English name: Taj Mahal

Persian, Urdu:? 1? 2? 1? 9? 1? 4 ? 1? 9? 1? 5? 1? eight

Country: India

Mainland: Asia

1983 is listed in the World Heritage List according to the cultural heritage selection criteria C (I). Report rated as a heritage: report of the seventh session of the World Heritage Committee. It is one of the "New Seven Wonders" announced in the early morning of July 8th, 2007, Beijing time.

The shape of the Taj Mahal, which is very familiar from countless photos, is used as the logo of the hotel, the trademark of chutney and condiment. In fact, it is used everywhere, and people will think of India as soon as they see it. However, few people are disappointed when they see the Taj Mahal.

I never get tired of seeing the Taj Mahal, but it's still a surprise. It shows different characteristics at different times of the day and under different natural light. Although it is a mausoleum, it does not have the cold silence of the usual mausoleum. On the contrary, you feel it seems to float between heaven and earth. Its harmony and symmetry, the fusion of the garden and the reflection in the water, have created a miracle that has amazed countless tourists. It is estimated that 20,000 craftsmen participated in the construction of the Taj Mahal, which took 22 years to complete. It is said that a Frenchman and a Venetian participated in part of this project. So far, no architect has been recorded to have explicitly participated in the construction of the mausoleum-this is very suitable for this building, because the original intention of building it is to make people remember only the people in the mausoleum.

When the sun rises in the morning, the red sun rising in Ran Ran is accompanied by the morning fog of the Jumuna River, as if to awaken the Taj Mahal from sleep. At this point, it looks very quiet. At noon, the Taj Mahal has blue sky and white clouds above its head and clear water and green trees under its feet. Against the dazzling sunshine in South Asia, it is more exquisite and dazzling. In the evening, the Taj Mahal ushered in the most fascinating moment of the day. At sunset, the white Taj Mahal began to change from grayish yellow and golden yellow to pink, crimson and light blue, and finally changed back to silvery white with the Ran Ran of the moon. In the dim moonlight, the Taj Mahal looks particularly elegant, unique and charming, just like the beautiful Taj Mahal lost in deep meditation. It is said that the most beautiful time of the Taj Mahal is the night when the moon is hanging in the sky. The white marble mausoleum, under the moonlight, will emit a faint purple, elegant and dusty, beautiful as a fairy. [Edit this paragraph] The construction history of the Taj Mahal began at 163 1 (another data: 1632), which lasted for 22 years (another data: 18) and used 20,000 laborers every day. In addition to bringing together the best architects and craftsmen in India, they also hired architects and craftsmen from the Middle East and Iran, which exhausted the national treasury (* * * spent 40 million rupees) and led to the decline of the Mughal dynasty. King Shah Jahan originally planned to build an identical black mausoleum for himself on the other side of the river, connected by a marble bridge half white and half black, and slept opposite his beloved princess. However, shortly after the Taj Mahal was completed, his son aurangzeb succeeded in killing his brother and usurping the throne, and King Shah Jahan himself was imprisoned in the Octagonal Palace in Agrabao, not far from the Taj Mahal. For the next eight years, Sha Jiahan could only look at the reflection of the Taj Mahal floating in the distant river through the small window every day. Later, my eyesight deteriorated, and I could only watch the Taj Mahal through the refraction of a gem until I died of depression (disease). Fortunately, Sha Jiahan was buried in the Taj Mahal, next to his beloved Princess Taj Mahal.

The Taj Mahal is made of marble from a quarry 322 kilometers away, but it is not the pure white building in some photos. Thousands of precious stones and semi-precious stones are embedded in the marble on the surface, and the words on the mausoleum are made of black marble. A carved marble fence shows superb craftsmanship. When the sun shines on the fence, it casts all kinds of shadows. Once upon a time, there was a silver door with a golden railing, and a large piece of cloth made of pearls covered the Queen's monument (above the actual burial site). Thieves stole these precious things, and many people tried to dig out the gems embedded in marble columns, but the majestic Taj Mahal still fascinated people.

The Taj Mahal is located in a scenic area. The majestic doorway symbolizes the entrance to heaven, with an arched pavilion on it. There used to be a pure silver door with hundreds of silver nails embedded in it. All these things have been robbed, and now the door is made of copper.

The legend that Shah Jahan wanted to build the same black marble mausoleum for himself on the other side of Zhu Mu Na River doesn't seem to have much truth. His son aurangzeb was declared emperor in 1658, and his father was placed under house arrest in a castle in Agra for nine years until his death. Shahanjia can see the Taj Mahal from the distance of the castle. Later, he was also buried in the Taj Mahal.

The Taj Mahal represents the pinnacle of Mughal architectural achievements. This style of mausoleum stands on a pedestal decorated with a lighthouse, and people have the same reverence for it as they do for a mosque. This style of memorial mausoleum developed in northern India and disappeared with it.

The Mausoleum of Homaine in Delhi began at 1564. It is the prototype of the Taj Mahal, solid and majestic, not exquisite and elegant. 17 In the 1970s, aurangzeb imitated the Taj Mahal for his wife in Bader, Ozga, but it lacked the charm and harmony of the Taj Mahal. Another mausoleum in Delhi, Saif al-Daga's Tomb, was started at 1753. It is called "the last flash of Mughal architecture", but it is not the building that people try their best to see in the canal. These memorial tombs all have a standard model-a large onion-shaped vault, a waterway and four parts of flowers. The builders of the Taj Mahal combined these things to create an unparalleled building. Compared with the conspiracy planned by the Bangladeshi Governor Sir William Bentinck, the theft of the precious treasures in the Taj Mahal is insignificant. 65438+In 1930s, he planned to demolish the Taj Mahal, which was deserted and overgrown with weeds at that time, and transport the marble to London for sale. The plan was abandoned only because there was no buyer for the marble removed from the Red Fort in Delhi. Later, in 1900, Keke, who became the governor of India, restored the Taj Mahal.

There is no doubt that the Taj Mahal is a model of perfect art in the world. Basically, buildings made of marble are flawless, and the Taj Mahal in the moonlight gives people a feeling like a fairyland. It not only expresses Sha's deep memory of his beloved wife, but also is a generous gift to mankind.

There is actually a sad and lingering history behind the seven architectural wonders of the world. Knowing its historical background can really increase the interest in viewing the Taj Mahal. /kloc-In the 7th century, Shah Jahan, the Mughal emperor, used tens of thousands of workers to build a tomb inlaid with precious stones in memory of his beloved wife Ajman Banu. The design was amazing. The most striking thing about the Taj Mahal is the main building made of pure white marble. The mausoleum is neat, symmetrical up and down, and the central dome is as high as 62 meters, which is amazing. There are four minarets with a height of about 4 1 m around, and tombstones inlaid with 35 different types of semi-precious stones stand between the towers. The cemetery covers an area of 17 hectares and is a slightly long circle surrounded by red sandstone walls. The entrance gate is also made of red rock, about two stories high, and there are eleven typical white conical towers on the back of the door. The gate leads all the way to the tombs of King Sayyahan and Princess Wang, and their sarcophagus is placed in the middle of the room, solemn and solemn. In front of the Taj Mahal is a clear waterway with fruit trees and cypress trees planted on both sides, which symbolize life and death respectively.