Although in 1523, the main bourbon family was deprived of title and territory because its Duke Charles III was suspected of treason. However, after more than 200 years of reproduction, its bourbon branch has also won many other titles. And Lamache-Vend branch (La Marche-Vend? Me) will become the main axis of the bourbon royal family in the future.
Since 1523, the title of Bourbon has been vacant due to the dispute over the heir, and its assets are temporarily owned by the French royal family. 1527, French king Francois I awarded the title of Bourbon Principality and Duke to Charles, Duke of Vendom. Since then, the Lamache-Vendom branch has acquired the Bourbon Principality, which is also an important capital for the Bourbon family to win the French throne in the future.
Henry IV, the son of King Charles III of Navarra, and Antoine de Bourbon, the ninth-generation Duke of Bourbon, married Chulanna Debrett, Queen of Navarra, on 1548+ 10/2. Their eldest son, Henri de Bourbon, inherited the kingdom of Navarra after his mother died in 1572. It was King Henrik III of Navarra, and the Bourbon family entered the kingdom from then on. Although the territory of Navarra was only a small part of its heyday at this time, it was enough to become an important base for the Bourbon family to compete for the French throne in the future.
When Henry de Bourbon was in Navarra, he joined the Protestant Huguenot Sect with his mother. Because of Henry's aristocratic status in France, he became the leader of Huguenots in France when he succeeded Navarra to the throne. Together with other branches of the Bourbon family, there was a dispute with the Burgess family, which dominated French politics and was dominated by Catholic fanatics. Henry was inevitably involved in the brutal French religious war. In order to protect himself, Henry converted to Catholicism several times, but he remained loyal to Huguenots in private.
The religious war not only captured a large number of French civilian casualties, but also indirectly led to the decline of the valois-Ang Gulaim family. The three sons of Henry II, the second monarch of the Ang Gulaim dynasty, all became French kings, among whom Fran?ois II and Charles IX died young. Their younger brother Henry III succeeded to the throne, and the youngest brother Fran? ois, Duke of Arancon, became the Crown Prince. 1584, Crown Prince Fran? ois was assassinated. According to Salik's inheritance law, the French throne can only be passed on to the male descendants of hugues capet, and the Bourbons are the first heirs. Henri de Bourbon became the legal heir to the French throne, was placed under house arrest by the French court and was sheltered by the royal family.
Henri de Bourbon's Huguenot background aroused the dissatisfaction of many French Catholics, and his road to France was full of crises. On the other hand, Bourbon-Busset, another branch of Bourbon family, is closer to the ruling valois-OnGulaim family than Ramarsh-Vendome, to which Henry belongs. . [Source Request] Only the ancestor of the Bousette branch was disqualified from inheriting the throne because his marriage was not approved by French King Louis Xi. But in the end, after Henry III was assassinated in 1589, Henri de Bourbon succeeded in becoming the French king. The kingdom of Navarra was also incorporated into France, and King Navarra became one of many titles of successive French kings.
After Henry IV ascended the throne, he took the initiative to end the religious war that had plagued France for many years and enabled the French economy to recover. 1598, Henry iv issued the edict of Nantes, which implemented the policy of religious tolerance, so that many Protestant craftsmen stayed in France and promoted the prosperity of the French economy. However, Henry IV's religious tolerance policy ended with his death.
/kloc-in 0/700, Carlos II, the last male of the Habsburg royal family in Spain, died, ending the Habsburg family's rule over Spain for five generations. Carlos II's will passed the throne to his nephew Philip, the Duke of Sun Anju, the second French king of Bourbon family, Louis XIV, instead of his Austrian cousin. Louis XIV immediately put his second grandson, King Felipe V of Spain, on the Spanish throne. However, his tough stance of defending the inheritance rights of his grandchildren led to the outbreak of the Spanish succession war in 1702.
The war lasted until 17 1 1 year. At this time, the Bourbon royal family had established a firm foothold in Spain and expressed their willingness to provide trade preferences and guarantees for British and Dutch businessmen, which led to the collapse of the Habsburg Alliance. 17 14 years, the two countries signed a peace treaty, and the Austrian Habsburg royal family recognized the Bourbon royal family as Spain, but Philip V and his descendants had to give up the right to inherit the French throne. Since then, the Bourbon royal family in Spain and France has officially separated, which also opened the homepage of Bourbon royal family's intermittent rule in Spain for more than three centuries.
The period of religious tolerance in France passed away with the death of Henry IV, and then the Bourbon monarch resumed the oppression of Protestants, resulting in a large number of Huguenot craftsmen leaving France. Coupled with the luxury of royal life, the country used troops for years, which led to the gradual decline of the French economy. Along with the economic recession, there are social contradictions, unfair tax system, government corruption, the privilege of the Roman Catholic Church, and serious land annexation, which all increase the social instability in France. The American War of Independence gave rise to the thoughts of democracy and enlightenment in France and became the catalyst of the French Revolution.
