according to the established timetable, the national overall planning of basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees will be formally implemented early next year. This marks the 24th anniversary of the establishment of China's old-age insurance system for employees, and has finally stepped out of regional division and entered the era of national unity.
It is one of the important tasks of China's pension insurance system reform during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period to realize the overall planning of the basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees. This year, the Central Economic Work Conference once again proposed "promoting the overall planning of the national basic old-age insurance". Recently, the State Council has made special arrangements for the nationwide implementation of the basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees.
The spirit of the document "Overall Reform Plan of National Enterprise Employees' Basic Endowment Insurance" will be published soon. Earlier, Jin Weigang, vice president of China Social Security Society, also publicly stated that China will implement the national master plan of basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees (hereinafter referred to as the "national security plan") from January 222.
A number of experts said that the national overall pension insurance is the only way to build a fair and sustainable pension insurance system. After the overall implementation of the state, the endowment insurance fund can help each other all over the country, and the supporting capacity of the fund will be greatly enhanced. For the insured, the pension is more secure, the portability is greatly improved, and the gap of pension level between regions will also be narrowed.
is the national pension enough for our old age?
suppose your monthly salary is 1,, and you have paid the pension for 3 years continuously. The total payment is 1 million, and the individual contribution is 29,. Retire at the age of 6 and get 31 a month. To get back all the principal, you must live to be 87 years old.
among the five risks of social security in China, the funding gap of endowment insurance is the most concerned at present. According to the following, "the elderly have a sense of support" is initially understood as the funding gap of endowment insurance.
1. The gap of old-age insurance
Of course, it is like unemployment insurance, because few people know and register, and the requirements are strict, or like maternity insurance, both men and women pay, but basically only some women enjoy insurance, or like work-related injuries that can be reimbursed by work-related injury insurance, which cannot be reimbursed. There is no capital gap, and the annual capital surplus is still increasing year by year.
According to China Pension Development Report 212, the gap between income and expenditure of basic old-age insurance for urban workers in China was 67.9 billion yuan in 21 and 76.7 billion yuan in 211.
emphasize two points. One is "the basic old-age insurance for urban workers in China". The most important old-age insurance in China is the basic old-age insurance for urban workers, but not all of it. There are also rural basic old-age insurance and enterprise annuity, but the amount is relatively large. When it is weak, not a little, so I won't discuss it now.
the second is the income and expenditure gap, which emphasizes income and expenditure. China's current pension model is "pay as you go". What it really means is: if it weren't for the debts of the past, the situation would be even worse now!
2. Pay-as-you-go system
The current pension model in China is a pay-as-you-go system. To put it simply, we can only pay cash in the canteen downstairs.
In endowment insurance, unlike banks, the state helps you save money until you retire. The money will be provided to people who are retiring and receiving pensions.
The country, like everyone else, is fulfilling the responsibilities of making money for our sons and adopting parents. Therefore, there will be a gap between income and expenditure.
3. Population structure
Aging is developing very fast. In 1978, the ratio of on-the-job employees to retired employees in China was 3:1, that is, 3 on-the-job employees and 1 retired employee. In 1989, the ratio became 5.4:1. (The latest data is too lazy to find) This data is still declining, indicating that our pension pressure is getting bigger and bigger.
I believe everyone has their own experience. It is not surprising that a family has six or seven people, that is, six people raise one person. After family planning, not to mention the only child, it is three children, that is, three children and one child. It is not the same day and language.
will our generation be "old and helpless"? If we want to be able to rely on the elderly, our next generation must pay enough insurance money to support our retirement.
in fact, our generation is the most diligent. China has just reformed its system. It bears the cost of reform (low wages that have not been paid before), the cost of implementing family planning, and the pressure of raising several old people by one person.
4. Is the pension a scam? !
since July 213, Zhuhai has paid a minimum monthly fee of 63.5 yuan, which is 7,566 yuan a year. I only enjoy pension and medical care, because I also bear the part that the company should pay for personal contributions.
Zhuhai's deductible line is 7. If you want to enjoy maternity insurance, you have to find a company to link with, and the maximum reimbursement can be 85, but your own social security is close to this figure.
someone once calculated: suppose you have a monthly salary of 1, and have paid your pension for 3 years in a row. The total payment is: 1x28% x3x12 = 1,,. Yuan, and the individual contribution is 29,. Yuan.
If you retire at the age of p>6, you can get 31 yuan a month. Get the principal back in 27 years, pay attention! If you don't live to be 87, you won't get your principal back. What will happen if the price of delayed retirement rises?
have you started preparing for retirement? If not, then you may have fallen behind most people.
According to the relevant public opinion survey we conducted, nearly three-quarters of people said that they had already started to prepare for providing for the aged, indicating that the awareness of providing for the aged has already been deeply rooted in people's hearts.
