The emperor is the supreme ruler of ancient countries, with some special names and titles.
1, emperor
Tian Zi (from Shang Dynasty), Emperor (from Qin Shihuang) and Long Live (originally for celebration, used by emperors after Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, dedicated to the Song Dynasty). The emperor's self-name: United, widowed, lonely, widowed, and applied to one person, sometimes using "I" or "I".
2. Empress Dowager Tai
The emperor's grandmother, the emperor usually calls her the emperor's grandmother. Call yourself my palace (to ministers and minions) and love my family (the emperor called himself after his death). Tai Huang, or "Tai Mu" for short, was the official title of the ancient emperor of China, and was the legitimate grandmother of the monarch at some times in East Asia. In some dynasties, Empress Dowager, Empress Dowager and Empress Dowager were all variations of Empress Dowager.
Step 3 cross
That is, the prince, the ancient word "Shi" is synonymous with "Tai".
4. Empress
The title of the emperor's wife began in the Qin dynasty, and successive dynasties attacked each other.
5. Concubine: the general term for empresses. Tang Du Mu's A Fang Gong Fu: "My concubine, your grandson, resigned from the downstairs and came to Qin." Emperors of past dynasties had many concubines.
6. Noble people
The title of female official concubine in the palace. Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty was founded, ranking second only to the empress. Since then, its name has been used by generations, but its status is not the same. For example, under the nobles of the Qing Dynasty were imperial concubines, imperial concubines, concubines and concubines.
7.toffee
The widow of the late emperor. In the Qing Dynasty, the concubines left by the emperor's grandfather or father were called imperial concubine and imperial concubine respectively.
8. Hui Fei, Li Fei and Hua Fei
The female official name in the palace is also the title of the emperor's concubines. When Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty started the new century. "Preface to the Biography of Empresses in the Old Tang Dynasty" During the Kaiyuan period, "Hui Fei, Li Fei and Hua Fei stood under the queen, and their wives were the first class."
9. Beauty
The female official name in the palace is also the title of the emperor's concubines. It was first set in the Western Han Dynasty. It is said that there are fourteen concubines in the Han Palace, and the beauty ranks fifth. From then on until the Ming dynasty, there was a good name in the court.
10, widowed small army
The humble words of the ancient monarch's wife to the princes. Under the Book of Rites Quli: "The wife calls herself the son of heaven and says she is an old woman; Claiming to be a vassal, I am widowed. " Later, the subjects also humbly called their monarch's wife a widowed monarch in other countries.
Zhao Yi 1 1
The female official name in the palace is also the emperor's concubine. Emperor Han Yuan began to set up. In the Han Dynasty, concubines ranked 14 below the empress, and Zhao Yi was the first. "One position depends on the prime minister, and one position wins the princes." Although this name is often used in later generations, its status is different.
Jieyang 12
It's also a gem. The female official name in the palace is also the emperor's concubine. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty began to establish. There were Zhao Jieyu and Yin Jieyu. Jieyu ranked second among the fourteen concubines in the Han Dynasty. Later generations (before the Ming Dynasty) all used this name, but their status was different.
13, inner master
Appellations of wives of governors in the pre-Qin period. Descendants are sometimes called queens. "Emperor Wu of Jin Amnesty Queen": "Whoever punishes all the people with courtesy will be the master."
Yuan Fei, Yuan Di 14
The title of the wife of a monarch or vassal Pei Yuan. "Zuo Zhuan" refers to the year A.D.: "When Hui Fei Mencius died, her heir was a phonon, and she gave birth to a hidden man." ?
Pei Yuan Hou Yuan 15
The emperor's wife, Queen Yuan Pei. "Biography of Empresses of Ming Taizu II": "When Mu Zong ascended the throne, the courtiers suggested:' The Empress of Filial Piety, a great emperor, should be buried together in the temple. "?
16, magnetic lake, magnetic tail
Used as a courtesy title for the emperor's mother or queen. Song Fan Chengda's poem "The Head of Wu Bingdong Palace" says: "There are two pots of kindness in the morning, and there are sages in the poem." ?
17, Zhonggong
The queen's residence is called the queen.
18, Bank of China
Another name for the queen. In ancient times, men were called Yang and women were called Yin, so the empresses of emperors were called Guoyin.
19, royal wife
The emperor's wife, also known as "imperial daughter" and "female royal", is under the living daughter. "The Book of Rites": "The ancients had six palaces, three wives, nine wives, twenty-seven wives and eighty-one royal wives; In order to obey the rule of the world. " ?
