Li Bai (February 8, 701 - December 762), also known as Taibai, also known as Qinglian Jushi, also known as "Exiled Immortal" (He Zhizhang commented on Li Bai, and Li Bai also praised himself). Han nationality, whose ancestral home is Chengji, Longxi (now Jingning County, Gansu Province). It is said that he was born in Suiye City in the western region of Central Asia (near Tokmak City, east of Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan today), and moved to Mian, Sichuan at the age of 4. Changlong County (now Jiangyou City, Sichuan Province, this statement is represented by Guo Moruo). One theory is that he was born in Qinglian Township, Jiangyou City, Sichuan Province. The great romantic poet of the Tang Dynasty in my country was revered as the "Immortal of Poetry" by later generations, and was called "Li Du" together with Du Fu. His poetic style is bold and elegant, with rich imagination, natural language flow, and harmonious and changeable melody. He is good at absorbing nutritional materials from folk songs and myths to form his unique magnificent colors, which is a new peak of positive romantic poetry since Qu Yuan. Han Yuyun: "Li Du's articles are as bright as ever." ("Tiao Zhang Ji"). Emperor Wenzong of the Tang Dynasty named Li Bai's poems, Pei Min's sword dance, and Zhang Xu's cursive script as the "Three Wonders". Li Bai's swordsmanship ranked second in the Tang Dynasty (below Pei Min). However, if Li Bai abandoned literature and turned to martial arts and concentrated on studying swordsmanship, I believe he would be no less than Pei Min. Together with Li Shangyin and Li He, they were called the "Three Lis" of the Tang Dynasty. When Li Bai was young, he was a chivalrous man who drew his sword to help when he encountered injustice (this is related to one of his three major thoughts, chivalrous thought). There are several records about this in "Unofficial History".

Li Bai's poems are mainly lyrical. After Qu Yuan, he was the first one who could truly absorb the rich nutrition from the folk literature and art of that time and the Yuefu folk songs since Qin, Han and Wei, and concentrated on improving them to form his unique style. He has extraordinary artistic genius and majestic artistic power. All the surprising, exciting and thought-provoking phenomena can be traced back to the writing. Du Fu has the comment that "when his pen falls in the storm, his poems become weeping ghosts and gods" ("Twenty Rhymes to Li Twelve and Bai Bai"). He is the most outstanding romantic poet in my country after Qu Yuan.

Li Bai lived in the heyday of the Tang Dynasty. He had the progressive ideal of "helping the common people" and "anli Yuan", and worked hard to realize this ideal throughout his life. His large number of poems not only reflected the prosperity of that era, but also exposed and criticized the dissoluteness and corruption of the ruling group, showing his positive spirit of contempt for the powerful, resisting the constraints of tradition, and pursuing freedom and ideals. In terms of art, his poems have novel imagination, strange conception, strong emotions, magnificent artistic conception, fresh and bright language, powerful and magnificent momentum, and bold and unrestrained style, forming a bold and ultra-stepping artistic style, which has reached the level of positive romantic poetry art in ancient my country. peak. There are nearly a thousand poems in existence, including "Collection of Li Taibai". He is a representative figure of romantic poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. A great genius who is a poet, a fairy, a traveler, a strategist, a knight-errant, and a swordsman. According to folklore, Gao Lishi once took off his boots for him, and Yang Guifei once polished his ink for him. There is also the famous saying "If we hadn't met on the top of the jade mountain, we would have met under the moon on Yaotai."

Du Fu praised: "Bai Ye's poems are incomparable, his thoughts are unparalleled; he is refreshing, Yu opened his mansion, and he is handsome and elegant, and he joins the army."

There are more than 1,000 poems by Li Bai in existence today. The subject matter of poetry is diverse. Since he was born in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, his poetry is mainly romantic and heroic. His representative works include the seven-character ancient poems: "The Road to Shu is Difficult", "The Journey is Difficult", "The Sleepwalking Heavenly Mother Says Farewell", "About to Drink", " "Yin of Liang Fu", etc., five-character ancient poems: 59 "Ancient Style", "Changgan Xing", "Wu Song at Midnight", "Farewell to the School Secretary Shu Yun at Xiezhen Tower in Xuanzhou", etc., seven-character quatrains: "Looking at Lushan Waterfall", "Looking at Tianmen Mountain" and "Early Departure from Baidi City" have become famous works in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Li Bai was already famous in the Tang Dynasty. His poems "are not collected in a fixed volume, but every family has them", making him the first person in the Chinese poetry circle.

Li Bai's poems enriched and developed the artistic theme of heroism in the poetry of the Tang Dynasty. Like other scribes of his generation, he had grand ambitions. The so-called "approved Guan Yan's talk, plotted the emperor's skills, exerted his wisdom, and was willing to serve as an assistant. He made the Huan region settled and Hai County unified" ("Dai Dynasty") Shoushan's reply to Meng Shaofu's transfer of documents") is his most persistent belief in life. Whether Li Bai had the actual ability to engage in political activities in a complex power structure may be very doubtful, but as a poet, this belief became more of the starting point for his pursuit and praise of a magnificent life. He drew strength from the demeanor and style of countless ancient heroes, projected realistic ideals into history, and thus established a gallery of heroic characters in poetry.