But it is worth discussing whether these pension provisions can really fully meet a person's pension needs.
1 what are the retirement preparations?
When it comes to pension preparation, we must be familiar with "five insurances and one gold". This is the guarantee of our future. Endowment insurance is equivalent to putting money into our pension account. After retirement, you can get a sum of money every month to protect your old age. This money is called pension, also known as pension.
There are two conditions for receiving a pension: 1. Having paid social insurance for 15 years; 2. Retirement age. As long as we are alive, we can continue to receive the money.
But at present, the average replacement rate of social support in China is only 4%. It can be simply understood that your current salary is 1, so you can get 4 when you retire, and this replacement rate will increase with the increase of the proportion of the elderly. Increase or decrease, because at present, five young people raise one old man, and it is estimated that by 25, two young people will raise one old man, so plan the old man well in advance.
in addition to social security pension, there are two kinds of pension preparations to choose from, one is investment pension and the other is guaranteed pension.
2 Investment-oriented retirement preparation
As the name implies, investment-oriented retirement mainly refers to obtaining higher income through reasonable asset allocation, and relying on investment to enjoy old age. This way is suitable for those who pursue high-quality life in their later years, but they also have to bear the risk of investment losses accordingly.
We should learn to divide the money in hand into four categories: usable money, value-added money and life-saving money.
The money used mainly refers to the living expenses for 3-6 months. If there are large expenditures during this period, funds should be reserved in advance. This part of the funds can be deposited in money funds and demand deposits, and can be taken at any time.
Holding money mainly buys fixed-income products such as treasury bonds and pure bond funds, with stable income, almost no risk and a steady and relatively stable cash flow.
in this part of the value-added currency, we can use a simple law-8 law.
the so-called 8 law means that when we invest in wealth management, the proportion of funds that buy high-risk investment products such as partial stock funds should not exceed 8 years old, such as 4 years old, and the proportion of high-risk investment products we buy should not exceed (8-4)*1%=4%. As we get older, the proportion of high-risk products we buy will continue to decline.
finally, life-saving money. Although we are an investment-oriented pension preparation, we also need to configure insurance, mainly medical insurance and serious illness insurance. After all, it is normal to get sick with age, and we should take precautions in advance.
3 Guarantee the pension preparation
Ensure that the pension preparation is much more stable. When I was very young, I began to configure commercial insurance such as medical insurance and serious illness insurance for myself, so that I had no worries.
in addition, in order to have a steady stream of pension funds, it is necessary to supplement the pension annuity insurance.
annuity, a cash flow with fixed frequency. Annuity insurance, on the other hand, is an insurance that generates cash flow at a fixed frequency, which has the characteristics of timing, quantification and orientation. Pension annuity insurance is an annuity insurance for the purpose of providing for the aged.
the life-long pension annuity insurance has the function of locking in the life-long interest rate, and the appreciation of its compound interest is doomed: as long as the time is long enough, the wealth will be divided up with the passage of time. Variable growth. Just like a set of "financial houses" that can "collect rent" at any time, so that assets can realize stable appreciation. You can continue to receive an annuity after retirement and enjoy your old age.
In addition, life annuity insurance has the following three advantages:
1. Safety and stability
There is a strong supervision behind annuity insurance, supported by insurance guarantee funds, and the funds are safe and secure. You can receive the annuity at the time agreed in the contract, which can provide you with stable and continuous cash flow in the future.
2. Clear return
Annuity insurance has cash value. The amount received corresponds to how much money can be received in the future. The income is locked in advance and written into the insurance contract to ensure the income.
3. Receive for life
After paying the premium according to the contract, the insured can wait for the income to "arrive", just like our social support fee, and can receive it for life (generally until the age of 15) as a pension subsidy.
of course, it also has disadvantages. The flexibility of annuity insurance is very poor, and there is a risk of losing the principal if you surrender because of urgent need of money.
generally speaking, it takes more than 2 years for the cash value to exceed the total premium. Therefore, this money, like the company's insurance, is generally received after retirement.
in addition, you need to pay attention to the principal-guaranteed collection of annuity insurance. Annuity insurance generally promises a guaranteed payment period of 1-2 years. Pay attention to the designation of beneficiaries to avoid disputes.
for example, if you get a 2-year guarantee, you only get 7 years and 13 years of annuity. The insurance company will give the beneficiary a one-time payment to avoid the embarrassment of this person's long absence.
4 Conclusion
Writer Wang Zengqi said: "People will always get old, but try to get old slowly." When we were young, we always wanted to run as fast as possible to see higher mountains and deeper seas. But have you ever thought about what kind of life you want to live when you are old?
if you want a well-configured insurance plan, you can find a professional insurance broker to provide services for yourself. You can search for Baibaojun on Baidu. There are excellent professional insurance brokers in China to choose from on Baibaojun platform.