Classification of famous Chinese tea

It is mainly divided into green tea, black tea, oolong tea (also known as green tea), white tea, yellow tea, dark tea and reprocessed tea

◆Green tea--

Also known as unfermented tea. It is made from suitable new shoots of tea trees and is made through typical processes such as greening, rolling and drying. According to different drying and fixing methods, it is generally divided into fried green, baked, sun-dried and steamed green tea. Green tea has the characteristics of "clear soup and green leaves, strong astringent taste". Green tea is the earliest tea in history, dating back more than 3,000 years. It is also the tea with the largest output in my country. The production areas are mainly distributed in Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi and other provinces.

Representative teas include West Lake Longjing, Huangshan Maofeng and Biluochun:

West Lake Longjing

referred to as Longjing. Produced in the mountainous area around Longjing Village southwest of West Lake in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province. Fresh leaves are harvested four times each spring. The tea picked before Qingming is called "Mingqian tea". Its shape resembles the heart of a lotus, so it is called "Lianxin". Tea picked before Grain Rain is called "Yuqian tea", also known as Second Spring tea. Its shape resembles a flag or a gun, so it is called "Flag Gun". The three-spring tea picked at the beginning of summer looks like a bird's tongue, so it is called "bird's tongue". Sichun tea comes with tea stems, so it is called "stem slices". Longjing tea has four unique features: one is unique in color, two is unique in fragrance, three is unique in taste, and four is unique in shape. That is, it is green in color, rich in aroma, mellow and refreshing, and shaped like a bird's tongue. Longjing tea contains amino acids, catechins, vitamins and other ingredients, which have the effects of promoting body fluids and quenching thirst, refreshing the mind, digesting food and resolving greasiness, reducing inflammation and detoxifying.

Huangshan Maofeng

Once known as "Huangshan Yunwu Tea", it was created during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty and is mainly produced in Huangshan and Shexian areas of Anhui. The ones produced in Songguan, Suoqiaoan, Yungu Temple, Taohuafeng and other places have the best quality. In "Cha Shu" written by Xu Cishu of the Ming Dynasty, it was compared with Qiantang Longjing. "Huangshan Chronicle" records: "Emperor Lianhua Temple cultivated tea in the rock crevices. It has a strong fragrance and a cold rhyme that hits people with broken jaws. It is called Huangshan Cloud and Mist." Its characteristics are: beautiful appearance, each piece is about half an inch long, the buds and leaves are fat and even, thin and slightly curled, with many and exposed pekoe, the pointed buds are nestled tightly in the leaves, the shape is like a bird's tongue, the color is oily and bright, green and slightly yellow. . When brewing, the mist forms and the fragrance overflows, refreshing the mind. The tea soup is clear and bright, with a long-lasting aroma like orchids, mellow and refreshing, and a sweet aftertaste. It can be described as "elegant and refined, a fairy in tea"

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Biluochun is produced in the east and west mountains of Dongting, Wuxian County, Jiangsu Province. From late March to mid-April every year, the tea buds can be picked when they grow to 1-2 cm. The younger the fresh leaves are, the more pekoe will be produced when the dried tea is made, and the better the quality will be. The finished product has a compact shape, slender cords, freshness and fluidity, a green and clear soup color, and a sweet aftertaste.

◆Black tea--

Also known as fermented tea. It is made from the new buds and leaves of the tea tree suitable for making this product, and is refined through typical processes such as withering, rolling, fermentation, and drying. The color of its soup is mainly red, hence its name. Black tea can be divided into souchong black tea, gongfu black tea and broken black tea, which is the second largest tea category in my country.

Representative teas include Qihong and Dianhong:

Qihong

Qimen Black Tea is also known as "Qimen Kung Fu Tea". "Qimen Oolong". Famous tea produced in Qimen, Guichi and other places in Anhui Province. It has excellent quality and is famous both at home and abroad for its fragrant aroma, mellow sweetness, and is the most famous among black teas. It won the gold medal at the 1915 Panama International Exposition. The characteristics of this tea are: dark color, tight and thin strips, and beautiful edges. The soup is bright red and transparent, and the bottom of the leaves is bright red. The taste is mellow and the aftertaste is meaningful. Even if milk is added, the tea aroma will not be reduced. It has always been famous for its high fragrance. It has a fruity and floral fragrance. It is known as the "Keemun fragrance" and its reputation is growing.

