During the Kangxi period, Liu Yinshu, the governor of Guizhou, retired to his hometown and wanted to build a bridge for his hometown with his life savings. However, the children objected to him: "You have been a senior official all your life, but we haven't touched any light. It is easy to expect you to go home, but you are so indifferent to us. " Liu Yinshu was very sad. He felt that although he was innocent, he neglected the education of his children. So he used up his savings and spent five years building a bridge named "Liu Yuqiao". After the bridge was repaired, he said to his children, "The reason why I spent all my savings on repairing the bridge is to tell you with facts that I want to go my own way and create my own life. It is better to rely on yourself. " In order to completely eliminate the children's dependence on their parents, he sold the bridge to the government for fifteen taels of silver.

What Liu Yinshu did deeply touched his children. His children will become the pillars of the country in the future.

It should be said that Liu Yinshu is far-sighted in attaching importance to the cultivation of children's spirit of self-improvement, and he is well-intentioned in educating children with his life savings. The ancients still did. How should parents view the cultivation of children's self-improvement spirit today, and what role should parents play from it? Let's look at two stories first.

Edison came from humble origins and lived in poverty. His life's "education" is only three months of primary school. Because his teacher was always tongue-tied by his strange questions, he even told his mother that he was a fool and would have no future. Although Edison did not receive a good school education, he achieved great success with his personal struggle and extraordinary intelligence, self-confidence, self-reliance and self-reliance. Self-taught, he stood up from thousands of failures with perseverance, rare enthusiasm and energy, overcame countless difficulties and became an American inventor and entrepreneur. He invented the automatic telegraph and phonograph; Experiment and improve electric lights (incandescent lamps) and telephones. In his life, there was a new invention every 15 days on average, so he was called "the king of inventions".

Gates was born into an upper-class family in Seattle, the west coast of the United States, and his father was a famous local lawyer. Gates is an excellent student and is famous for his extreme individualism. According to one of his high school classmates, Gates once asserted that he would become a billionaire at the age of 25. 1970s, Gates and his partner paul allen, who were still studying at Harvard University at that time, designed an Altair BASIC interpreter for Altair 8800 computer. Altair is the first commercially successful personal computer, and BASIC language is an easy-to-learn computer programming language. The version of BASIC developed by Gates and Allen is the later version of Microsoft BASIC, which is also the basis of MS-DOS operating system and the key to Microsoft's early success. Microsoft Basic later became Microsoft QuickBasic, and gradually evolved into Visual Basic which is still popular today.

In the early 1970s, the young Gates/Kloc-0 wrote a famous "Open Letter to Enthusiasts", which shocked the computer world. Gates declared that computer software will be a huge commercial market, and computer enthusiasts are not allowed to copy computer programs without the consent of the original author. At that time, the computer industry was influenced by hacker culture, and thought that creativity and knowledge should be enjoyed by * * *. Gates then left the campus, founded one of the most successful enterprises in the world-Microsoft, and gradually industrialized the software.

However, Gates' business practices are often criticized, one of which is the source of MS-DOS. At the end of 1970, IBM planned to enter the personal computer market. In 198 1 year, IBM PC was officially listed. IBM needs to find a suitable operating system based on Intel x86 series processors for its products. IBM found Microsoft after a brief negotiation with another company. Microsoft, on the other hand, found Seattle Computer Company without telling itself that it was negotiating with IBM, and bought the operating system they developed from the company at a price of $50,000 (Microsoft supporters said that there was an agreement between Microsoft and IBM at that time, which stipulated that Microsoft should not disclose the contents of the negotiations to the outside world). Microsoft later authorized IBM to use the operating system (renamed PC-DOS). Microsoft also negotiated with other computer manufacturers to install the modified MS-DOS system on each new computer. Afterwards, Seattle Computer Company accused Microsoft of buying the company's products at a very low price without telling the facts, but the two sides finally reached an out-of-court settlement. In the late 1960s, a series of cases accused by the American government of Microsoft monopoly once again damaged Gates' reputation.

In the mid-1980s, Gates was optimistic about the future of CD-ROM as a data storage medium, so he actively promoted CD-ROM.

Gates was also accused of business misconduct. Gates has been accused many times that under his leadership, many of Microsoft's business practices violated American laws.

In 2000, Gates appointed his old friend Steve Ballmer as the CEO of Microsoft, and he was also the "chief software architect".

In private life, Gates married Melinda French on 1994 65438+ 10/0/. They have three children: Jennifer Catherine Gates (1996), Rory John Gates (1999) and Phoebe Adele Gates (2002).

Gates and his wife founded the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (Bill &; Melinda Gates Foundation. Critics believe that the foundation was established only to respond to negative public comments on Microsoft's monopolistic behavior. However, we should also see that no matter what the motivation, the foundation has made great contributions to providing scholarships for poor students and AIDS prevention and treatment.

