly thereafter, the Italian lira suffered the same fate, with Quantum Fund also playing a leading role.

In 1994, Soros’ Quantum Fund launched an attack on the Mexican peso.

Mexico's healthy economic growth before 1994 was based on overreliance on short- and medium-term foreign loans.

To control domestic inflation, the peso was overvalued and pegged to the U.S. dollar.

The attack on the peso launched by the Quantum Fund caused Mexico's foreign exchange reserves to run out in a short period of time, and it had to abandon its peg to the U.S. dollar and implement free floating, causing the collapse of the Mexican peso and the domestic stock market. However, the Quantum Fund was in this crisis

In the middle, the income is high.

In the second half of 1997, a financial crisis occurred in Southeast Asia.

Like Mexico in 1994, many Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Malaysia, and South Korea have long relied on short- and medium-term foreign loans to maintain their balance of international payments. Their exchange rates are relatively high and most of them maintain fixed or linked exchange rates with the U.S. dollar or a basket of currencies, which gives rise to international speculation.

Funds provide a great hunting opportunity.

Quantum Fund played the role of a sniper, starting with massive short selling of the Thai baht, forcing Thailand to abandon its long-standing fixed exchange rate pegged to the U.S. dollar and implement free floating, thus triggering an unprecedented crisis in Thailand's financial market.

The crisis soon spread to all countries and regions in Southeast Asia that implemented free currency convertibility, forcing all major Southeast Asian currencies except the Hong Kong dollar to depreciate sharply in a short period of time. The currency systems and stock markets of Southeast Asian countries collapsed, and the resulting withdrawal of large numbers of foreign capital

And the huge pressure of domestic inflation has cast a shadow over the economic development of this region.