Chinese Name: taurine English Name: Taurine Other Names: Bovine Choline; The definition of aminoethanesulfonic acid is 1: aminosulfonic acid extracted from squid and octopus, which is used to protect liver, promote gallbladder and detoxify. Discipline: marine science and technology (first-class discipline); Marine technology (two disciplines); Definition 2 of marine biotechnology (tertiary discipline): The product of oxidative decarboxylation of cysteine in the body can combine with bile acid to form bile salt. Discipline: biochemistry and molecular biology (first-class discipline); Metabolism (two disciplines) This content was approved and published by the National Committee for the Examination and Approval of Scientific and Technical Terminology.

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Taurine, also known as α-aminoethanesulfonic acid, was first separated from bezoar, hence its name. Pure product is colorless or white plagioclase, tasteless, taurine is stable, soluble in organic solvents such as ether, and it is a sulfur-containing non-protein amino acid, which exists in a free state in the body and does not participate in protein biosynthesis in the body. Taurine is not involved in the synthesis of protein, but closely related to the metabolism of cystine and cysteine. The activity of cysteine sulfinic carboxylase (CSAD) in synthesizing taurine in human body is low, and it mainly depends on the intake of taurine in food to meet the needs of the body.

catalogue

brief introduction

Physiological function of taurine

drug effect

Cosmetics and skin care products

Ways to obtain taurine

Synthetic acquisition method

Application of taurine

Production enterprise

Edit the introduction of this paragraph.

Taurine, English name Taurine, scientific name: 2- aminoethyl sulfonic acid taurine granules.

Formula): molecular weight of NH2CH2CH2SO3H: 125. 15casNo. : 107-35-7 Taurine, also known as α-aminoethanesulfonic acid, was first isolated from bezoar, hence its name. The pure product is colorless or white plagioclase, tasteless, stable in chemical properties, soluble in organic solvents such as ether, and a sulfur-containing non-protein amino acid, which exists in a free state in the body and does not participate in protein biosynthesis in the body. Taurine is not involved in the synthesis of protein, but closely related to the metabolism of cystine and cysteine. The activity of cysteine sulfinic carboxylase (CSAD) in synthesizing taurine in human body is low, and it mainly depends on the intake of taurine in food to meet the needs of the body.

Edit this physiological function of taurine.

1. 1 can promote the brain tissue and intelligence development of infants. Taurine is rich in content and widely distributed in the brain, which can obviously promote the growth and development of nervous system and cell proliferation and differentiation, and is a dosage form.

Dependence plays an important role in the development of brain nerve cells. Studies have shown that the content of taurine in the brain of premature infants is significantly lower than that of full-term infants, because the cysteine sulfinate dehydrogenase (CSAD) in premature infants is not yet mature, and the synthesized taurine is not enough to meet the needs of the body and needs breast milk supplement. Taurine content in breast milk is high, especially in colostrum. If the supplement is insufficient, it will make the child grow slowly and mentally retarded. Taurine is closely related to the development of central nervous system and retina in infants and fetuses. Long-term simple milk feeding is easy to cause taurine deficiency. 1.2 improving nerve conduction and visual function 1975 Hayes et al. reported that the lack of taurine in cats' feed would lead to retinal degeneration and eventually blindness. The main reason why cats and night owls prey on mice is that mice are rich in taurine, and eating more can keep their keen eyesight. If the baby lacks taurine, there will be retinal dysfunction. If there is no taurine in long-term intravenous nutrition infusion, the patient's electroretinogram will change, and only a large dose of taurine can correct this change. 1.3 prevention of cardiovascular diseases taurine can inhibit platelet aggregation, reduce blood lipid, maintain normal blood pressure and prevent arteriosclerosis of circulatory system; Can protect myocardial cells and resist arrhythmia; Has special curative effect on reducing blood cholesterol content, and can be used for treating heart failure. Taurus

