Li Hui'an: Agricultural Industrialization and Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation December 3, 2005 15:25 Nongbo.com Li Hui'an Consultant and Researcher of the Agricultural Industrialization Office of the Ministry of Agriculture 1 Judgment of the current situation of agricultural industrialization management About agricultural industrialization management
Concept: Agricultural industrialized management refers to the integration of pre-production, mid-production and post-production aspects of agriculture through profit mechanisms, based on rural household contract management, guided by market demand, and driven by various types of leading organizations.
A new form of production and operation organization based on centralized management.
It is an innovation in my country’s agricultural management system.
It is an important way to realize my country's agricultural modernization.
It is one of the important measures to solve the "three rural" problems and an important measure in the construction of new countryside.
Since the rise of agricultural industrialization in the early 1990s, after 15 years of development, my country's agricultural industrialization has shifted from partial exploration to comprehensive advancement, forming a new pattern of scale expansion and field extension. .
(By the end of 2004, the number of leading agricultural industrialization organizations had reached 114,000, with total fixed assets of 809.9 billion yuan and total sales revenue of 1,426.1 billion yuan, an increase of 70.9%, 91.7% and 141.7% respectively over 2000. It has driven 84.54 million rural households. An increase of 41.8% from 2000. The average income of farmers from agricultural industrialization operations increased by 1,202 yuan per household, an increase of 302 yuan from 2000. From the perspective of the development of the agricultural industry chain, the formation of this "new pattern" is closely related to the development stage of the agricultural industry chain. Closely related, its main characteristics are: agricultural industrialization management has gradually entered the industrial integration and development period from the industrial cultivation and development period in the 1990s. Practice has proved that the development of the industrial chain into the integrated development period has effectively improved agricultural industrialization management. level, which has improved the international competitiveness of my country's agricultural industry, highlighted in the following aspects: (1) Through industrial integration, leading industries have been highlighted, forming multi-level, multi-type regional or cross-regional superior agricultural product industry belts and advantages. Agricultural product industry cluster. - Led by large and medium-sized agricultural industrialization leading enterprises and based on agricultural product raw material production bases, it has driven the majority of farmers to form an advantageous agricultural product industry with regional layout, specialized production, large-scale operation, and corporate management. The belt has laid a good foundation for realizing agricultural modernization (for example: the coastal area has formed an industrial belt of superior aquatic products and horticultural products, the central region has formed an industrial belt of high-quality special agricultural products such as grain and oil, and the western region has formed an industrial belt of characteristic agricultural products.) (Example: From Linhe in the west of Inner Mongolia to Chifeng in the east, a feed corn planting belt of more than 10 million acres and a dairy industry belt of more than 1.5 million cows are formed) - Taking counties and cities as regions and supported by a number of small agricultural product processing enterprises to form advantages Agricultural product processing enterprise clusters transform resource advantages into industrial advantages and commodity advantages (for example: flowers in Wuling County, Henan, seed industry in Gucheng County, Hubei, chestnuts in Luotian County, Hubei, etc.) - to promote the development of the agricultural product processing industry. Jilin Province as an example) (2) Agricultural science and technology innovation is promoted through science and technology integration - mainly reflected in agricultural science and technology innovation, including agricultural science and technology system and mechanism innovation, agricultural science and technology means innovation and scientific and technological achievement innovation, through agricultural science and technology innovation. Scientific and technological innovation has gradually promoted the integration of agricultural production, academia and research. (3) Through the integration of relevant links within the industrial chain, an agricultural industry organization for integrated management of agricultural products has been formed - the innovation of industrial organization mechanisms has gradually formed a relatively stable agriculture. Industrial organization model (company + farmers "accounting for 43.6% of the total", intermediary organizations + farmers "accounting for 36.4% of the total", professional wholesale market + farmers "accounting for 9.3% of the total") - the integration of interest relationships in relevant links, in the industrial chain Leading enterprises and farmers have gradually formed an interest linkage mechanism based on contracts, with cooperatives, joint-stock cooperatives and other forms of coexistence (including: contract accounting for 51.9%, cooperation accounting for 12.6%, and stock cooperation accounting for 13.3%. %, other methods accounted for 22.2%) - Promoted farmers' income increase (through price adjustment, profit return, series of services, etc., so that farmers can benefit; at the same time, farmers' employment opportunities have been broadened.
) (4) Through capital integration, a large number of large and medium-sized leading agricultural industrialization enterprises have been cultivated.
——By using capital operation methods such as mergers, acquisitions, holdings, equity participation, leasing, and strategic alliances, a large number of large-scale leading agricultural industrialization enterprises have been formed.
(Take Jiangsu Yurun and Sichuan Sihai as examples) - Entering the capital market.
Some agricultural product processing companies have gone public.
For example, there are currently 63 agricultural listed companies across the country, and in recent years they have raised more than 21 billion yuan in funds from the capital market (taking Inner Mongolia as an example).
——Promoted the opening up of agriculture to the outside world.
In 2004, leading enterprises earned US$20 billion in foreign exchange from exports, tripling that of 2000.
(5) Through market integration, a large number of famous brand products have emerged.