First, the overseas CCRC community model for the aged

The CCRC model, represented by Sun City in the United States, is a new and advanced community model for the aged. Under the CCRC model, * * * divides the elderly into three types: self-care elderly people who can take care of themselves and have independent residences, intermediary elderly people who need help from others in their daily lives and intermediary elderly people who can't take care of themselves at all. Provide different types of services according to the different conditions of the elderly, and provide living facilities and services that integrate self-care, mediation and assistance. The community is well equipped with medical equipment and medical staff, as well as books and audio-visual reading rooms. This new mode of providing for the aged can make the elderly have better living conditions and quality of life in the community.

Family support for the aged

Family support for the aged, represented by Singapore and Japan, is a way that children are required by law to support their parents or the eldest son inherits the family property. This model is a combination of "providing for the aged at home" and "providing for the aged with children", and the elderly must be supported by their families. At the same time, the local government will introduce specific policies according to this situation to give certain funds and nursing staff support to the families responsible for supporting the elderly. China's traditional thought of "raising children to prevent old age" also came into being in this mode of providing for the aged.

time bank

the time bank pension model represented by Switzerland refers to the self-care elderly who are in good health and take care of the elderly who cannot take care of themselves and need help. Some responsible institutions in charge of this pension model will count the service time of the elderly, and the service time of the elderly will be deposited in their personal accounts in the social security system, and a "time bank card" will be issued to the elderly. When they need someone to take care of them, they can directly take out the card and use it. If the elderly can't use their stored "service time", the "time bank" will convert the time of voluntary service into a certain amount of money or material reward and return it to the elderly.

Intergenerational Learning Center

An organization in Seattle, USA is implementing the plan of Intergenerational Learning Center, which refers to the cooperation between nursing homes and kindergartens. Nursing homes have a fixed kindergarten open day every week, and kindergartens will organize children to participate in activities with the old people in nursing homes on the open day. In this way, the elderly can feel happy and energetic in the interaction with children, and at the same time, the kindergarten children can learn a lot of extracurricular knowledge.

Second, the domestic mode of providing for the aged

(1) Home-based care for the aged

This mode of providing for the aged is similar to the family-based care represented by Singapore and Japan mentioned above, which means that children bear the obligation to support and take care of their parents, so that the elderly can enjoy their old age at home instead of in the old-age care institutions. Influenced by traditional ideas, many elderly people have prejudice and resistance to nursing homes or nursing homes. They don't want to leave the familiar living environment and hope to live with their children. Most of these elderly people will choose the way of home-based care.

(2) Home-based community-based pension

This pension model skillfully combines family living with community-based services. Old people don't have to leave their familiar family environment to live in nursing homes, and they can get care and companionship from community members when their children can't take care of them. This model makes up for the shortage of family pension and makes full use of social resources.

(3) Providing for the Aged with Houses

Many elderly people who have real estate but have no children will choose to mortgage their real estate and exchange the same amount of money for the services of the old-age care institutions. This mode is called "providing for the aged with houses". However, after this model was piloted in 214, the effect was not satisfactory. Many elderly people believe that this pension model is a "scam". Under the influence of the traditional concept of providing for the elderly, many old people can't accept "providing for the elderly with housing".

Summary

There are great differences between domestic and foreign pension modes. Domestic elderly prefer to live with their children at home, while foreign pension modes are various, and some more humane ones are worth learning from.