Dianhong

The shape of the tea is tightly knotted, fat and majestic. The dry tea is dark in color with prominent golden hairs. The soup is bright in color, the aroma is fresh and long, and the taste is rich and refreshing.

◆Oolong tea--

Also known as green tea, semi-fermented tea. It is a tea category with unique characteristics among the major tea categories in my country. Oolong tea combines the production methods of green tea and black tea. Its quality is between green tea and black tea. It has the strong flavor of black tea, the refreshing fragrance of green tea, and has the reputation of having green leaves with red edges. The pharmacological effects of oolong tea are outstanding in decomposing fat, losing weight and building bodybuilding. It is called beauty tea and bodybuilding tea in Japan.

Representative teas include Wenshan Baozhong Tea, Anxi Tieguanyin, Dongding Oolong Tea, and Wuyi Dahongpao:

Wenshan Baozhong Tea

Lightly semi-fermented oolong tea . Produced in Taipei City and Taoyuan County in northern Taiwan Province.

The finished tea has a curly shape, golden tea soup, and a natural, elegant and fragrant smell. Wenshan Baozhong tea is rich in nutritional and health-care ingredients, which can strengthen the heart and diuresis, eliminate fatigue, eliminate blood fat, and prevent vascular sclerosis.

Anxi Tieguanyin

It is the best oolong tea and is produced in Yaoyang Township, Anxi County, Fujian Province. Picking and processing technology: Picking is done four times a year. Spring tea is picked at the beginning of summer, summer tea is picked after the summer solstice, summer tea is picked after the Great Heat, and autumn tea is picked before the white dew. Spring tea is the best. The finished tea is curly in shape, fat and round in shape, heavy and even; has an oily color and a mellow and sweet taste, and is known as the king of teas. Drinking it has the effects of clearing the mind and improving eyesight, preventing arteriosclerosis, lowering fat and losing weight.

Dongding Oolong Tea

Produced in Dongding Mountain, a branch of Fenghuang Mountain in Nantou County, Taiwan. The finished product has a hemispherical curved shape, a dark green color, a natural fragrance, and a soup color It is orange-yellow in color and has a mellow and sweet taste. Spring tea has the best quality.

◆White tea--

White tea is a slightly fermented tea and is a special treasure among the teas in my country. It is named because the finished tea is mostly buds, covered with pekoe, like silver and snow. The main production areas are in Fujian Province (Taiwan Province also has a small amount of production) in Jianyang, Fuding, Zhenghe, Songxi and other counties. The production process of white tea is generally divided into two processes: withering and drying, and the key is withering. The characteristic of the white tea production method is that it neither destroys the activity of enzymes nor promotes oxidation, and maintains the fragrance and freshness of the soup.

The main varieties include White Peony and Baihao Silver Needle:

Pekko Silver Needle

Silver Needle, also known as Baihao Silver Needle. The finished product is mostly buds, covered with white hairs, white as silver, and as thin as needles, hence its elegant name. Pekoe tea is the best of the only white tea varieties. It is as famous as Junshan Silver Needle and has been a tribute to the royal family in the past dynasties. The finished tea buds of Silver Needle are fat and thick, covered with white hairs, bright white in color, shining like silver, long and straight, like shuttles and needles. The color of the soup is clear and bright, light apricot yellow. The fragrance is revealed in the mouth, and it is sweet and refreshing. Its cold nature has the effect of detoxifying, reducing fever and reducing fire. It is regarded as a good medicine for treating measles.

White Peony

It is shaped like a flower with green leaves sandwiching a silver-white heart. After brewing, the green leaves hold the buds, just like buds blooming, hence the name. The finished product has a fat core, tender leaves, wrinkled bulges, leaf edges curled toward the back of the leaf, buds and leaves connected to branches, the color of the leaf surface is dark gray-green, and the back of the leaf is covered with white hairs; the fragrance is clear, the taste is fresh and mellow, and the soup color is apricot or orange. Clear: The bottom of the leaves is light gray and the veins are reddish. It is cool in nature and has the effect of reducing fever and reducing fire.

◆Yellow tea--

People discovered from fried green tea that due to insufficient or delayed drying after rolling and rolling, the leaves turned yellow, so a new category was born - —yellow tea.

Yellow tea is a type of fermented tea. The production of yellow tea is similar to that of green tea. The difference is that there is an extra step of stuffing. This stale heaping process is the main feature of the yellow tea production method and is also the basic difference between it and green tea. Yellow tea is divided into three categories: yellow bud tea, yellow small tea and yellow large tea according to the tenderness of the fresh leaves and the size of the buds and leaves.

