At this time, many netizens are anxious why they don't produce more iron ore. Today we will talk about domestic iron ore in general.
Globally, the proven basic output of iron ore is about17 billion tons, mainly distributed in four countries, with 29% in Australia, 0/5% in Russia, 0/4% in Brazil and 0/2% in China. As one of the four largest iron ore reserves, China is not short of iron ore resources.
However, China's iron ore resources are different from those of Australia and Brazil. Man is a mountain, mined in the open air, with iron grade above 60%, and less than 50% is estimated to be thrown away as a stone. As for us, it's basically underground mining. In some mining areas, the operating platform is hundreds of meters or even kilometers underground, and the iron grade of the excavated ore is only 30% to 40%, which can not be eaten directly by the blast furnace. It needs secondary mining and purification to produce about 65% iron concentrate before it can be supplied to the blast furnace. This determines that our production cost is much higher than that of Australia and Brazil.
In 20 18, the mining cost of the three major mines in Australia was $ 15-25. What about the mining cost in China? More than 70 yuan. In other words, the ore price around April, including freight, has been earned by the three major mines, and the domestic market may not make much money.
Looking at domestic mine production, the cumulative iron ore output from 20 19 to 12 was 844.36 million tons, up 4.9% year-on-year. In terms of provinces, the iron ore output of Hebei, the world's largest steel province, is also far ahead. Among the top five, Hebei Province has 299.52 million tons, Liaoning Province has 65.438+25.67 million tons, Sichuan Province has 65.438+92.8 million tons, Shanxi Province has 57.82 million tons, and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has 33.24 million tons.
In 10, the domestic iron ore output went out of an inverted V-shape. 20 1 1, raw ore output 1.327 billion tons, 20 12, 13 1 100 million tons, 2013,65438. In the following five years, it began to decline gradually, and in 20 15, 20 16, 20 17, 20 18 and 20 19 years, it was1380,000 tons and/kloc-respectively.
And five years later, what will happen to China's crude steel output? 803.8 million tons in 20 15, 808.37 million tons in 20 16, 83170,000 tons in 20 17, 928.3 million tons in 20 18, and 20/kloc-0.
This also determines that domestic iron ore can not meet our own needs more and more. In 20 19, we imported 0.69 million tons of iron ore from abroad, including 665 million tons from Australia, 228 million tons from Brazil and 30819,000 tons from India.
Is there a future for domestic iron ore in China? Now, it is very difficult unless a huge open pit mine is found, as Australia did in the 1970s. The development of mines in China is limited by many factors, such as capital investment, environmental protection, safety and cost, and it is difficult to achieve rapid development. For example, investment has been in a downward trend for five consecutive years, and there are also many mines and mineral processing that have been shut down for environmental protection. On February 22, 65438, the news released by the State Administration of Mine Safety showed that 756 non-coal mines had been ordered to stop production and rectify since April.
Where is the development direction of domestic iron ore? It has been discussed in the steel planning, 1. Continue to promote the exploration of key metallogenic belts in China, and further explore the iron ore resources in China. 2. Support a number of existing domestic iron ore enterprises with strong competitiveness, improve mine management level and ecological environment through large-scale and intensive development, and strengthen the basic guarantee role of domestic mineral resources. 3. Encourage uncompetitive domestic iron ore enterprises to stop production and withdraw.