The normal color of thin moss is white. Because the filiform papilla of the tongue mucosa differentiates into a "keratinized tree", the keratinized epithelium falls off, and the branches of saliva, bacteria, mold and food residues are in the "keratinized tree", which is often filled with oozing white blood cells. These opaque substances covering the red blood vessels and keratinized epithelium of the tongue are wet white when they can absorb water, thus forming a thin white wet tongue.
Tongue is too white: mostly due to poor blood circulation, thin and slippery, such as exogenous wind-cold, thick and white, slippery and cold-damp or cold phlegm.
Yellowing of tongue coating: In the epidemic process of general fever, fierce competitive pathogens have arrived and become hot.
Black tongue: the filiform nipple of the tongue, due to the diffusion of black. Dark brown, gray and black, burning at different depths until darkness, and so on. According to China Medicine, patients with lichen at a certain stage have a long course of disease and their condition is more complicated and serious.
The tongue is gray, and the president is greasy, thin and slippery: it is more common in cold, and the first weak president has fever, or the long-term illness has signs of administrative indigestion.
Full-tongue lilac blue: lubrication without coating is typhoid yang syndrome.
Brown tongue: intestinal obstruction.
Mirror tongue: the tongue has no moss and is as smooth as a mirror. Some people think that malnutrition or lack of iron or vitamin B2, in severe cases, serious loss of body fluids and lack of disease. If the disease only needs the purple tongue of the mirror, it is necessary to prevent sepsis. If the tongue of the elderly is as smooth as a mirror, the two veins on the base of the tongue thicken and lengthen the lung and heart.
Tongue perforation: the narrow space in the middle of the tongue has been deprived. Penetrating the heart and tongue is a manifestation of yin injury, which is often considered as insufficient nutrition in the body. De-coating said that children's malnutrition is mainly due to partial eclipse, which leads to the lack of some nutrients in the body and causes the tongue coating to fall off. Children have poor physical resistance and are prone to colds or fever.
Cow tongue: dark red, strip-like cow tongue. Cow tongue is common in patients with pernicious anemia.
Moss is thick, big and loose. The shape of moss is like a thick layer on the tongue, which is convenient to scrape anywhere. If it's garbage, it's already piling up. It is suggested that Populus saprophyticus is a multifunctional airborne agent of gastric turbid rot, which indicates the improvement of the disease in battle.
The fur is white and greasy, the center and roots are thicker, and the tip of the tongue is slightly thinner. Small tongue with high particle density cannot be wiped off or scraped off. The tongue is covered with a layer of mucus, mostly covered with greasy tongue, which is invisible. Looking at it with a magnifying glass, the number of filiform papillae and its branches increased, and each papillae keratinized tree was intertwined and difficult to fall off, containing a lot of mucus and food particles buried. According to China medical science, greasy fur means that yang is inhibited by yin evil, and the human body must have wet turbid phlegm or indigestion stubborn phlegm to inhibit pathological changes. Such as acute and chronic gastroenteritis.
Mould coating: The coating is similar to qualitative rot coating, but the coating on the surface of ceramic tiles on the tongue, such as gray mud spots or cooked rice, is accumulated on the tongue by foreigners, so it can be identified as mould coating, mostly due to general weakness, or excessive glucocorticoid, immunosuppressant and broad-spectrum antibiotics, low immune function, poor resistance, flora imbalance, and fungi have opportunities for growth and reproduction. Moss first occupied the tongue, and then spread to the whole tongue or mouth, mostly serious diseases. Diagnosis of fungal lichen mycosis.
Thorn tongue: refers to many red thorn tongues sticking out their tongues, like strawberry fruits. All kinds of febrile infectious diseases or patients with extensive burns can have a tongue with excessive heat, mainly due to excessive heat toxin or heat entering the blood, which is prone to shock and delirium. Nervous insomnia, constipation or working at night, as well as vitamin deficiency, malnutrition and cerebral cortex dysfunction, such as red prickles on the tongue, are called yin deficiency and fire flourishing in traditional Chinese medicine. Tongue tingling, rest, adjust the nutritional structure, defecate unobstructed, tingling will soon disappear. Modern research shows that the first generation nipple pricked on the tongue is hyperplasia or hypertrophy.
