The applications of genome sequencing in the plant field include: genome sequencing, transgenic technology, molecular marker-assisted breeding, single-cell sequencing technology, etc.

1. Genome sequencing

Genome sequencing is a method to obtain a complete genome sequence representation through sequencing technology. By obtaining the sequence of the plant genome, we can better understand the genome structure and function of the plant. Genome sequencing can reveal genetic differences between plants, analyze plant genes, explain functions and infer evolution, which is of great help to plant genetic improvement.

For example, through genome sequencing, a domestic scientific research team successfully screened the world's largest winter jujube germplasm resource bank and sequenced the genome of winter jujube. This classic agricultural genomics study allowed researchers to dig deeper into the genome information of winter jujube and provided a technical basis for fruit development.

2. Transgenic technology

Transgenic technology refers to the technical means of introducing exogenous genes into plants to change their genetic characteristics. Gene sequencing technology can be used to find some special genes in plants, so that they can be transferred to other plants to improve breeding methods.

For example, the thuringin film gene was added to rice to improve the adaptability of rice to drought, saline-alkali, low temperature and other stresses, thereby increasing the stress resistance of rice and making it more heat-tolerant and productive. higher.

3. Molecular marker-assisted breeding

Molecular marker technology refers to the search for genes with special genotypes at the DNA level. By analyzing the genetic variability of different parts of plant DNA, we can determine the specific gene loci related to a certain phenotype (such as disease resistance, tolerance, high yield) to quickly obtain the desired new varieties.

For example, it was found that certain genes in the mycorrhizal fungi in crops are related to salt-alkali tolerance, while crops that do not contain these genes have poor salt-alkali tolerance. Using molecular marker technology, plant materials that may contain relevant genes in certain plant varieties can be quickly screened, and subsequent selection and breeding can be carried out.

4. Single-cell sequencing technology

Single-cell sequencing technology can be used to detect the genome sequence of a single cell, avoiding the confounding effects in traditional biomics research. In plant breeding, single-cell sequencing technology can help scientists find plastids with widely differing gene expressions and gain a deeper understanding of the functions and regulatory mechanisms of these genes through further research.

In short, the application of gene sequencing technology in plant breeding has become an important research direction, so it can more accurately predict and breed valuable disease-resistant varieties and varieties that increase yield. However, it should also be continuously updated and improved during the continuous application process to improve the level of gene sequencing technology, so as to better serve the needs and interests of modern agriculture and humans.