1.4 affects the absorption of lipids. The role of taurine in the liver is to combine with bile acids to form taurocholic acid, which is necessary for the digestive tract to absorb lipids. Taurocholic acid can increase the solubility of lipids and cholesterol, relieve bile obstruction, reduce the cytotoxicity of some free bile acids, inhibit the formation of cholesterol stones and increase bile flow. 1.5 can improve endocrine status and enhance human immunity. Taurine can promote pituitary hormone secretion and activate pancreatic function, thus improving the state of endocrine system and regulating metabolism. Has the functions of enhancing immunity and resisting fatigue. 1.6 Taurine, which affects glucose metabolism, can bind to insulin receptor, promote the uptake and utilization of glucose by cells, accelerate glycolysis and reduce blood glucose concentration. Studies have shown that taurine has a certain hypoglycemic effect and does not depend on increasing insulin release. The regulatory effect of taurine on cell glucose metabolism may be achieved through post-receptor mechanism, which mainly depends on the interaction with insulin receptor protein, rather than directly combining with islet receptor. 1.7 inhibits the occurrence and development of cataract. Taurine plays an important role in regulating osmotic pressure and antioxidation of lens. During the occurrence and development of cataract, the content of sorbic acid in lens increased, and the osmotic pressure of lens increased, while the concentration of taurine, as an important substance for regulating osmotic pressure, decreased obviously, and its antioxidant effect weakened, and protein in lens was over-oxidized, thus causing or aggravating the occurrence of cataract. Taurine supplementation can inhibit the occurrence and development of cataract. Taurine granules

Improving memory function of 1.8 In the animal experimental study on the relationship between taurine and brain development, it was found that taurine can promote the learning and memory ability of rats. Supplementing proper amount of taurine can not only improve the speed and accuracy of learning and memory, but also play a certain role in anti-aging of nervous system. 1.9 To maintain normal reproductive function, taurine is needed. It has been proved that when the taurine content in cat feed is lower than 0. 10 1%, its reproductive function will deteriorate, the rates of stillbirth, abortion and birth defects will increase, and the survival rate of young will decrease. When the content is above 0. 105%, the normal reproductive function can be maintained. 1. 10 taurine combined with other functions has obvious effect in preventing and treating iron deficiency anemia, which can not only promote the absorption of iron in intestine, but also increase the stability of erythrocyte membrane. Taurine is also a growth promoting factor of Bifidobacterium in human intestine, which optimizes the structure of intestinal flora. It also has antioxidant and anti-aging effects; Can promote the recovery of acute hepatitis; It can protect carbon tetrachloride poisoning and inhibit the increase of serum alanine aminotransferase caused by carbon tetrachloride poisoning. Taurine has protective effect on nephrotoxicity, and taurine has protective effect on the changes of primary renal tubular epithelial cells in rabbits induced by cisplatin. It is also reported that taurine has sedative, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, and also has preventive and therapeutic effects on frostbite, KCN poisoning and migraine.

Edit this paragraph on the role of drugs.

(1) Liver-strengthening and cholagogic effects: Guinea pig experiments show that taurine can relieve bile obstruction and show cholagogic effects. Taurine granules

(2) antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects: this product may reduce the body temperature by acting on the central 5-ht system or catecholamine system; (3) hypotensive effect; (4) cardiotonic and antiarrhythmic effects; (5) Hypoglycemic effect; (6) Taurine can relax skeletal muscle and resist myotonia.

Edit this paragraph of cosmetics and skin care products

Application of Taurine in Cosmetics/Skin Care Products Foreign R&D laboratories have confirmed that Taurine has the ability to activate skin cells, and can continuously provide rapid and lasting energy supplement and multiple protection for young skin. Taurine also has the function of improving skin immunity and resisting the invasion of external environment on skin.

Effective. Representative products of skin care products include Chanel's youthful brilliance series and BeautyMed's vitality reproduction series: taurochrome active cream and taurochrome essence.