Cracked tongue: There are deep cracks and shallow cracks on the tongue surface, as well as cracks and wrinkles in different directions. Like a wrinkled shallow crack, like a deep crack of a knife, cut it into pieces like an irregular crack. About 0.5% of people with normal tongue coating at birth suffer from congenital cleft lip. According to modern medicine, the shallow fissure of the tongue surface is mainly due to atrophy of the tongue mucosa, while the deep fissure of the tongue surface formed by the original vertical and horizontal stripes of the tongue muscle is a serious atrophic lesion. The lingual muscle epithelial layer lost its normal structure, some lingual papillae flattened and fused, and some atrophied and fractured to form cracks. The pattern of cleft tongue is really strange, longitudinal, transverse, tree-shaped, well-shaped, Yao-shaped, or like pebbles in the gyrus sulcus. Pathological cleft tongue often coexists with atrophic tongue, which can be seen in chronic glossitis caused by chronic wasting disease, malnutrition disease and vitamin B psychosis, so it is often caused by sores and dry mouth. Long-term tongue can be transformed into cracked tongue. According to "China Medicine", due to the heat, cracks, dry tongue and insufficient body fluid can also appear in the tongue.
Slippery tongue: no body fluid, no fur, smooth as a mirror, looks shiny, also known as "mirror tongue." No matter what the disease is, seeing this tongue indicates the symptoms of vulva, the death of the body and the serious loss of body fluids. The tongue is pale, scarlet fever, pale white tongue, and both qi and yin are injured. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that tongue slip is a key clinical observation in the treatment of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. Tongue slip has no moss spots, filamentous nipple, mushroom nipple atrophy and late glossitis. Glib tongue can be seen, which is severe vitamin C deficiency, pernicious anemia, chronic fever, liver cirrhosis and pulmonary heart and renal failure, chronic renal failure and uremia, toxic shock and brain coma. Studies have confirmed that various factors that lead to the necrosis of epithelial cells in the tongue mucosa may lead to the pale tongue as a mirror.
The tongue edge or tongue quality of cholestasis is purple, dark and blue, or there are scattered ecchymosis, indicating that the bleeding in the body has stopped. Blood stasis, slow blood flow, and even complete stagnation of blood flow in some places. Eating the tip of the tongue accidentally bites the tongue; Coupled with fragile blood vessels, people get sick and sometimes unconsciously scratch the blood vessels of the tongue. The tongue is sensitive and prone to bleeding, often more prone to bleeding than other parts of the human body. Most of them have irregular menstruation and dark menstruation, and often have symptoms such as blood clots and dysmenorrhea. China medicine with stagnant performance. It is also common for young women to use drugs to regulate ecchymosis or ecchymosis, ecchymosis on the tongue and ecchymosis. The blood circulation of menstruation blocks the microcirculation of the tongue, and the stable blood flow returns to normal, which can not only cure irregular menstruation and dysmenorrhea, but also eliminate ecchymosis and ecchymosis of the tongue. Many cancer patients have ecchymosis and ecchymosis on their tongues, sometimes accompanied by purple tongues. According to statistics, patients with malignant tumors account for about 50% of tongue purple, ecchymosis and ecchymosis, and about 20% of them suddenly appear ecchymosis and ecchymosis, which should be examined in detail and paid attention to.
Tongue: The increase of tooth marks on the edge of the tongue indicates that there is much fat in the tongue body, and the fat ratio is even higher than swelling. The tongue fills the mouth and becomes swollen, even affecting breathing and language. "China Medicine" holds that the fat on the tip of the tongue is insufficient or wet, and the fat and greasy tongue is mainly phlegm or wet swelling, and the tongue is bright red, which is often caused by heart and stomach heat and purple swelling, mostly alcoholism, tongue swelling and even swollen lips, often caused by drug poisoning or food poisoning. According to modern medicine, some patients with hypothyroidism, acromegaly, chronic nephritis, uremia and acute poisoning caused by tongue swelling, tongue connective tissue hyperplasia, tissue edema, or vascular and lymphatic reflux disorder, such as severe laryngeal edema, extremely swollen thyroid, and tongue swelling.
Thin and flat tongue: the tongue becomes thin and skinny. Modern medicine believes that a thin tongue will lead to malnutrition, atrophy of the muscles and epithelial mucosa of the tongue, which is more common in chronic wasting diseases, accompanied by emaciation, severe tuberculosis, pulmonary heart disease complicated with infection, and patients with advanced cancer, followed by long-term gastrointestinal dysfunction, vitamin and protein deficiency, and pernicious anemia. Chinese medicine believes that the tongue is thin and shriveled with the heart, heart and spleen. The tongue is weak, yin and yang, qi and blood are insufficient, so the tongue can not be supplemented, and the tongue is thin and flat, which can not be nourished; Compared with yin deficiency, fire is flourishing. Therefore, the deficiency of yin is more, and the flat tongue is thinner to reduce fire, which is more prosperous. Therefore, whether it is a new disease or a chronic disease, such as pale and dry tongue, the disease can not be light or shallow, such as dry lean meat, dry tongue and dry mouth, weight loss and other changes. The complexion is gloomy, and most of them have poor prognosis.