In 2004, the British Foreign Office announced that Bill Gates would be awarded the Commander of the British Empire (KBE) by the Queen of England in recognition of his outstanding contributions to British enterprise development, employment, education and voluntary undertakings. KBE is the highest honorary title that the Queen can award to foreign citizens.

First, Tao Yuanming-don't bend over for five buckets of rice

The idiom "five buckets of rice don't bend over" is a metaphor for being upright and lofty. This idiom comes from Biography of Tao Qian in the Book of Jin. Five buckets of rice can't bend over, and boxing is evil for the small people in the village. Tao Yuanming, also known as Tao Qian, was the earliest pastoral poet in China. The reason why he can create many works with natural scenery and rural life as the theme is closely related to his experience and situation. In the autumn of 405 AD, in order to support his family, he came to Pengze, not far from his hometown, as a county magistrate. This winter, the county magistrate sent a tour to pengze county to bid. Du You, with low taste but some power, speaks with his mouth in front of the satrap. Du You, who was sent here this time, is a vulgar and arrogant person. As soon as he arrived at Penzer's guest house, he sent a county magistrate to call a county magistrate to see him. Tao Yuanming usually despises fame and fortune, refuses to obey orders, despises such a person who gives orders in the name of a higher level, but he wants to see it again, so he set off at once. Unexpectedly, the county magistrate stopped Tao Yuanming and said, "My Lord, Du, you should wear official clothes and a big belt, otherwise it will be indecent. Du, you take the opportunity to make a scene, which is not good for adults! " Therefore, Tao Yuanming couldn't stand it any longer. Sighed and said, "I can't bend over to the villains in the village for five buckets of rice!" " "He said, and simply took out the official seal, stamped it, immediately wrote his resignation letter, and then left Peng Ze, who had only been the county magistrate for more than 80 days.

Second, Yan Zili made Chu.

Yan Zi will go to Chu State. Hearing the news, the King of Chu said to the courtiers around him, "(Yan Ying) was a good talker in Qi, and now (he) is here. I want to humiliate him. What can I do? " The courtier replied, "When he comes, please let us walk past the king with people tied. The king asked, "What does he do?" I said,' He is from Qi. The king asked (again), "What crime have you committed?" I replied,' He committed theft.' "

Yanzi came to Chu, and the king of Chu invited Yanzi to drink. While he was drinking happily, he asked two people to tie a person to the king of Chu. The king of Chu asked, "What do people who are tied up do? (Tolerance) Answer: "(He) is a Qi person and committed theft. The king of Chu looked at Yan Zi and asked, "Are Qi people good at stealing?" ? "Yan Zi left his seat and replied," I heard that citrus grows in the south of Huaihe River, and bitter citrus reticulata grows in the north of Huaihe River, but the leaves are similar and the fruits taste different. Why is this happening? The soil and water conditions are different. This man grew up in the state of Qi and didn't steal anything. As soon as he arrived in Chu, he stole things. Does the soil and water of Chu make him like stealing? " The king of Chu smiled and said, "A saint can't joke with him. I'm asking for bad luck. "

Third, Yan Zi resigned as her daughter.

Yan Zi was eating when Qi Jinggong sent a special envoy. (Yan Zi) Divided the food and gave it to the envoys. As a result, the envoys did not have enough to eat, and Yan Zi did not have enough to eat. When the envoy came back, he told Qi Jinggong (about Yan Zi's poverty). Qi Jinggong exclaimed, "alas! Yan Zi's family is really as poor as (you said)! I don't understand, it's my fault. " Send someone on a business trip to send his daughter and tax, and let him support his guests with his daughter and city rent. Yan Zi didn't accept it. After many farewells, he politely declined to say, "My family is not poor. Thank you for your reward. Kindness has spread to my father's family, my mother's family and my wife's family, and extended to my friends to help the people. Your salary is rich enough, and my family is not poor. I've heard people say that they take rich rewards from the monarch and give them to the people. This is that courtiers, not monarchs, rule the people, and loyal courtiers don't do this; Taking a generous reward from the monarch but not giving it to the people is to put the property in a basket for your own use, which is not what benevolent people do; In North Korea, you will get rich rewards from the monarch. In the outward direction, we should not offend the scholars because of the reward from the monarch. After death, the property will be transferred to others. This is to accumulate property for ministers. Smart people don't do that. With clothes to wear and food to eat, you can avoid (all) troubles (as long as you are satisfied). "

Qi Jinggong said to Yan Zi, "In the past, our former monarch, Huan Gong, gave Guanzhong a land population of 500 miles, and he accepted it without refusing it. Why did you refuse to accept it? " Yan Zi replied: "I heard that smart people think too much and will inevitably make mistakes." Stupid people, after careful consideration, have their merits. I think it's Guan Zhong's fault and mine, right? So thanks again for not answering. "

Fourth, the study of China.

