Types of brandy 1. French brandy (Franch Brandy) Any French grape distilled wine other than Cognac and Armagnac is collectively called brandy. The government does not have many rigid regulations in the production and brewing process of these brandies. Generally, they can be sold on the market without too long brewing and storage. There are many types of brands, the prices are relatively low, the quality is good, and the outer packaging It is also very particular and very competitive in the world market. Franch Brandy French brandy, "Napoleon" (Napoleon) and "X?O" (special brew) are often marked on the wine's trademark to distinguish its grade. Among them, the one labeled "Napoleon" is the most common. Better brands include: BARDINET, the French brandy with the largest production and sales volume in France, is also one of the French brandies with the largest sales volume in duty-free shops around the world. Its brand was founded in 1857. In addition, there are CHOTEAU, COURRIERE, etc., as well as French brandies such as Rich Man and General, which are common in bars in our country. 2. MARC BRANDY “Marc” means dregs in French, so many people call this type of brandy grape marc brandy. It is produced by re-distilling the high-alcohol grape pulp, core, and peel residues that have been filtered out after fermentation when making red wine. The alcohol-containing liquid extracted is then brewed and stored in oak barrels. Distilled alcoholic beverages. It is produced in many famous wine producing areas in France, among which Bourgogne, Champagne, Alsace, etc. are the most famous ones. Bourgogne is the most famous production area of ??Marc brandy. The Marc brandy produced in this region needs to be aged in oak barrels for many years, and the longest can be more than ten years. The Champagne region is slightly inferior to it, while the Marc brandy produced in the Alsace region does not need to be aged in oak barrels, so the wine has a strong aroma and is colorless and transparent. In addition, the Alsace region The produced brandy must be chilled in the refrigerator before drinking. Famous brands of Marc brandy include: Domaine Pierre (Marc de Bourgogne), Camus (Marc de Bourgogne), Massenez (Alsace Marc), Dopff (Alsace Marc) ), Leon Beyer Leon? Bill (Alsace Marc), Gilbert Miclo Gilbert? Mick (Champagne Marc), etc. In Italy, grape pomace brandy is called CRAPPA Grappa. There are more than 2,000 brands in Italy, and most of the breweries are concentrated in northern Italy, using single distillers for distillation and brewing. Grappa is divided into two types: popular products and high-end products. The popular products are colorless and transparent because they have not been aged. The high-end products generally need to be aged in oak barrels for more than one year, so they are slightly yellow in color. Grappa's famous brands include: Ania, Capezzana, Barbaresco, Nardini, Reimandi, etc. 3. APPLE BRANDY Apple brandy is a kind of fruit brandy brewed by fermenting apples, squeezing out apple juice, and then distilling it. Its main production areas are in northern France and many apple production areas in the world such as the United Kingdom and the United States. The apple brandy produced in the United States, known as "Apple Jack", needs to be aged in oak barrels for five years before it can be sold. It's called "Pomal" in Canada and "Apfelschnapps" in Germany. The world's most famous apple brandy is produced in Calvados, Normandy, France, and is called "Calvados". The wine is amber in color, with bright yellow luster, fragrant aroma, rich fruit aroma, slightly sweet taste, and the alcohol content is around 40-50 degrees. Generally, apple brandy produced in France needs to be aged for ten years before it can be sold. Famous brands of apple brandy: Chateau Du Breuil, Boulard, Dupont, Roger Groult, etc.

4. Kirschwasser: The main raw material used in this kind of wine is cherries. During brewing, the fruit stems must be removed, the fruits are pressed, water is added to ferment them, and then they are distilled and brewed. Its main producing areas are Alsace in France, Schwarzwald in Germany, Switzerland and Eastern Europe. In addition, there are many brandies brewed from other fruits around the world, but their output, sales volume and reputation are not as large as those above, such as plum brandy, apple brandy, etc. Gargantuan wine, etc. Supplementary answers

5. Brandy produced in other countries 1. American Brandy American brandy is represented by brandy from California. About 200 years ago, brandy began to be distilled in California. By the mid-19th century, brandy had become an important subsidiary product of the California government's wine industry. The main brands are: E&J, Christian Brothers, Guild, etc. 2. Spanish Brandy Spanish Brandy is mainly used as a raw material for the production of gin and liqueur. The main brands are: Carlos Carlos, Conde De Osborne, Fundador, Magno, Soberano, Terry, etc. Answer supplement