Skirt-side tongue: The tongue body is out of the extension range, and both sides of the mouth are swollen and fine. If lesbians use tooth pressure to combine with the lingual side of teeth, it marks the edge of the skirt. Tongue malnutrition, especially lack of protein, because in the body, it causes edema of the tongue. The thinking of tongue tissue is more sensitive than that of general organs, which may lead to edema in other parts of the body. BR/>；
Puncture on the tip of the tongue: puncture of raw materials on the tip of the tongue. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that this heat is toxic, and the heart and lungs are full of fire. Stomach heat is more common in excess heat such as high fever and pneumonia. Often eat coarse residue food, such as sugar cane, the nipple of the tongue will stand up and constantly stimulate the thorn, which can be distinguished from the presence or absence of other symptoms.
Stripping red coated tongue: Part of the tongue falls off, and take photos. Children with the most allergic constitution are prone to eczema, asthma and other allergic diseases by stripping their tongues, and their eating habits are often unbalanced. If they don't eat vegetables, malnutrition, anemia, vitamin deficiency and intestinal parasitic diseases often occur. Western medicine partial flower peeling tongue is called map-like tongue, because the peeling tongue has a bright red depression in the center and a small gray bulge on the edge, like a winding border on a map model. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that tongue coating shedding is congenital deficiency, and some drugs for tonifying kidney are needed to wear uniforms to improve physical fitness. Heda Pill Placenta Powder and the shedding of adult tongue coating belong to yin-blood loss. Semi-exfoliative heart-yin deficiency of the anterior tongue is mild; Exfoliation of tongue root, liver and kidney yin deficiency is heavier; Tongue coating falls off, commonly known as heart-shaped tongue, indicating that the yin injury is very serious.
The proportion of pale tongue, pale tongue, red, white, redder and white can be divided into two categories: one is slightly lighter than the normal tongue, but the red, dry and white tongue is bloodless, and the lips and gums are pale, and the other is simple. The tongue is pale, healthy and usually fatter than normal people. The tongue coating is moist, the excess is soaked in it, and the floating fat is delicate. The teeth marks are obvious, and the edges of the tongue are pale because the teeth are crowded around the tongue like lotus leaves, which is an important sign of Xu zhēng and poor blood circulation. A thick pale white tongue, similar in size to a normal human body, or slightly thin, has a lubricating effect, but it is not full of body fluid, short of breath, weak voice, spontaneous sweating, palpitation, dizziness, tinnitus, no oral decay, pale face or chlorosis, which can be diagnosed as deficiency of both qi and blood. For example, the tongue is pale and white, the tongue is tender and moist, the body fluid is sufficient, and the teeth marks on the inner side of the tongue edge are moist. Modern medicine has confirmed that pale tongue is more common in patients with anemia, protein deficiency and malnutrition. Chronic nephritis, hypothyroidism, hypotension, advanced schistosomiasis hypothermia and myxedema may be related to pale tongue. Patients are mainly due to endocrine disorders, metabolism reduces the contraction of peripheral blood vessels and reduces the slow flow of blood, so the color of the tongue becomes pale. Protein's metabolic disorder, decreased serum total protein and albumin, caused tissue edema.
Scarlet tongue leads to floating, fat and tender tongue, making it pale, pale and tender. Normal tongue color is reddish and moist. If the tongue is red, mainly red, it is called red tongue. The darker the tongue, the redder it is, and it is called purple tongue. Before the arrival of purple tongue, the clinical significance and formation mechanism of red tongue and coating stage were similar. It is often said that a bright red tongue is a symbol of fiery inflammation, which is only caused by temperature difference, red tongue and high fever, and mostly occurs in infection. The bright red or dark red tongue indicates that heat enters the blood, but the nature of heat is actually different. The difference between the two is that:
-The real hot tongue is crimson: the most acute fever, which comes on quickly and is pathogenic, but the justice is not bad, the calorific value is high, and even the consciousness turns black. Nonsense, the tongue is crimson, full of vitality, full of red thorns and prominent tongue stems are cracked, and the tongue coating is yellow, rough or burnt. When temperature evil invades the camp. The main contradiction is toxic heat, even if the yin injury is not serious, you should take large doses of drugs immediately. Fever intensifies, scarlet tongue is slow.
-Yin deficiency and red tongue: more common in the late stage of chronic consumptive diseases, or fever, pathogenic heat and low arrogance. However, excessive consumption of yin, blood and body fluid is manifested as the phenomenon of weakness of vital energy, such as fever in the afternoon, red and upset face, less urine, dark color, dry mouth and excessive drinking, red or purple tongue, but dark color. At present, it is not clear that there is little or no tongue coating, which leads to dryness, thirst and marginal tongue. The color is purple and dark, the tongue surface is smooth as a mirror, the tongue is dry, and the stomach, kidney, yang and body fluid are damaged. Yin-nourishing drugs not only have a large dosage, but also take into account the spleen and stomach. If the treatment time is longer than this number, the blushing tongue can only appear in local clinical significance.