Edit this paragraph to get taurine.

Taurine exists in almost all living things, especially in major organs of mammals, such as heart, brain and liver. Taurine with the highest content

Rich in marine fish and shellfish, such as squid, octopus, shrimp, shellfish, oysters, conch, clams and so on. Fish is rich in taurine, such as mackerel, bamboo pod fish, sardines and so on. In fish, the taurine content in the black part of fish back is 5 ~ 10 times higher than that in other white parts. Therefore, more intake of this kind of food can get more taurine. Taurine is easily soluble in water, so it is very important to drink soup cooked by fish and shellfish at the same time when eating. In Japan, "fish sauce" brewed with fish and shellfish is rich in taurine. Except beef, the content of taurine in meat is very small, which is only 1% ~ 10% of that in fish and shellfish. Natural taurine is far from meeting people's needs because of its dispersion and low content. Like bovine bile, although it contains high taurine, people will not eat it. There are two ways to obtain taurine in industry. ① Extracted from natural products. Hydrolyze the bile of cattle, or extract the meat or viscera of fish, shellfish, squid, octopus and other mammals with water, and then concentrate and refine. You can also extract the wastes (viscera, blood and meat, which have nothing to do with freshness) from aquatic products processing with hot water, decolorize, deodorize, degrease and refine them, and then separate them with cation exchange resin. The extract in the obtained eluent can reach 66% ~ 67%, and crystallize after alcohol treatment. ② chemical synthesis. Because taurine is dispersed in natural organisms and its content is small, the amount extracted from natural raw materials is limited. Therefore, people mainly rely on chemical synthesis to obtain taurine in industry. Since 1950, countries all over the world have begun to study artificial synthesis. At present, there are nearly 10 synthetic processes of taurine, among which chemical synthesis methods such as ethanolamine method and dichloroethane method have been industrialized. In addition, according to Japanese patent report, taurine can be prepared by fermentation. At present, taurine manufacturers are mainly concentrated in developed countries and regions such as Japan, the United States and Europe, and the output has increased rapidly in recent years. There are less than 10 normal production enterprises in China, and the taurine produced is mainly used for export and medicine, of which 90% is exported and only 6% is used as food additive. In the United States, the consumption of taurine in food and beverage reached 6000t in 1985. Taurus

Taurine has many physiological functions and is an essential nutrient for human health. Taurine is mainly used in medicine in China. Although taurine is gradually recognized and accepted by Chinese people as a food nutritional additive, the amount of taurine eaten by Chinese people is still very small. At present, the per capita annual consumption of taurine in some major countries in the world is roughly as follows: 60g in Japan, 50g in the United States, 34g in Britain, 32g in Germany, 29g in Canada, 26g in France, 0/9g in Korea, 0/7g in Indonesia, 0/7g in Singapore, and 0.2g in China. Taurine is relatively safe as a health care product, and it is advisable to take some products containing taurine for health care. Taurine, as a high-quality nutrient, should be better utilized by Chinese people. Everyone who likes animals knows that cats' eyes are always so bright. In fact, this has a lot to do with cat food. As we all know, cats' favorite things are fish and mice. Expert research shows that taurine is contained in animals, among which fish and shellfish are the most abundant. At the same time, mice also contain a lot of taurine. In addition, even the cat food sold in the supermarket contains a lot of taurine. Through daily food, cats supplement a lot of taurine, which can promote the photoreceptor cells in the retina of cat's eyes, so cats' eyes can always be so bright. In another experiment, when cats were fed taurine-free cat food, their retinas became pathological and even completely blind. Not only cats, but also human eyes have a lot of taurine in their retinas, so supplementing taurine is also very important for human eyes. The cornea of the eye has the ability to repair itself, that is, when the cornea is damaged, it can repair itself. Most eye drops contain taurine, which is to strengthen the self-repair ability of cornea and fight eye diseases. It can be seen that taurine supplementation every day can improve the self-repair ability of cornea and prevent eye diseases. Taurine is a special amino acid, an essential nutrient for human body, and has a wonderful effect of balancing health. Taurine also plays an important role in other organs besides eyes. For example, studies have confirmed that taurine content in human heart is the highest. Taurine enhances heart function by protecting myocardium. When the influx of calcium ions in myocardial cells is too high, it will cause coronary heart disease. Taurine can regulate the amount of calcium ion in myocardial cells, maintain its balance and achieve cardiotonic effect. The relationship between taurine and heart has become one of the key research topics in the world. In addition, taurine has protective effects on lung, liver and gastrointestinal tract. Taurine granules