3. Italian Brandy Italy is one of the countries that produces and consumes a large amount of brandy, and it is also one of the countries that exports the most brandy. Famous products include: Buton, Stock, Vecchia Romagna, etc. 4. German Brandy (German Brandy) The Rhine region is the production center of Germany. Its famous brands include: Asbach, Goethe, Jacobi, etc. In addition to the above countries that produce brandy, there are also Cumeada from Portugal, Metaxa from Greece, Noyac from Armenia, Kwv from South Africa, Ontario from Canada, Countries such as Guild produce better quality brandy. And my country's Changyu Gold Medal Brandy, which won the gold medal at the 1915 Panama International Exposition, is also one of the better brandy brands. Supplementary answer

The expression of the age of brandy. What is often seen on the label of brandy is the labeling of the age of the wine. In the United States, "-year wine age" is directly marked on the label, and the empty space will be filled in according to the age of the latest wine used in the product, and only grapes stored in oak for no less than two years Only distilled spirits are eligible to fill in the age of the wine. In Australia, the age of wine is expressed as Mature (at least two years), 0ld (at least five years), and Very 0ld (at least ten years). The above is only allowed on the label after the specified aging time has been reached in the barrel. logo. In Portugal, when it is labeled "aguardente vinica vitha", it means "aged wine eaux-de-vie" and its aging time is at least one year. In Yugoslavia, the number of stars is used to express it. Three stars indicate three years of aging. If the aging period exceeds three years, "extra" (extra old) is allowed on the label. Answer supplement

In Germany, when the aging time reaches 12 months, you have the right to indicate the age of the wine and do not have to indicate the aging time. In France, the management rules for wine eaux-de-vie named after their place of origin are very strict, while the rules for other wines eaux-de-vie and brandy are much looser. In order, they can be divided into *** (three-star), wine The age of wine is less than four and a half years (low-end); V.O (mid-range), V.O.S.P (high-end); F.O.V (high-end) wine age is not less than four and a half years; EXTRA, NAPOLEAN (Napoleon) wine age is not less than five and a half years; X.O Club, Te Chun X.O and other wines aged more than six years. Supplementary answers

Tasting and appreciating brandy A good brandy is a work of art, which makes people yearn for and be intoxicated.

The appreciation of art cannot be separated from people, and the appreciation and evaluation of brandy can only rely on human sense organs. Wine glass The best wine glass for tasting or drinking brandy is a tulip flower-shaped goblet. This cup shape allows the aromatic components of the brandy to slowly rise. When tasting brandy, do not pour too much wine, no more than 1/4 of the cup capacity, and leave enough space in the cup so that the aroma of the brandy lingers here. This allows the taster to carefully analyze, appreciate and appreciate the various aromatic components of different lengths, strengths and weaknesses in the brandy. Supplementary answers

Appreciation The first step in tasting brandy: raise the glass to eyebrow level and observe the clarity and color of the brandy. A good brandy should be clear and shiny. The second step in tasting brandy: smell the aroma of the brandy. The aromatic components of brandy are very complex, including the elegant grape variety aroma, the rich oak aroma, as well as the ester aroma and aging aroma obtained during the distillation and storage processes. Because the human olfactory organ is particularly sensitive, when the nose is close to the glass, you can smell an elegant aroma, which is the first aroma of brandy. Then shake the cup gently, and the unique mellow aroma of brandy is exuded, like linden flowers, grape flowers, dried grape twigs, pressed grape pomace, violets, vanilla, etc. This fragrance is very delicate, elegant and rich, and is the after-flavor of brandy. Answer supplement

The third step in tasting brandy: tasting it in the mouth. Wine is made for people to drink. Only by tasting it can you know whether it is good or bad. The aroma components of brandy are very complex. It has the pungent taste of ethanol, the slightly sweet taste of simple sugars, the bitter taste of tannin polyphenols and the slightly sour taste of organic acid components. Good brandy, the various stimulations of sour, sweet, bitter and spicy are harmonious and complementary to each other. Once it touches the lips, it is mellow and flawless, with impeccable taste. The taste buds on the tongue and the feeling of the oral mucosa can identify the quality of the brandy. The taster takes a small sip of brandy and lets it spread and swirl in the mouth, allowing the tongue and mouth to contact and feel it extensively. The taster can experience the wonderful aroma, taste, and characteristics of the brandy: harmonious, mellow, and sweet. , clear, delicate, plump, long-lasting, pure... all of these allow you to identify and enjoy your favorite brandy. Supplementary answers

Five commonly used ways to drink brandy: 1. 2/3 hot coffee + 1/3 brandy (more like the taste of Irish coffee) 2. 1/2 hot sugar water + 1/2 brandy 3 , 2/3 hot tea + 1/3 brandy 4. Add Pepsi. 5. Add 3 ice cubes + mineral water + slowly pour in brandy