Communication standard patents, including WCDMA, CDMA and GSM standard patents. Ericsson is the world's leading telecommunications company, followed by Huawei, regarding the patent authorization of products conforming to GSM, EDGE and UMTS/WCDMA standards. Some local network base stations in India were built by Ericsson, and access to the network requires patent fees. Qualcomm chip contains baseband, but Redmi is mtk chip, and excluding baseband is an infringing patent!