1789, due to the financial problems of the French royal family, King Louis XVI of France was forced to reopen the three-tier parliament, but the request for tax increase was rejected, which led to the armed struggle between the French bourgeoisie and the royal family. At first, the bourgeois representatives only changed the state system from absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy, but they were also opposed by European powers and then took the opportunity to invade France. At this time, Marie Antoinette, the queen of Louis XVI, was suspected of informing her family about Austria, which caused great public outrage. Bourbon dynasty was finally overthrown by the people's uprising in Paris in August 1792. Finally, Louis XVI became the only monarch in French history who was guillotined in1June+2/year1October, 793.
After Louis XVI was executed, some royalists claimed that their eldest son, Prince Louis? Charles is the French King Louis XVII of France. But at that time, France was already a republic, and this idea had no practical effect. However, Louis XVII of France of France did not survive the French Revolution and died in prison on 1795 at the age of 10. Since then, Louis XVI's younger brother, Count Provence in exile in Russia, has become the heir to the throne.
The imperfect government system during the French Revolution created the French people's emperor Napoleon. But the hegemony of France and Napoleon did not last long. 18 14 years, Napoleon fell, and the Earl of Provence, who was exiled in Britain, returned to his own country and became King Louis Stanislas Xavier of France with the welcome of the new wealth of the French anti-Napoleonic army. Under the pressure of the army and the bourgeoisie, Louis Stanislas Xavier was forced to accept a liberal constitution.
However, the good times did not last long. Napoleon returned to Paris in March of 18 15 to rebuild his empire and establish the Hundred Days Dynasty. Louis Stanislas Xavier escaped. After the Battle of Waterloo, Louis Stanislas Xavier was restored. And he and his brother Charles X have been committed to maintaining the power of the royalists in Congress. Some policies during the French Revolution were also abolished by the two men because they were considered to be inclined to liberalism. These actions made the Bourbon dynasty lose the hearts of the people, and finally led to the July Revolution of 1830.
Charles X's conservative policy finally provoked a revolution in 1830. At that time, King Charles X of France tried to implement the law of repression and triggered a rebellion, which was known as the "July Revolution". After the Great Revolution, the French Parliament made Louis Philippe III, Duke of Orleans, the eighth grandson of Philip, the second son of King Louis XIII of France, and officially named him "King of France". Because he took Bourbon-Orleans as his surname, his July dynasty was also called Bourbon-Orleans dynasty.
Louis Philippe took the middle route, but he still couldn't solve the problem of the continuous decline of the French economy. 1846' s industrial and agricultural depression led to 1848' s February revolution, forcing him to abdicate. Since then, no Bourbon royal family or its branch members can rule France, and the Bourbon dynasty in France officially came to an end.
1830 after the revolution, Charles X was forced to abdicate. But the royalists who supported him refused to recognize this decision and continued to regard him and his descendants as French kings. 1848 After Louis Philippe abdicated, his supporters continued to support him and his descendants to become kings of France. Therefore, the French royalist party split into two factions supporting different princes in the north. One is the main faction supporting Charles X and his descendants (Légitimisme) and the Orlean faction supporting Louis Philippe.
The grandson of Charles X, Earl Henry Charles Ferdinand Dieudon de Bourbon, died. According to the French law of succession based on Salik, the right to the throne should be given to the closest cousin of Count Chamberlain. Ironically, this role was Philip, the Earl of Paris, the leader of the branch of Orleans at that time. Patriarchal supporters didn't want to merge with Orleans, so they did not hesitate to deny the legality of the decision of King Philip V of Spain to give up the right to inherit the French throne, and set up the earl's cousin in Spain. Carlos of Spain sent Juan Carlos Maria Isdura de Bourbon, the Earl of mortensen, as its leader.
Because the legitimacy of Count Mortison's succession to the French throne was questioned, many mainline royalists turned to support the Orleans branch. In addition, Alfonso Carlos de Bourbon, the great-grandson of Count Mortison, died childless in 1936, and the unpopular Spanish king Alfonso XIII became the leader of the main line, making the Orliang branch the mainstream of Bourbon royalists.
Today, the religious leaders are Luis Alfonso Gonzalo Victor Emmanuel Kyle de Bourbon-Martinez, Duke of Anjou, the eldest grandson of Zhan Mu de Bourbon, the second son of Alfonso XIII, the Spanish Bourbon dynasty. Henri Philippe Pierre Maria de Bourbon, the Earl of Paris, is the leader of the Orlean School and the sixth descendant of French King Louis Philippe.