Fund is a common investment tool for individual investors, with generally low investment threshold and flexible redemption. Compared with stocks, the investment risk of funds is smaller, but the income and risk gap of different types of funds is still very large. So how many types of funds are there? The following are the types of funds organized by Bian Xiao 20021_ three essentials and three don 'ts for fund investment. I hope I can help you.
What are the types of 202 1 funds?
1 IMF
Funds that invest only in money market instruments are called money funds. Common money market instruments include bank time deposits, commercial promissory notes and acceptance bills.
These investment targets have strong liquidity and high security, so the income of money funds is relatively stable and the risk is relatively low, but the rate of return is generally low. At present, the expected rate of return of the money fund is about 2.5% on average.
2 bond funds
More than 80% of the assets of bond funds are invested in bonds, while pure debt funds 100% are invested in bonds. Because part of the funds of bond funds are invested in stocks, the risks and benefits are slightly higher than those of money funds.
3 stock funds
More than 80% of the assets of bond funds are invested in stocks, which fluctuates greatly, so most of the stock funds belong to medium and high risks.
4 hybrid funds
Hybrid funds invest in three markets at the same time: stocks, bonds and goods, but the investment ratio is flexible and there are almost no restrictions. The risk return is relatively moderate, the risk is generally lower than that of stock funds, and the expected return is mostly higher than that of bond funds.
5 index fund
Stock index can reflect the overall price level of the stock market, and index funds buy exactly the same basket of stocks according to the rules of index, so index funds can also be counted as a special stock fund.
6FOF
FOF takes the fund as the investment target, so it is also called the fund in the fund.
Three elements of fund investment
1 Investors should know their own risk-taking types in advance. Generally, when you buy a fund for the first time, the fund company will ask you to do a risk questionnaire and answer truthfully. According to your own achievements and basic information, you will divide the types of investors into five levels: conservative, steady, balanced, growth and enterprising, and then match the products rated by the fund and buy the corresponding funds.
Know in advance whether the fund is an active fund or a passive fund. Generally, index funds are passive funds, which follow the market trend, while stock funds and hybrid funds are active funds, which are managed by fund managers. Passive funds, because they only need to follow the general trend of the market, the index will rise and fall, and the management fee is relatively low, which has always been highly praised by Buffett, but the index has fallen by 10% and also by10%; Active funds are managed by fund managers, so if the fund managers are excellent and well managed, they may outperform the index in the bull market and fall a little in the bear market.
3 to buy a fund, you must learn to stop loss and take profit. Although we all say that we should invest for a long time, if our mentality is unstable, we can easily redeem it when we adjust it, and we can easily ignore it when we rise. So, if that's the case, it's best to set a take profit line for yourself. I just need to simply remember a common sense: if the average annualized rate of return of my wealth management products does not reach the current fixed rate of return, it is actually a loss!
Three Don 'ts of Investment Funds
1 Don't follow the trend to buy funds. Many small partners actually don't know much about funds. They listen to who says which fund is good and buy it, but they don't know when the other party will sell it or change it. If the performance of fund products is good, that's nothing. If the fund's performance is not good in the later period, do you blame yourself or others? Some partners may say that they will not check. It's simple. On platforms such as Tian Tian Fund Network, we will compare and choose the best fund in our mind.
Don't value short-term performance. Buying a fund is to exchange time for money. If a fund product has a good performance in one year, it will often fail in the second year, because it is a sprint at that time, and ordinary investors are not so powerful. You can set a short-term rhythm, unless you watch a fund with good performance in three or five years win the Golden Bull Award, you can also buy it.
Don't buy funds whose plates are too small. In the first quarter of this year, 35 funds have been liquidated, because if the liquidation foundation is very passive, waiting for its own money to be returned or redeemed in advance, it will lose some time and opportunities.
Most people who invest in funds have long-term preparation, because long-term investment can add value to funds and overcome short-term fluctuations. Generally speaking, the stock market fluctuates greatly in the short term, but if the investment time is long enough, the risk of short-term fluctuation can be avoided, and the stock selection and operation of professional fund managers have a better chance of winning in the long run.