Most governments around the world focus on adopting policies and measures such as financial support, credit support, price protection, agricultural insurance, science and technology promotion, and ecological and environmental protection to protect agriculture.

Promote the development of agricultural economy.

One of the policies: Fiscal support Fiscal support for agriculture is the most direct indicator reflecting the level of agricultural protection.

In the process of developing market economies, governments of all countries attach great importance to using fiscal support policies to support agriculture, even capitalist countries with developed agriculture are no exception.

The main fiscal measures for promoting agriculture and agriculture include: increasing fiscal capital investment; implementing preferential agricultural taxation policies; implementing financial subsidies for grain and agriculture, etc., which are described below.

Increase financial investment.

Sufficient capital investment plays a very important role in the development of agriculture.

In developed countries, the implementation of various agricultural policies is backed by strong financial support.

Among various types of capital investment, financial investment accounts for a larger proportion.

Generally speaking, the proportion of agricultural investment in total investment in the United States, Japan and Western European countries is greater than the proportion of agricultural production in gross national product, while the proportion of industrial investment in total national economic investment is far lower than

The proportion of gross industrial production in gross national product.

The situation in various countries also shows that although the share of agriculture is relatively shrinking, the absolute amount of financial investment in agriculture does not shrink due to the decline in the share of agriculture in the national economy, but has increased significantly.

It can be said.

In developed countries, industry "subsidizes" agriculture, and investment policies are tilted towards agriculture.

Many developing countries also attach great importance to increasing investment in agriculture.

For example, in India, since the 1970s, the country has changed its policy of focusing on industry in investment and has increased investment in agriculture significantly. During the "Sixth Five-Year Plan" (1978-1983), rural construction and agricultural investment accounted for 43.1% of the total planned expenditure, exceeding

proportion of industrial investment.

From the perspective of the direction of agricultural financial investment, the approaches of various countries are basically the same: first, it is used for agricultural infrastructure construction, agricultural education, scientific research and technology promotion, resource development, utilization and protection, and rural public utilities; second, it is used for

Compensatory expenditures in agriculture are aimed at maintaining agricultural product price levels and agricultural income, specifically including price support, production restrictions, and export encouragement.

Foreign countries have many successful experiences in implementing fiscal policies to support agriculture and raising social funds to increase agricultural investment.

Take the United States as an example.

Agriculture has become one of the three main sectors for fiscal direct investment in the United States (the remaining two sectors are national defense and basic scientific research).

If federal, state, and local government agricultural expenditures are counted together, the agricultural budget is second only to defense spending in the federal budget.

In terms of the implementation of fiscal policy, it is characterized by the establishment of policy companies, and through financial assistance to policy companies and the development of company business, effective intervention in agricultural production, agricultural product markets and agricultural capital markets.

In addition to receiving government funding and complying with relevant policies and regulations, policy companies operate in accordance with the laws of the market economy, integrate government intentions and the market economy, and play an important role in the macro-control of agriculture.

In terms of raising funds to increase agricultural input, the United States also has many effective methods: (1) The federal government directly funds agricultural infrastructure construction, agricultural education, scientific research, technology promotion, etc.; (2) The federal government guides states and localities

The government supports agricultural development. For example, if Congress passes a law on the promotion of agricultural science and technology, the federal government will provide funds to states that accept the provisions of the law and establish agricultural science and technology promotion organizations; (3) Coordinate the use of fiscal policy and financial policy to give full play to the role of policy finance.

It uses a small amount of fiscal funds as the capital and operating expenses of policy banks, allowing policy banks to absorb and use a large amount of social funds to support agriculture; (4) pay attention to attracting private investment extensively; (5) use capital

The market raises funds to support agriculture, such as issuing bonds and stocks, charging reasonable fees, and selling public land. These measures have played a positive role in raising agricultural funds.

Implement preferential agricultural tax policies.

In order to reduce agricultural costs and improve competitiveness, the French government has implemented a series of preferential tax policies for agricultural development.

For example, farmers are given a 10% tax rebate for purchasing agricultural machinery.

The purchase of agricultural machinery fuel is tax-free and reduces social contribution fees by 9.5%.

Reduce agricultural land tax by 9%; provide land for young people to work in agriculture.

50% reduction in land tax for 5 years.