After graduating from middle school in China, he was forced to drop out of school because he could not afford the tuition. Back to my hometown, while helping my father to work, I continued to study and teach myself tenaciously. Soon, he was infected with typhoid fever and his life was dying. He stayed in bed for half a year, but after his illness, he left a lifelong disability-deformity of the left leg joint and limping. He was only 19 years old at that time. In that confused, confused and almost desperate day, he thought of Sun Bin behind Sun Tzu's Art of War. "The ancients can still be physically and mentally disabled. I'm only 19 years old, so there's no reason to give up. I want to replace my imperfect legs with a sound mind! " Young Hua is so tenacious in fighting against fate. During the day, he dragged his sick leg, endured severe joint pain and worked with crutches. In the evening, he taught himself late into the night under the oil lamp. 1930, his paper was published in Science magazine, which alarmed Professor Xiong Qinglai, head of the Department of Mathematics of Tsinghua University. Later, Tsinghua University hired Huawei as a teaching assistant. On the campus of Tsinghua University, where famous artists gather, Hua served as a teaching assistant in the Mathematics Department. He also taught himself English, German and French in four years and published ten papers. By the time he was 25 years old, he was already an internationally renowned young scholar.

Newton stood on the shoulders of giants.

Newton, known as the "father of mechanics", founded calculus in his twenties, discovered the spectrum and put forward the law of universal gravitation. But instead of taking the credit for himself, he said modestly, "If I see farther than Descartes, it is because I stand on the shoulders of giants." .

Sixth, Xu Beihong's rhetoric.

At the beginning of the 20th century, when Xu Beihong was studying in Europe, he met a foreigner who picked things up. The foreigner said, "China people are ignorant and have become the material of the conquered since they were born. Even if you send it to heaven for further study, you can't become a talent! " Xu Beihong replied indignantly: "Well, I represent my motherland and you represent your country. When you graduate from school, you will know who is a talent and who is a fool! " A year later, Xu Beihong's oil paintings were well received by French artists. After that, he won the first prize in many competitions. His solo exhibition caused a sensation in the whole Paris art world. Such amazing achievements are far beyond the reach of that foreigner.

Seven, come to dinner.

In the famine years of ancient times, a rich man stood a stall to give alms to porridge and rice. When they saw a stumbling man, they shouted, "Hey! Come and eat this! " That man is really a hungry and cold person; He came over, but he persisted and said firmly, "It is because I didn't eat this' hey, come and eat' that I came to this step; Now, that's it. Will I eat this again? ! "Say that finish, he strolled away again.

Eight, Wen Tianxiang's Song Zhengqi.

Wen Tianxiang was captured by the Yuan Army in the Southern Song Dynasty and sent to the North. He was forbidden to accept threats and inducements and suffered enough. He would rather die than surrender, leaving behind an awe-inspiring and inspiring Song of Justice, which shines on future generations.

Song Zhengqi

Heaven and earth are upright, in many ways. Below is the Yuehe River, and above is the sun star. People call it awe, which is overwhelming.

The road to the emperor should be clear, including the Ming court. When you are poor, you can see it, one by one. In the history of Qi Taishi Jane, in the east of Shanxi Hu Bi.

Chasing in Zhang Liang, Qin, and on Emperor Wudi's Day. As the head of General Yan, he is endowed with the blood of Ji. Raise your teeth for Zhang Xun and spit your tongue for Yan Changshan.

Or for Liaodong's hat and Qing dynasty. Li bingxue Or for a model, a crying hero. Or to cross the river and swallow Hu Jie generously.

Still want to hit a thief, the vertical head is broken. It takes qi as its power, and it lasts forever. When it runs through the sun and the moon, life and death are at peace.

The earth depends on it, and the Tianzhu depends on it. Three cardinal principles are life and morality is the root. To Li Yangjiu, the official tone is also ineffective.

Chu prisoners carry crowns, and carts send them to the poor north. Tripods are as sweet as cups and are hard to get. There is a jack-o'-lantern in the darkroom, and the spring courtyard is closed and dark.

Cattle and horses share a bar of soap, and chickens live in phoenix. Once it is foggy, it is divided into ditches and barren areas. If it is so hot and cold, it is easy to get rid of it.

Hey, I'm on the battlefield and I'm happy for my country. Is he clever? Yin He won't be a thief. I care about this. Look up at the clouds.

My heart is sad and the sky is extremely high. The days of philosophers are far away, and the punishment is over. Reading on the eaves of the wind, painting on the ancient road.

Nine, General Ye Ting's "Prison Song"

In the Southern Anhui Incident, General Ye Ting, commander of the New Fourth Army, was captured. He was cocky and never gave in, and wrote the famous "Prison Song": "The door where people came in and out was locked, and the hole where dogs climbed out was open. A voice shouted, "climb out and set you free!" I long for freedom, but I deeply know-how can a person's body climb out of a dog hole! "