Ants don't use levers! What is a lever? If you speculate in foreign exchange gold futures, you have 100 yuan, and you can buy and sell the subject matter with the value of 1000 yuan. This is called leverage.
Ants don't do this. This is how ants work. I borrowed money from 100, and I am willing to pay 16% interest. But I only have ants 10 yuan. Who lends me 1000, and I pay 10% interest, and mortgage it with the creditor's rights of 100? So the rich man said, I'll lend you 900, but you have to guarantee it yourself, and the interest can be reduced to 9%. So the ant raised 1000 yuan and lent it to that 100 person. Ants themselves are borrowers, not empty-handed, not using leverage, but borrowing money to lend.
Ant Group has two small loan companies registered in Chongqing, namely Lending Bao and Consumer Bao.
Both small loan companies have relevant licenses and can engage in financial lending business.
The business scope of small loan companies is also clearly defined in the new small loan regulations issued on June 2, 165438+.
Small loan companies can issue loans, but issuing ABS requires a special application, and ordinary small loan companies will not approve the application. The small loan company of Ant Group is obviously allowed to issue ABS.
So how did this 100 times lever come from?
It is through the issuance of ABS that the leverage is constantly enlarged during the issuance process. With the gradual increase of issuance times, the leverage becomes larger and larger, and finally reaches 100 times. If there is no supervision, it may theoretically be enlarged to 1000 times and 10000 times.
Specific to ants, it is to borrow money from banks first and then issue ABS. In the words of celebrities: "The capital spent on flower beds and loans has reached more than 300 billion, which is 100 times larger."
The so-called ABS is to package a bunch of assets into a pool, and then use these packaged assets as basic assets to design standardized bonds that can be issued in the capital market, and then issue them in slices. The source of funds for repayment of principal and interest is the future cash flow of packaged assets, that is, loan principal and interest.
For example, ants issue 3 billion ABS with 3 billion loan balance to obtain 3 billion funds, and then lend this 3 billion to form 3 billion loan balance; Then use the loan balance of 3 billion to issue 3 billion ABS, get 3 billion consideration funds, and then release these funds. After repeated issuance for dozens of times, the capital of 3 billion yuan can be expanded to 300 billion yuan, and the leverage can be enlarged to 100 times.
Of course, some people say that there is no limit to the number of ABS issued. Not really, and it is this regulatory loophole that ants can release hundreds of billions of loans through billions of capital.
Of course, this new small loan regulation has blocked this loophole, and the leverage can be increased to five times at most.
Don't scold ants every day. Why not try to borrow 654.38 million yuan from the bank? First, you can't borrow it. The amount is too small, and people don't eat refined rice. Second, the procedures are complicated, no less than getting a passport abroad. The most important thing is ugly face. However, ants can make you relaxed, just a little more than banks. To tell the truth, for entrepreneurs with little capital, Ant is a good company in send warm in the cold winter.
Isn't this just absorbing reserves in another direction, not paying reserves, and then lending usury? If you want to move a pony and sit in front of the bank to do this business, if no one catches you, you will easily become the richest man in the world. What high technology do you want?
Ma Yun didn't deceive and falsely publicize the people like p2p, and the people trusted and won the hearts of the people.
Obviously, there are some problems in the expression of the first half of the topic. Ant Group is not without financial business scope, but has over-expanded and become an integrated financial service platform. As for operating leverage, which is more than 100 times higher, it exists, but it will not be played in the future.
What are the businesses of Ant Group? It should be said that the current business of ants mainly includes payment, deposit absorption, loan issuance, money market funds, wealth management products consignment, insurance business and so on. However, Alipay, a non-bank payment institution, was its main payment business at the beginning. Later, through the establishment of small loan companies, it expanded into a comprehensive financial service platform, enabling Ant Group to carry out non-financial, financial, quasi-financial and financial infrastructure services across borders.
In fact, there are two online small loan companies under the Ant Group, which specialize in financial services such as lending. For a long time, it has been popular to leverage capital securitization (ABS) to leverage high loan scale with less capital.
How does the new regulation affect the basic business of ants? According to the Measures for Online Small Loans, in a single joint loan, the proportion of capital contribution of companies operating online small loans shall not be less than 30%. This makes it difficult for Ant Financial to continue to leverage the high loan scale by reducing capital.
However, in the past few years, it has used the traffic of its own Internet giants and combined with the funds of financial institutions to make the joint loan model develop rapidly. In fact, the contribution ratio of its two small loan companies is only 1% to 2%. Looking at it now, the "Network Small Loan Measures" will put forward greater requirements for the capital consumption of such companies, which will reduce their leverage ratio and expansion speed.
According to the new requirements, a major impact of ant small loans is that the proportion of small and medium-sized loan companies that require joint loans should not be less than 30%. Since then, not only its operating leverage has been greatly reduced, but also ants need to replenish nearly 100 billion capital, which will definitely have a great impact on its revaluation and profitability.
The origin of two small loan companies owned by Ant Speaking of the ins and outs of those two small loan companies, it was actually related to Huang, who was in charge of Chongqing at that time!
Huang said that in 20 13, Ma Yun came to Chongqing. I asked him what difficulties he had now and what he wanted to do. He said that I wanted to set up a loan company. I said that you came to me to set up a loan company. As long as it is not P2P, I will complete it for you in three days, so he set up two small loan companies.
According to Huang, among the 654.38+billion profits of Ant Financial, 4.5 billion yuan came from those two small loan companies. It can be seen that this is also one of the factors that delayed the listing of Ant Group, because as a technology company, you raised funds at a high valuation in science and technology innovation board, but it is obviously impossible to unify the financial business supervision.
As a financial amateur, I also want to say a few words:
Cao Min believes that finance belongs to a special service industry. The first is to serve the entity and effectively and timely input blood for the real economy. The first is to serve the people and provide efficient and convenient services for the broad masses of the society. Financial operation is like human blood. Arteries are important, so are capillaries! And the two must work together to ensure that the human body is in a healthy state! Whoever violates this principle and creates an artificial "blood clot" is the real villain!
If financial enterprises only pursue their own profits, they will become a cancer that harms society sooner or later!
In my opinion, this kind of company is too risky to go public through ABS leverage, because it is equivalent to transferring the risk to shareholders or citizens who don't know much about finance. Once systemic risks occur, borrowers fail to repay loans, bond buyers go bankrupt, stock prices plummet, shareholders and citizens go bankrupt, and the original shareholders have cashed in through the secondary market. What should I do?
More than 100 times? 654.38+0 billion, we borrowed 2 trillion, 200 times the high leverage from the bank.