In daily life, the most significant function of taurine is to enhance immunity and resist fatigue. Taurine can combine with hypochlorous acid in white blood cells to produce non-toxic substances, reduce the damage of hypochlorous acid to white blood cells, and thus improve human immunity. At the same time, taurine can maintain heart function, normalize blood circulation, eliminate fatigue products, and make the body produce energy effectively. Maintaining constant taurine in the body can effectively eliminate fatigue and is an important factor to maintain human health. Taurine is an essential amino acid for cats, but taurine cannot be synthesized in cats and can only be absorbed from the outside. Unlike cats, human liver is the place where amino acid protein is synthesized. However, taurine synthesized in vivo can not meet the physiological needs of human body, so amino acids should be supplemented through external intake channels. Therefore, taurine is a conditionally essential amino acid for people. Like cats, people can supplement taurine through food. As mentioned above, among all foods, fish and shellfish have the richest taurine content. Eating this food regularly can supplement taurine and keep healthy. At the same time, Lifecare, which has been selling well in Japan for 40 years, is also a convenient channel to obtain taurine. It contains a variety of nutrients and rich taurine. Every1000 ml lifecare contains 1000 mg taurine, which can effectively resist fatigue and regulate the body's immunity if drunk frequently.

Edit the synthetic acquisition method of this paragraph.

1. Method of extracting taurine from sodium sulfate. Method for synthesizing calcium taurate under negative pressure. New technology and method of water saving and high yield sulfuric acid 4. Synthesis of calcium taurate granules by ion exchange resin purification.

5. Production technology of zinc taurine 6. Taurine metal ion complex and its synthesis method. Taurine metal ion complex and its preparation method. Preparation method and application of zinc taurate. Production method of natural taurine 10, taurine metal ion compound and its synthesis method1,taurine metal ion complex and its synthesis method 12, taurine metal ion complex and its preparation method.

