What are futures?

The English name of futures is Futures, which evolved from the word "future". Its meaning is that the parties to the transaction do not have to deliver the physical goods at the early stage of the transaction, but agree to deliver at a certain time in the future.

Physical goods, so the Chinese call them "futures".

The initial futures trading developed from spot forward trading. The initial spot forward trading was an oral commitment by both parties to deliver a certain number of commodities at a certain time. Later, as the scope of transactions expanded, the verbal commitment was gradually replaced by a purchase and sale contract.

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This contract behavior became increasingly complex and required an intermediary guarantee to supervise on-time delivery and payment between buyers and sellers. As a result, the world's first commodity forward contract exchange, the Royal Exchange, opened in London in 1570, appeared.

In order to adapt to the continuous development of the commodity economy, in 1985 the Chicago Grain Exchange launched a standardized agreement called "futures contract" to replace the originally used forward contract.

The use of this standardized contract allowed contracts to be resold, and the margin system was gradually improved. As a result, a futures market specializing in the purchase and sale of standardized contracts was formed, and futures became an investment and financial management tool for investors.

The characteristics of futures are small and large, short buying and selling, making money in both directions, and the risks are very high. Therefore, my country is very cautious in opening up futures trading.

The speculation method of futures is very similar to that of the stock market, but there are very obvious differences.

1. Use small to win big Stocks are fully traded, that is, you can only buy as many stocks as you have, while futures are subject to a margin system, that is, you only need to pay 5% to 10% of the transaction amount to conduct 100% trading.

For example, if an investor has 10,000 yuan, he can buy 1,000 shares of a stock worth 10 yuan a share, and if he invests in futures, he can trade a commodity futures contract worth 100,000 yuan. This is using small to win big.

2. Two-way trading. Stocks are one-way trading. You can only buy stocks first and then sell them. Futures can be bought or sold first. This is two-way trading.

3. Time restriction: There is no time limit for stock trading. If you are trapped, you can close the position in the long term, but futures must be delivered at maturity, otherwise the exchange will forcefully close the position or deliver physical goods.

4. Actual profit and loss There are two parts to the return on stock investment. One is the market price difference, and the other is dividends. The profit and loss of futures investment is the actual profit and loss in market transactions.

5. Huge Risks Futures are characterized by high returns and high risks due to the margin system, margin call system and forced liquidation upon expiration. In a sense, futures can make you rich overnight.

It may also make you penniless in an instant, so investors should invest with caution.

Money Fund - a new financial investment product. Recently, the Southern Cash Profit Increase Fund has been launched in Mianyang. What is a money fund?

Many citizens are still confused.

Money market investment funds are financial products that are known as "can replace savings." So far, 10 money market funds have been issued on the market, and their after-tax annual returns are stable between 2.34% and 3.5%.

It is much higher than the 1.98% return of one-year bank time deposit. At the same time, it has more advantages than RMB financial management in terms of profitability, liquidity, risk, starting point, etc., so it is favored by many investors and is known as "

Quasi-savings”.

Money market funds are a type of open-end funds that invest only in money market instruments, including: cash, bank time deposits within one year (including one year), large certificates of deposit, and remaining maturity of 397

bonds with a maturity of one year (including three hundred and ninety-seven days), bond repurchases with a maturity of less than one year (including one year), central bank bills with a maturity of less than one year (including one year), recognized by the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the People's Bank of China

other money market instruments with good liquidity.

Therefore, it is almost equivalent to national credit, basically guaranteed to make no loss, and there is no interest tax.

In addition, money market funds have five major advantages: 1. The minimum purchase point is low, and you can subscribe with only 1,000 yuan.

2. No transaction fees.

All subscription and redemption transaction fees are waived.

3. High liquidity.

You can subscribe and redeem at any time, and you can usually get the money on the second day of redemption.

4. Dividends are distributed every day and compound interest returns.

Investment income is distributed daily, and cash income is automatically converted into fund shares on the 15th of each month, which is actually compound interest income.

5. Information transparency.

Daily announcement of income status is intuitive and timely.

At the same time, its income increased as the central bank increased interest rates.

Therefore, monetary funds with the characteristics of "worry-free principal, convenient current flow, and regular income" are very suitable for organizations and individuals who pursue low risk, high liquidity, and stable income.

Investors can go to banks or securities companies with agency qualifications to carry out subscription and redemption business with their valid documents (ID card, military ID card, passport).

The Concept of Options An option is the right to buy or sell a certain amount of a specific asset at a specific price at a specific time in the future.

Options trading is a trading of rights.

In futures options trading, after paying a fee (premium), the option buyer obtains the right from the option contract to buy or sell a certain amount from the option seller at a predetermined price (execution price) within the time specified in the contract.

Quantity futures contract rights.

After the option seller receives the premium paid by the option buyer, the option seller must unconditionally perform the obligations stipulated in the option contract as long as the option buyer requests to exercise his rights within the time specified in the contract.

In futures trading, buyers and sellers have equal rights and obligations.

Different from this, the rights and obligations of buyers and sellers in options trading are not equal.