20. Queen
The title of queen or princess.
2 1, Kun Ji
Another name for the queen. "The History of Empress Liang in the Later Han Dynasty": "Liang Xiaogui is worthy of heaven, and he is in the extreme."
22.princess
Used as a title for an emperor's concubine and the wife of a prince, king and Hou.
23. concubines
The emperor's concubines are second only to the queen and have a higher position among all concubines.
24. concubine
A general term for empresses. Tang Du Mu's A Fang Gong Fu: "My concubine, your grandson, resigned from the downstairs and came to Qin." Emperors of past dynasties had many concubines. "The Book of Rites": "The ancients had six palaces, three wives, nine wives, twenty-seven wives and eighty-one royal wives; In order to obey the rule of the world. "
Qin Shihuang destroyed the six countries and collected all the maids to enrich the palace; There are four levels of concubines of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty: Zhao Yi and Jieyu. Sima Yan has nearly ten thousand maids; Kangxi has fifty-one concubines. ?
25 wives, 9 wives
The female official name in the palace is also the emperor's concubine. Wives and concubines are also called wives and concubines. "Zhou Li Tianguan Internal Rules": "Nine wives manage women's schools to teach nine emperors." Nine royal families are nine wives. It is said that there are nine female officials in the palace, one royal, nine royal and eighty-one.
In the Tang Dynasty, Zhao Yi, Zhao Rong, Zhao Yuan, Yixiu, Xiurong, Xiu Yuan, Fu Yi, Fu Rong and Fu Yuan were biographies of nine wives in New Tang Book. ?
26. concubine, concubine, concubine, concubine
A female official in a palace, the concubine of an emperor and a prince. My position is higher than that of my concubine.
27. imperial concubine
The title of concubines is the highest among the emperors' concubines, second only to the empress. In the Southern Song Dynasty, it was first established by Song Wudi, and was called the Third Lady with princes and nobles, comparable to the Prime Minister. After the sui dynasty, all previous dynasties were put along. ?
Guidi.
The female official name in the palace is also the emperor's concubine. Wei Mingdi is second only to the Queen. It was used in many dynasties in the future, but its status was different. ?
29. De Fei and Xian Fei
The female official name in the palace is also the title of the emperor's concubines. The Tang Dynasty was a positive product.
30.Shu Fei
Official name of maid-in-waiting, Three Kingdoms Wei Mingdi. At that time, the status was higher, second only to Guidi and his wife. Later generations set more.
3 1, toffee
The widow of the late emperor. In the Qing Dynasty, the concubines left by the emperor's grandfather or father were called imperial concubine and imperial concubine respectively.
Jiao Fang.
Also known as "pepper room". In the palace where the Empress of the Han Dynasty lived, the walls were coated with spices such as pepper and earth, and their warmth, fragrance and fertility were regarded as symbols of good luck. Later, it was called the queen by Chili House.
Shu Yuan.
Official name of maid-in-waiting, Three Kingdoms Wei Wendi. After Shu Fei.
Extended data:
According to the Book of Rites, the order of concubines in the Zhou Dynasty is: the son of heaven has a queen, a wife, a common woman, a concubine, a wife and a concubine. The hierarchical structure of the emperor's court corresponds to the bureaucracy of the emperor's court. The son of heaven appointed six hundred, three public officials, nine ministers, twenty-seven doctors and eighty-one scholars to listen to the son of heaven and teach men on earth in order to achieve the goal of governing the country from outside.
After the Emperor of Heaven, six officials, three wives, nine wives, twenty-seven wives and eighty-one concubines were established to obey the internal governance of the world, be obedient to women, make the world harmonious and put family first. From this point of view, in the traditional society of the unity of family and country, the queen of the son of heaven, as the spouse of the son of heaven, is the "king of the same body" and occupies a place in the monarchy. Their duty is to obey the internal governance of the world to cooperate with the external governance of the son of heaven.
The appellation of China people is essentially a history of the development of China culture, which contains the precipitation and changes of the long cultural history of the Chinese nation. The appellation of China people is a reflection of patriarchal clan system, customs, rank, status and reputation. And the elders, the younger generation, and the superiors and subordinates have their own names, which no one can surpass.
From the appellation, we can see that China people attach importance to the patriarchal etiquette system, respect for the old and love for the young, and the expression of official positions and imperial examinations. Throughout the ages, China people's address not only reflects people's concept of success, but also reflects a "humble spirit" of "inferiority", which is bound to be reflected in people's language and address.
References:
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