Representative teas include Mengding Huangya and Huoshan Huangya:

Junshan Silver Needle - one of the best Huangya teas

Junshan Silver Needle is a registered trademark Named "Junshan", it is a needle-shaped yellow tea. In the Tang and Song dynasties, people named it Huang Lingmao and Baihe Ling because its shape resembled bird feathers. In the Qing Dynasty, it was renamed Baimaojian because of the white fluff of the tea. The current name was established in 1957.

Silver Needle Tea is produced on Junshan Island in Dongting Lake, Yueyang City, Hunan Province. From ancient times to the present, it has been known as the Four Uniques for its color, aroma, taste and strangeness. In ancient times, the annual output of Junshan tea was only more than one kilogram, and the current output is only 300 kilograms.

The fresh leaves of Silver Needle Tea are mined three or four days before the Qingming Festival every year, and are made from a single tea tip picked first in spring tea. It takes about 50,000 tea buds to make 1 kilogram of Silver Needle Tea. Although its production process is exquisite, the appearance is not modified, but must be kept as it is, focusing only on the three aspects of color, aroma and taste.

The finished product of Junshan Silver Needle has a strong, firm and straight bud head, white hairs like feathers, and a golden and bright bud body. It is known as "gold inlaid with jade"; the inner substance is fragrant and tender, the soup color is apricot yellow, and the taste is bright. It is sweet and refreshing, and the bottom of the leaves is thick and bright.

Mengding Huangya - the second best Huangya tea

Mengding Huangya is famous for its registered trademark Huangshan. Due to the different registered trademarks of the manufacturers, the name of the tea is " The difference between "mountain" and "top". Produced in the Mengdingshan Mountains of Mingshan County, Sichuan Province.

Mengding Huangya uses the round fat single buds picked from the scales picked before the Qingming Festival every year to make finished tea. The soup is yellow in color, translucent in color, sweet and fragrant, sweet and refreshing, and all the buds at the bottom of the leaves are tender yellow.

The cultivation of Mengding tea began in the Western Han Dynasty and has a history of 2,000 years. In ancient times, it was used as a tribute for emperors to enjoy. After the founding of New China, it was rated as one of the top ten famous teas in the country. .

Huoshan Huangya - the third best yellow bud tea

Huoshan Huangya is produced in Jingangtai, Jinji Mountain, Dahuaping, Huoshan County, Anhui Province. and Jinzhuping and other places, but the products produced by Jingangtai are of the best quality. The finished tea buds and leaves are straight and even, yellow-green in color, tender and fine, shaped like a bird's tongue, the soup is bright yellow-green with yellow circles, the bottom of the leaves is bright yellow, the taste is rich and mellow, sweet and refreshing, with the aroma of ripe chestnuts, and a refreshing fragrance after drinking. feeling.

◆Dark tea--

It is a unique tea with a long production history in my country. During the processing, the fresh leaves are fermented and turned black, so it is called dark tea. Black tea can be brewed and drank directly, or it can be pressed into pressed tea (such as various brick teas). Mainly produced in Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan and Guangxi provinces and autonomous regions. Because it is mainly sold to border areas, the pressed tea made from black tea is also called border-marketed tea.

The representative tea is Pu'er tea:

Pu'er tea

Produced in Pu'er, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Simao and other places, the production history is very long, dating back to the Tang Dynasty There is a Pu'er tea trade with the Kangzang area. Pu'er tea is made from the fresh leaves of Yunnan large-leaf tea trees. During the processing, there is a special process of splashing water and accumulating fermentation, which gives the finished tea a unique aged aroma. Pu'er tea has many effects such as lowering blood lipids, losing weight, aiding digestion, sobering up, and detoxifying. After eating meat and wine, people often make a cup of Pu'er tea to aid digestion, sober up and refresh themselves. Pu'er tea is popular in many countries and the Bay Area and is known as beauty tea, slimming tea and longevity tea. Pu'er tea can be made into Pu'er Tuo tea, Qizi cake tea and Pu'er tea bricks after being steamed and pressed.

◆Reprocessed tea--

Products that are reprocessed from the raw materials of basic teas—green tea, black tea, oolong tea, white tea, yellow tea, and dark tea are called reprocessed tea. Processed tea. It includes scented tea, pressed tea, extracted tea, fruity tea and medicinal health tea, etc., each with different tastes and effects.