Application of editing taurine in this paragraph

Taurine has many physiological functions and is an essential nutrient for human health. Taurine is mainly used in medicine in China. Although taurine is gradually recognized and accepted by Chinese people as food nutrition, the amount of taurine eaten by Chinese people is still very small. At present, the per capita annual consumption of taurine in some major countries in the world is roughly as follows: 60g in Japan, 50g in the United States, 34g in Britain, 32g in Germany, 29g in Canada, 26g in France, 0/9g in Korea, 0/7g in Indonesia, 0/7g in Singapore, and 0.2g in China. Taurine is relatively safe as a health care product, and it is advisable to take some products containing taurine for health care. Taurine, as a high-quality nutrient, should be better utilized by Chinese people. Everyone who likes animals knows that cats' eyes are always so bright. In fact, this has a lot to do with cat food. As we all know, cats' favorite things are fish and mice. Expert research shows that taurine is contained in animals, among which fish and shellfish are the most abundant. At the same time, mice also contain a lot of taurine. In addition, even the cat food sold in the supermarket contains a lot of taurine. Through daily food, cats supplement a lot of taurine, which can promote the photoreceptor cells in the retina of cat's eyes, so cats' eyes can always be so bright. In another experiment, when cats were fed taurine-free cat food, their retinas became pathological and even completely blind. Not only cats, but also human eyes have a lot of taurine in their retinas, so supplementing taurine is also very important for human eyes. The cornea of the eye has the ability to repair itself, that is, when the cornea is damaged, it can repair itself. Most eye drops contain taurine, which is to strengthen the self-repair ability of cornea and fight eye diseases. It can be seen that taurine supplementation every day can improve the self-repair ability of cornea and prevent eye diseases. Taurine is a special amino acid, an essential nutrient for human body, and has a wonderful effect of balancing health. Taurine also plays an important role in other organs besides eyes. For example, studies have confirmed that taurine content in human heart is the highest. Taurine enhances heart function by protecting myocardium. When the influx of calcium ions in myocardial cells is too high, it will cause coronary heart disease. Taurine can regulate the amount of calcium ion in myocardial cells, maintain its balance and achieve cardiotonic effect. The relationship between taurine and heart has become one of the key research topics in the world. In addition, taurine has protective effects on lung, liver and gastrointestinal tract. In daily life, the most significant function of taurine is to enhance immunity and resist fatigue. Taurine can combine with hypochlorous acid in white blood cells to produce non-toxic substances, reduce the damage of hypochlorous acid to white blood cells, and thus improve human immunity. At the same time, taurine can maintain heart function, normalize blood circulation, eliminate fatigue products, and make the body produce energy effectively. Maintaining constant taurine in the body can effectively eliminate fatigue and is an important factor to maintain human health. Taurine is an essential amino acid for cats, but taurine cannot be synthesized in cats and can only be absorbed from the outside. Unlike cats, human liver is the place where amino acid protein is synthesized. However, taurine synthesized in vivo often cannot meet the physiological needs of human body, and amino acids need to be supplemented through external intake channels. Therefore, taurine is a conditionally essential amino acid for people. Like cats, people can supplement taurine through food. As mentioned above, among all foods, fish and shellfish have the richest taurine content. Eating this food regularly can supplement taurine and keep healthy. At the same time, Lifecare, which has been selling well in Japan for 40 years, is also a convenient channel to obtain taurine. It contains a variety of nutrients and rich taurine. Every1000 ml lifecare contains 1000 mg taurine, which can effectively resist fatigue and regulate the body's immunity if drunk frequently.

Edit the production enterprises in this paragraph.

Zhejiang Jianfeng Haizhou Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenyang Liangyuan Pharmaceutical Factory, Shandong Tianda Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangsu Huanghe Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangdong Zhaoqing Xijiang Pharmaceutical Factory, Zhanjiang Xiangyang Pharmaceutical Factory, Hainan Asia Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hubei Connor Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Xingqun Co., Ltd., Wuhan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Xinxiang Weihe Pharmaceutical Factory, Fujian Anxi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangxi pengze county Pharmaceutical Factory, Jiangsu State-owned Shishantou Pharmaceutical Factory, Shandong Medical University Experimental Pharmaceutical Factory, Shandong Shanda Kangnuo Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shandong Taian Pharmaceutical Factory, Shandong Weihai Sun Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shandong Yunmen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Heihe Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Foshan Biochemical Pharmaceutical Factory, State-owned Zhangjiagang Pharmaceutical Factory, Shanghai Jiufu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai 18th Pharmaceutical Factory, Yantai Dongcheng Biochemical Co., Ltd., Nanjing Pharmaceutical Factory Co., Ltd., Heilongjiang Kang Xin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jihua Liaoyuan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chifeng Weikang Biochemical Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenyang No.5 Pharmaceutical Factory, Jinzhou No.4 Pharmaceutical Factory, Dandong Yalu River Pharmaceutical Factory, Shanxi houma city Pingyang Pharmaceutical Factory, Shenyang Xinchengzi Pharmaceutical Factory, Shanxi Medical College Pharmaceutical Factory, Tianjin Pacific Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tangshan Maternal and Child Pharmaceutical Factory and Hebei Dongfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.