1, policy basis
(1) National policy disunity stage (before 20 16)
The main policy basis is Article 14 of the Social Insurance Law:
Personal accounts shall not be withdrawn in advance, and the bookkeeping interest rate shall not be lower than the bank time deposit interest rate, and interest tax shall be exempted. Personal account balance can be inherited after personal death.
(2) the stage of national policy unification (from 20 16)
The main policy basis is the Notice of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance on Printing and Distributing the Interest Rate of Personal Accounts of Endowment Insurance (No.201731issued by Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security on April 3, 2007). The summary is as follows:
Unify the bookkeeping interest rate (that is, interest) of individual accounts for employee pension insurance. Unify the bookkeeping interest rate of individual accounts of basic old-age insurance for employees of enterprises, government agencies and institutions, which will be uniformly announced by Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance every year. The publication time is June every year. The bookkeeping interest rate should be determined mainly by considering factors such as employee salary increase and fund balance, and adjusted through reasonable coefficients. The bookkeeping interest rate shall not be lower than the bank time deposit interest rate.
2. Personal social security account
Social security is divided into social security for urban workers and social security for urban and rural residents. Among them, the social security accounts of urban employees are divided into overall accounts and personal accounts.
(1) Personal account of endowment insurance for urban workers
At this stage, urban workers are insured in the unit, and all the endowment insurance expenses paid by the employer are included in the overall account, and all the expenses paid by individuals are included in the personal account.
If you are an individual insured (businessman, self-employed, individual entrusted with filing, flexible employee), because there is no employer to bear the overall expenses, all the expenses paid by individuals will not enter the personal account. According to the local social security policy, it will be included in the overall account and individual account in different proportions.
(2) Personal accounts for urban and rural residents' endowment insurance
Urban and rural residents participate in endowment insurance, and all the expenses paid by individuals are transferred to personal accounts. In addition, government subsidies, collective or social sponsorship will also be included in personal accounts.
3, social security personal account "interest" has a guaranteed or lower limit, exempt from interest tax.
(1) "Interest" and the Ownership of Social Security Personal Account
The social security personal account bears interest, which is determined or reflected by the bookkeeping interest rate of the personal account and belongs to the insured, and is exempt from interest tax.
The bookkeeping interest rate of personal account cannot be lower than the bank time deposit interest rate. This is the lower limit stipulated by the state, whether before or after reunification. It can be understood that the interest rate of bank time deposits is compliant and can be adjusted by stages or floating.
Personal account income belongs to individuals. Return in the form of personal account pension or personal account balance.
(2) The "interest" of the social security pooling account and its attribution.
Coordinating account funds and enjoying preferential policies and supporting policies of the state will lead to capital investment and income. But it is not directly related to the insured.
The income of the overall fund is still included in the overall fund and is uniformly controlled and used by the government. Such as basic pension and transitional pension.
4. Personal account "interest" is not fixed, but dynamic data.
The interest rate of personal account is not fixed, but floating, with phased policies and dynamic data.
Before 20 16, the whole country was not unified. In some areas, the one-year fixed deposit interest rate is completely implemented, and in some areas, an accounting interest rate is determined every year. For example, 20 15 Shanghai is 2.75% (equal to 20 15 3-year fixed deposit rate). Henan 20 15 is 5%.
Since 20 16, the state has formulated a unified interest rate for personal accounts of old-age insurance every year, which is a unified national standard.
Specifically, it is 8.3 1% in 20 16 years, 7. 12% in 20 17 years and 8.29% in 20 18 years. It can be seen that in recent years, the bookkeeping interest rate of personal accounts of endowment insurance is much higher than that of bank time deposits, which is a real high return.
5. Personal account pension
The insured person pays the old-age insurance premium 15, and when he reaches the legal retirement age, he can go through retirement procedures and receive a monthly pension.
(1) urban workers
Pension for urban workers is generally composed of basic pension and personal account pension. If you are from China, you can also enjoy a transitional pension.
Calculation formula of personal account pension for urban workers:
Accumulated amount of personal account at retirement (including principal and income) ÷ Number of months of pension calculation corresponding to retirement age (e.g. at age 50 195, at age 55 170, at age 60 139).
(2) Urban and rural residents
Pension for urban and rural residents consists of basic pension and personal account pension.
In other words, personal account pension is a part of pension, whether it is urban workers' pension or urban and rural residents' pension.
Calculation formula of personal account pension for urban and rural residents:
Accumulated amount of personal account (including principal and income) at the time of retirement ÷ The number of pension calculation and payment months corresponding to retirement age is 139 (all retired at the age of 60).
6. Personal account savings, personal account interest and personal account pension are directly proportional. The more you pay, the more you get.
Friends with high social security payment standards and high accumulated savings in personal accounts have high personal account interest and high personal account pension when they retire.
If the social security payment standard is low, the accumulated amount of personal account will be low, the interest earned by personal account will be low, and the personal account pension will be low when retiring.
For example, if you retire at the age of 60 and the accumulated amount in your personal account (including principal and income) is 65,438+10,000, then the personal account pension at retirement is =100000/139 = 719.42 yuan.
Example 2: Retire at the age of 50, and the accumulated amount of personal account (including principal and income) is 40,000, then the personal account pension at retirement = 40,000/195 = 205.438+03 yuan.
After the amount of personal account is approved at retirement, it will be paid for life. After the personal account is withdrawn, it will be paid by the social security fund and finance. The longer you live, the more cost-effective.
7. Personal accounts may not be withdrawn in advance, and the balance of personal accounts can be inherited after the death of an individual.
Normal retirees can enjoy pensions for life (including personal account pensions). Whether you die before retirement or after retirement, if your personal account has a balance, you can inherit it.
Under normal circumstances, the personal account of endowment insurance shall not be withdrawn in advance (before retirement). But it is not absolute, and there are exceptions. If you have entered a foreign country, you can apply for social security surrender liquidation.
label
To sum up, the social security personal account not only has "interest", but also is relatively high, which also has an impact on the pension benefits of retirees. Above, I have made a systematic comb for my friends on the relevant knowledge of social security personal accounts. It is necessary for caring friends to know about it. This way, you won't suffer because you don't understand the policy.
Legal basis:
Article 60 of the Social Insurance Law stipulates that the employer shall declare on its own and pay social insurance premiums in full and on time, and shall not postpone or reduce the payment except for legal reasons such as force majeure. The social insurance premiums that employees should pay shall be withheld and remitted by the employer, and the employer shall inform me of the details of paying social insurance premiums on a monthly basis.
Individual industrial and commercial households without employees, part-time employees who have not participated in social insurance in the employing units and other flexible employees can pay social insurance premiums directly to the social insurance premium collection agencies.