Development and Application of New Building Materials
Abstract: Building material products are changing with each passing day. New building materials are a new generation of building materials based on traditional building materials, mainly including new walls. Materials, thermal insulation materials, waterproof sealing materials and decorative decoration materials. It is used in all walks of life.
Keywords: new building materials, building materials products, development and application
1 Development status of new building materials Since the reform and opening up, after 30 years of development, my country's new building materials industry has basically completed the transformation from The development process from scratch to large has formed an emerging industry across the country, becoming an important product category and a new economic growth point in the building materials industry. The rapid development of economic construction and the continuous improvement of people's living standards have provided good opportunities and a broad market for the development of new building materials. At present, new building materials companies are dotted all over the country. Driven by market demand, a nationwide circulation network of agency-type building materials has been formed. Most foreign products can be produced in my country, and the new building materials required for three-star hotels can be produced domestically. Self-sufficiency; the development of decoration materials of different grades, colors and varieties provides material guarantee for improving the living conditions of urban and rural people in my country and changing the face of the city. There are mainly the following material products;
1.1 Wall Materials New wall materials are developing rapidly in my country, and there are many varieties of new wall materials, mainly including bricks, blocks, boards, such as clay hollow bricks, mixed with waste materials Clay bricks, non-clay bricks, building blocks, aerated concrete, lightweight panels, composite panels, etc. After nearly 30 years, using the research and development of foreign production technology and equipment, my country's wall material industry has begun to embark on the path of multi-variety development, and has initially formed a wall material system based on panels. For example, with module B03, Module B03 is turned on, and high voltage is input to module BO2 to turn on the module. Input high voltage to module BO1, delay turn-on module B08, relay Q1 gets the high voltage and then pull in, input to delay turn-on module BO9, after setting T =: 6:00S, BO9 outputs high voltage, The pull-in of relay Q2 works sequentially until the delay T=30:
00 when the turn-on module B13 is turned on. Make the last relay Q6 close.
When the master switch is transferred to the manual position, the manual signal I2 and the clock control signal I10 are simultaneously input to module 05, B05 outputs high voltage or module B02, B02 outputs high voltage, and repeats the above work.
The delayed turn-on module B08 functions as a timeout protection. The setting time is T=60:00M. When the circuit operation exceeds the set time, B08 outputs high voltage to non-module B07, and B07 outputs low voltage to With module B01, B01 outputs low voltage so that relays Q1-Q6 cannot pull in, and the -EL6 indicator light goes out.
When the ion concentration emitted by the sterilization equipment in the air exceeds the standard, the ion concentration sensor sends out a signal I12 and inputs it to the non-module B17. B17 conducts and outputs low voltage to the module B16, which is input to B01 and B15 respectively, so that Relays Q1-Q6 cannot work; B15 outputs high voltage to the set terminal (S) of RS flip-flop B14, outputs high voltage to relay Q7 to conduct, and indicator light EL7 lights up. The circuit cannot work until the ion concentration returns to the normal value.
When the sterilization equipment in the circuit fails, and one or more of the fault signals I1, I3, and I5 appear, the module B18 and module B16 output low voltage, respectively. Sent to modules B01 and B15; B01 outputs low voltage, relays Q1--Q6 cannot work; B15 outputs high voltage to RS trigger B14 set end, outputs high voltage to Q7 to conduct, alarm indicator light EL7 glows until the fault is repaired. Press the reset key signal I7 to reset the flip-flop B14, and the circuit works normally.
In order to detect the working status of the sterilization equipment at any time and avoid changing the parameter settings of other modules in the LOGO, the detection module B06 is designed separately and uses the delayed disconnection function. When the test button S is pressed, the I2 signal Input to delay disconnection module B06, T=05:00M. Module B06 is turned on and outputs high voltage, input to AND module B02, B02 outputs high voltage, input to AND module B01, B01 outputs high voltage to make relay Q1-Q6 close. , under the test state, the sterilization equipment works continuously within 5 minutes, and whether there is a fault in the sterilization equipment can be detected.
3 Conclusion LOGO has been running in sterilization equipment for a long time. It has stable performance and easy operation. It is a relatively mature circuit and can be used for air pollution treatment in large places, warehouses and factories with similar situations. Concrete hollow blocks, plasterboard, fiber cement sandwich panels, etc.
1.2 Waterproof sealing materials Waterproof materials are important functional materials required by the construction industry and other related industries, and are an important part of the building materials industry.
Waterproof materials have gotten rid of the backward situation dominated by paper-based linoleum. Currently, they include asphalt linoleum (including modified asphalt linoleum), synthetic polymer waterproofing membranes, building waterproof coatings, sealing materials, and leakage plugging. and rigid waterproof materials and other five categories of products. In 1995, the output of new waterproofing membranes was 42 million square meters, accounting for about 5% of the output of waterproofing membranes. my country's waterproofing materials have basically formed a waterproofing material industrial system with complete categories, supporting product specifications and grades, and the development of process and equipment has begun to take shape. , we basically have all the varieties available abroad.
