Put forward new ideas or theories: A doctoral thesis can put forward new ideas or theories and make contributions to the development of disciplines. These viewpoints or theories can be based on new research data or experimental results, or they can be supplements or improvements to existing theories.

Innovative research methods: The doctoral thesis can adopt new research methods or techniques to deeply analyze and discuss the research contents. These methods or techniques can be new experimental design, data processing methods, statistical analysis methods, etc., or they can be improvements or optimizations of existing methods.

Expanding the research field: A doctoral thesis can expand the research scope of the subject field and explore and excavate new research fields. These fields can be interdisciplinary research fields, and they can also be the frontier research directions in interdisciplinary fields.

improve the existing theory: the doctoral thesis can improve or perfect the existing theory and put forward new theories or models. These improvements can be based on new research data or experimental results, or they can be criticism and revision of existing theories.