Representative teas: Scented teas include jasmine tea and pearl orchid tea; pressed teas include Tuocha and Liubao tea; instant teas include Luyuan brand instant tea:

Scented tea

< p> It is made from tea leaves and fragrant flowers, and uses the adsorption property of tea leaves to absorb the fragrance of flowers. There are jasmine tea, pearl orchid tea, white orchid tea, rose tea, osmanthus tea, etc. The tea base for scented scented tea is mainly roasted green tea and a small amount of delicate fried green tea. During processing, the tea base and the flowers that are releasing fragrance are stacked layer by layer to allow the tea to absorb the fragrance of the flowers. After the fragrance of the flowers is absorbed, new flowers are replaced and scented according to the above method.

The aroma of scented tea depends on the number of flowers used and the number of times it is scented. The more times it is scented, the higher the aroma. Ordinary scented tea sold in the market is generally scented only once or twice. The scent of scented tea is rich and gives people a refreshing feeling after drinking. It is especially loved by people in North China and Northeast my country, and has been exported overseas in recent years.

Jasmine tea

It is the most produced and sold variety of scented tea and is produced in many tea areas. Among them, Ningde, Fuzhou, Fujian and Suzhou, Jiangsu produce the best quality. When scenting, the processed and dried tea leaves (mostly roasted green tea to make jasmine roasted green, or special famous teas such as Longjing, Dafang, Maofeng, etc. to make special jasmine tea) and budding jasmine flowers are pressed into a certain amount. The proportions are combined and completed through the processes of flowering, flowering, re-fire and jacquard. Jasmine Dabaihao, Tianshan Yinhao and Jasmine Sumenghao are top-grade scented teas.

Pearl Orchid Tea

is the main variety of scented tea in my country. It is mainly produced in She County, Anhui Province. In addition, it is also produced in Fujian, Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Sichuan and other places.

Zhulan scented tea is made from high-quality teas such as Huangshan Maofeng, Huizhou Bakingqing, Laozhu Dafang, etc., and added Zhulan or Milan scenting. Since the fragrance of pearl orchid flowers is long-lasting, it takes a long time for the tea leaves to completely absorb the floral fragrance. Therefore, if the pearl orchid tea is properly stored for a period of time (about 3-4 months), its aroma will be more intense and lasting. Orchid tea has the elegant fragrance of orchids and the freshness and sweetness of green tea, so it is especially favored by women.

Pressed tea

Before the Ming Dynasty, the group cake tea consumed in my country was pressed tea made by steaming and grinding the fresh leaves of the tea tree, pressing them into shapes and drying them with molds. Modern pressed tea is made from green tea, black tea or dark tea, which is steamed and pressed into shapes such as round cake, square, brick, cylindrical and so on. Among them, pressed tea made from black tea is the most popular. For bulk.

Tuocha

It looks like an upside-down thick-walled bowl with a diameter of about 80 centimeters. There are green tea Tuocha and black tea Tuocha. Green tea Tuocha is steamed and pressed from sun-dried green tea, and is called Yunnan Tuocha and Chongqing Tuocha; black tea Tuocha is steamed and pressed from Pu'er loose tea, and is called Yunnan Pu'er Tuocha. Yunnan Tuocha has a fragrant aroma and mellow taste, and has won the National Silver Award and the title of National Famous Tea; Chongqing Tuocha has won the International Gold Award; Yunnan Pu'er Tuocha has a unique aroma, mellow taste, and has significant blood-lipid-lowering effects, and has also won the International Gold Medal. Gold Award.

Liubao Tea

It is produced in Liubao Township, Cangwu County, Guangxi. It uses tea from Gongzhou Village and Heishi Village in Liubao Township as raw materials and is steamed and pressed into a cylindrical shape. Liubao tea has the quality characteristics of red, strong, mellow and aged, and is sold to Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong, Macao, Singapore and other places.

Instant tea

Instant tea is an easily soluble tea made from finished tea, semi-finished tea or fresh tea leaves and by-products through extraction, filtration, concentration, drying and other processes. A new type of tea beverage in the form of granules, powders or flakes that is dissolved in water without tea residue. It has the advantages of being easy to brew and carry, and does not contain pesticide residues. The main varieties of instant tea in my country include instant black tea, instant green tea, instant oolong tea, and instant health tea.