He eulogized the heroes who rose up in the grasslands and met in the turmoil. For example, "Liang Fu Yin" wrote about Taigong Wang: "I don't see you, I slaughtered the old man and said goodbye to Jijin, and I came to the Weibin from the eighty west; I am so shy that my white hair shines in the clear water, I am strong enough to think about economics at the right time. Guangzhang Three thousand eight hundred fishing, Feng Qi secretly married Prince Wen. The great virtuous tiger turned stupid and unexpected, and he was quite like an ordinary person back then. Lu Lian is so wonderful. When the bright moon rises from the bottom of the sea, his voice shines brightly. Later generations look up to him and give him a gift. I am also smiling at Pingyuan, and I can sing the same tune as I do. The hero is talented and courteous to the virtuous corporal, as in the second part of "The Road is Difficult": "Don't you see that in the past, the Yan family valued Guo Wei, and there was no doubt about it. Ju Xin and Le Yi were grateful, and they lost their liver and gallbladder. "Imitate the talents. The bones of King Zhao are lingering in the grass, who can sweep away the golden platform!" Praise for the famous ministers who are arrogant and uphold the dignity of common people, such as Li Shiqi in "Liang Fu Yin": "You don't see the drunkard in Gaoyang, who is bowing to Shandong Long." The quasi-gong; the two women left the bath to follow the wind at the beginning, and commanded the Chu and Han Dynasties like a whirlwind. How much more can the heroes in his works be like this? He was a dominating figure on the historical stage during an extraordinary period of turmoil and chaos, and was so integrated with the lyrical protagonist that he became inseparable. For example, he said in a poem to reward friends: "Feng shui is like seeing talents, and throwing poles to help the emperor." ("Sima and Yan Zhengzi, King of Rewarding Fangzhou, gave gifts to Xuejian") and expressed his ambition after waking up from drunkenness. : "Fu said that Ban Zhuchen was a minister, and Li Si was an eagle and dog man. He raised up Kuang Sheji, and Ning returned to the hardships." ("Winter Night Drunk Longmen Jue Qi Zhi") Since the Anshi Rebellion, Li Bai regarded the situation as the conflict between Chu and Han, and Zhang Liang and Han Xin described themselves: "It's quite like the Chu and Han Dynasties, where there was no end to the overthrow. They passed Bolangsha in the morning and entered Huaiyin City at dusk. Zhang Liang did not meet Han Xin in poverty, and Liu Xiang lived and died among his two ministers. He temporarily went to Xiapi to accept After entering the Yongwang Lin shogunate, he compared himself with Xie An: "I use Dongshan to thank Anshi and talk and laugh with Hu Sha." "Wang Dongxun Ge" Part 2) Until he surrendered to the army at the age of sixty, he also promised Meng Zi, a great hero of the Western Han Dynasty: "I returned from illness halfway, but there was no reason to march to the southeast. Yafu didn't see him, so Meng Zhi went ahead."< /p>

Li Bai unified the ideal of solving problems and the freedom of his unruly personality in order to achieve a perfect life. His design of his life path was carried out in two steps: first, he established great achievements, as the saying goes: "If you can't help your heart, what good is it to be a good person?" ("To Secretary Wei Zichun") "When two dragons fight, heaven and earth The wind and clouds were in motion. The feud between the Han Dynasty was resolved in a hurry while drinking and dancing." ("Send Zhang Xiucai to Pay a Visit to the High School Prime Minister") After success, he did not covet wealth and fame, but regarded "Five Lakes" and "Cangzhou" as his lofty ideals. Home, longing for a free life. In his early years, when he was seeking an official position, he did not deny this point: "Successful achievements are swept away, swaying beside Cangzhou." ("Bitter Rain in Princess Yuzhen Pavilion") He did not give up on this point when he was most proud of his official career: "Thanks to the world for successful achievements, From then on, he just threw himself into fishing." ("Reflections on Reading in Hanlin") Until his later years, he remained determined: "Finally, he will settle the country and go to the five lakes with success." ("Gift to Secretary Wei Zichun") This kind of life ideal is concentrated. It expresses the poet's consciousness of "being ashamed of his virtues" and loving freedom: "I can win Liaocheng merit with one arrow of writing. But in the end I am not rewarded, and I am ashamed like others of the time." ("A Trip to Donglu in May to Reply to Wen Shangweng" )

In terms of artistic achievements, Li Bai's Yuefu, song lines and quatrains are the highest. The lines of his songs completely break all the inherent patterns of poetry creation. They are empty and have many styles of writing, reaching a magical realm of unpredictable and swaying at will. Li Bai's quatrains are natural, lively, elegant and unrestrained, and can express endless emotions in concise and clear language. Among the poets of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei and Meng Haoran were good at the Five Jue, and Wang Changling and other Qi Jue were good at writing. Li Bai was the only one who was good at both the Five Jue and the Seven Jue. Du Fu's evaluation of Li Bai: "The pen falls in the storm, and the poem becomes the weeping ghosts and gods."