1.3 Thermal insulation materials The universal application of thermal insulation materials has promoted its continuous development. Before the 1980s, the development of thermal insulation materials in my country was very slow, and a few thermal insulation material factories could only We produce small quantities of expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite, slag wool, ultra-fine glass wool, microporous calcium silicate and other products.
By 1996, the national output was about 800,000 tons, including about 200,000 tons of rock wool, about 40,000 tons of glass wool, about 50,000 beans of foam plastic, and about 6 million cubic meters of expanded perlite (approximately (including 450,000 tons) and 60,000 tons of other materials.
1.4 Decoration and decoration materials Building decoration and decoration materials are closely related to the improvement of people's living standards and living conditions, and are one of the types of building materials with great development potential. There are many varieties and categories, and they are updated very quickly.
Although the development of my country's construction decoration materials started late, it has a high starting point. In 1995, the annual output value of my country's decoration materials was approximately 40 billion yuan. From 1991 to 1995, the annual growth rate of decoration materials in my country was 30%. In 1996, the main product output was: 210 million square meters of wallpaper and wall coverings, 36 million square meters of plastic flooring, 650,000 tons of architectural coatings, 90,000 tons of plastic pipes, nearly 10 million square meters of plastic doors and windows, and 4.5 million square meters of chemical fiber carpets. At present, three-star hotels basically support their own production of decoration and decoration, and 30-40% of the decoration and decoration of four- to five-star hotels can be self-sufficient.
2 The Necessity of Producing New Building Materials Products Our country has a large population and relatively few resources per capita. For China, where the per capita possession of resources such as energy and arable land is only 1/4 of the world average, the national economy is It is more important and urgent to coordinate the development of society, resources and ecological environment. At present, solid clay bricks in my country still account for nearly 80% of the total production of wall materials. Problems such as high energy consumption, land destruction, and pollution are very serious. Each brick consumes 2.2 billion tons of clay resources, and brick making destroys about 120,000 acres of farmland. Energy consumption 82 million tons of standard coal, while emitting a large amount of dust and carbon dioxide. Therefore, the development of office-type building materials and products is related to the implementation of my country's sustainable development strategy, and is also related to the healthy development of the building materials industry.
The progress of the construction industry not only requires the quality and function of buildings to be perfect, but also requires them to be beautiful and harmless to human health. This requires the development of multifunctional and efficient new building materials and products. Only in this way can we adapt to the requirements of social progress.
As the building materials industry with the strongest correlation with the construction industry, 70% of its products are used in the construction industry. The development of new building materials and products is incorporated into architectural design and construction regulations to promote the application of new processes and promote the development of new building materials. Promoting the application of new building materials not only has considerable social benefits, but also has significant economic benefits. For example, the energy-saving cost of applying new insulation materials to buildings is far greater than the increased cost of replacing clay solid bricks with new building materials. Therefore, the development of new building materials and products is an important part of social progress and improving social and economic benefits.
3 Applications and Suggestions of New Building Materials With the development of the economy and the improvement of people's living standards, new building materials are widely used, ranging from the National Stadium to residential buildings.
my country's Water Cube uses a new type of environmentally friendly and energy-saving ETFE membrane material. At present, commercial housing has suddenly emerged in various cities. The new materials used in commercial housing mainly include thermal insulation materials, waterproof coatings, mineral wool sound-absorbing panels, etc. As human consumption concepts are constantly changing, new decoration materials are what most people are pursuing. There are even more varieties of new decoration materials, including decorative gypsum boards, plastic profiles and doors and windows, plastic floors, wallpapers, wall coverings, etc. . These new building materials are also widely used in some hotels, guesthouses, theaters, etc.
To this end, some suggestions are put forward for new building materials:
1. Combine different regions and different building types, focus on new wall materials, and aim at new products with market prospects , new technologies, focusing on using as little natural resources as possible, reducing energy consumption and using a large amount of total revenue waste as raw materials; trying to use production technologies that do not pollute the environment; trying to ensure that products not only do not harm human health, but are beneficial to human health ;Strengthen the development of products with multiple functions and good social benefits.
2. Combined with the actual conditions of various places, select a group of cities with basic foundations and powerful new building materials and product production enterprise groups and bases for key development, so as to form a large-scale production and supporting capabilities. Large-scale new building materials and products enterprise group and production base. Combined with the pilot work of residential industrialization, we will do a good job in developing new building materials and products in a number of cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin, so that they can form new buildings with unique characteristics, their own leading products and reasonable product structures, and a certain scale and supporting capabilities. The material base serves as a model for other large and medium-sized cities across the country.
4 Conclusion In summary, new building materials will continue to be updated, toxic materials will continue to decrease, and new green building materials products will continue to emerge. Its applications are found in all walks of life. The development and application of building materials play a mutually reinforcing role.
References:
[1] China Materials Network "Analysis and Prospects of New Building Materials Industry Situation"