The intermediary business of commercial banks. Broadly speaking, the intermediary business of commercial banks refers to the business that does not constitute on-balance sheet assets or on-balance sheet liabilities of commercial banks and forms non-interest income of banks. 1. Definition: In broad terms, the intermediary business of commercial banks refers to the business that does not constitute on-balance sheet assets or liabilities of commercial banks. The on-balance sheet assets and on-balance sheet liabilities of commercial banks are businesses that generate non-interest income for banks. It includes two major categories: intermediary businesses that do not form contingent assets or contingent liabilities (i.e., financial services businesses in a general sense) and businesses that do not form contingent assets or liabilities. Intermediary business with contingent assets and contingent liabilities (ie, off-balance sheet business in a general sense). my country's intermediary business is equivalent to off-balance sheet business in a broad sense, and it can be divided into two major categories: financial services business and off-balance sheet business. . Financial services business refers to various businesses that commercial banks handle as agents for the purpose of obtaining fee income, including: payment and settlement business, bank card business, agency intermediary business, and fund custody. Business and consulting business. Off-balance sheet business refers to those operating activities that are not included in the balance sheet, but are closely related to the on-balance sheet asset business and liability business, and will be converted into on-balance sheet asset business and liability business under certain conditions. . Mainly includes three major categories: guarantees or similar contingent liabilities, commitment business and financial derivatives business. 2. Distinguish between intermediary business and off-balance sheet business. Intermediary business in a broad sense is equivalent to off-balance sheet business in a broad sense, and it can be divided into two major categories. , financial services business in a narrow sense and off-balance sheet business in a narrow sense. In daily work, what we call intermediary business is the broad sense of intermediary business in accordance with the provisions of the People's Bank of China, and off-balance sheet business refers to the narrow sense reflected from the perspective of accounting standards. Off-balance sheet business. Therefore, according to the traditional business and development of commercial banks, the business of commercial banks can be divided into three categories: asset business, liability business and intermediary business, or it can be divided into asset business, liability business, intermediary business and balance sheet business. Classification of the four major types of commercial bank intermediary business: 1. Payment and settlement intermediary business: Payment and settlement business refers to the charging business related to currency payment and fund transfer that is handled by commercial banks for customers due to creditor-debt relationships. 1) Settlement tools. The main settlement tools used for settlement business include bank drafts, commercial drafts, cashier's checks and checks. 1. Bank drafts are issued by the issuing bank and are paid unconditionally to the recipient according to the actual settlement amount when the bill is presented. 2. A commercial bill is a bill issued by the drawer and authorizes the payee to unconditionally pay a determined amount to the payee or holder on a specified date. Commercial bills are divided into bank acceptance bills and commercial bills. Acceptance bill. 3. A cashier's check is a bill issued by a bank that promises to unconditionally pay a determined amount to the payee or holder upon presentation. 4. A check is issued by the drawer and is entrusted with the check deposit business. A bank unconditionally pays a determined amount to the payee or holder when the bill is presented. (2) Settlement methods, mainly including intra-city settlement methods and remote settlement methods. 1. Intermediary remittance business is carried out by the payee. A settlement business that entrusts a bank to remit money to a payee in another place. Remittance settlement is divided into three forms: wire transfer, letter transfer and draft transfer.

2. Collection business refers to a settlement method in which creditors or sellers issue bills of exchange to foreign debtors or buyers in order to collect payment from them, and entrust a bank to collect the money on their behalf.

3. Letter of credit business is a written guarantee document issued by a bank to the beneficiary based on the request and instructions of the applicant, containing a certain amount of money and payment at a designated place within a certain period of time against specified documents.

(3) Other payment and settlement services, including fund transfer and clearing using modern payment systems, transfers using internal and external banks’ networks, and other services.

2. Bank Card Business Intermediate Business Bank cards are credit payment instruments issued to the society by authorized financial institutions (mainly commercial banks) with all or part of the functions of consumer credit, transfer settlement, cash deposits and withdrawals, etc.

The classification of bank card business generally includes the following categories: (1) Based on the repayment method, bank card business can be divided into credit card business, quasi-credit card business and debit card business.

Debit cards can be further divided into debit cards, dedicated cards and stored value cards.

(2) Depending on the currency used for settlement, bank cards can be divided into RMB card business and foreign currency card business.

(3) According to different use objects, bank cards can be divided into corporate cards and personal cards.

(4) According to different carrier materials, bank cards can be divided into magnetic cards and smart cards (IC cards).

(5) According to the different credit levels of the users, bank cards can be divided into gold cards and ordinary cards.

(6) According to the scope of circulation, bank cards can also be divided into international cards and regional cards.