Tongue belongs to the heart, and gastric scraps are distributed in the area of liver and gallbladder near the tongue. Therefore, when most tongues are light and bright red, they can be distinguished according to their own positions. For example, the tongue is red, the liver and gallbladder on both sides of the tongue are red, and the stomach is full of fire. Paleness depends on lux, which is often mostly false. Common cases are red tongue and infectious fever caused by some chronic wasting diseases, such as epidemic hemorrhagic fever, Japanese encephalitis, septicemia, cholecystitis, bacterial meningitis, heatstroke, fever or fever, and low fever after long-term consumption such as tuberculosis and cancer. Sjogren's syndrome, dehydration and imbalance of water and oil can also cause postoperative red tongue. All diseases with elevated basal metabolism, such as hyperthyroidism, hypertension and diabetes, have red tongue color. Excessive use of diuretics in ascites of patients with liver cirrhosis will lead to water loss in the body, decreased serum potassium, scarlet tongue and pale tongue fluid, indicating that patients with liver cirrhosis are about to enter a state of hepatic coma, and preventive measures should be taken as soon as possible.
Purple tongue: The difference between full tongue and blue tongue is bruise and bruise. The so-called full tongue cyanosis refers to the uniform distribution of cyan or purple vermilion on the tongue surface, or pink mixed with green and blue (green is more than purple). The so-called cyanosis appears on the left or right tongue, or on the left and right sides of the tongue, and along the central groove between the tongue side and the tongue piece, cyanosis appears in one or two columns; Or only bruises and bruises, and other parts of the tongue, but no bruises.
Yangmei tongue: The red thorn on the tongue is similar to Yangmei, which is common in patients with scarlet fever or fever lasting for more than several days. Red tongue, which is common in hypertension, hyperthyroidism or fever, often leads to excessive consumption and lack of vitamins or other nutrients due to long-term work, frequent insomnia and Guo Kang. The tongue is dark red or purple for a long time, so be alert to the invasion of cancer. 33 hospitals affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 12448 patients with different types of cancer. The results show that the tongue of most cancer patients is dark red or purple, especially esophageal cancer and cardiac cancer, accounting for 80%, followed by leukemia and lung cancer. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the lowest, accounting for about 20%; Patients with advanced diseases are more likely than patients with early diseases.
Tongue stiffness: Tongue stiffness neither expands nor contracts, but it is difficult to move, losing the usual sign of softness and flexibility, also known as "tongue". Rigid tongue rotation does not work, and it is often accompanied by clumsy, vague or discontinuous language. Tongue is common in some serious diseases, such as coma and convulsion. Sudden fainting, often accompanied by hemiplegia, mouth and eyes askew and other symptoms; There is an emergency alert for fainting and stroke. Modern medicine believes that tongue hardness is often caused by central nervous system failure. For example, patients with Japanese encephalitis, high fever coma, hepatic coma, cerebrovascular accident, concussion and brain contusion and laceration often see tongue coating. It is seldom differentiated from hard tongue due to local factors, such as severe tongue ulcer or thick coating accumulation of hard tongue, inflexible rotating tongue, etc., but it is easy to cause central nervous system diseases.
Soft tongue: the normal state of soft tongue, but the tongue is soft, weak, rotating and stretching, which is called soft tongue, atrophy of soft tongue and any part of soft body. Although their reasons are different, one of the main reasons for the atrophy and relaxation of tendons and muscles is that the tongue is slack and pale, mostly due to the loss of heart and blood, which is not enough to nourish the tongue. Compared with disability allowance, it is extremely hot. The tongue is weak and soft, but its color is dry and crimson, which is an extreme manifestation of yang deficiency and an evil spirit.
Skew tongue: when the tongue body is stretched, the tip of the tongue is biased to one side, or left or right, which is called tongue skew. The affected lingual muscle is paralyzed, unable to contract, and both sides of the tongue are uneven and slightly stretched, which makes the left chin tongue paralyzed on the left side and the tongue is paralyzed on the right side of the extralingual muscle. This disease is common in strokes and cerebrovascular accidents. Compared with local diseases, hypoglossal nerve is caused by compression injury or facial paralysis. Unexplained tongue deviation should be vigilant to exclude intracranial space occupying lesions.
A trembling tongue quivers involuntarily and sticks out its tongue. It is caused by hyperactivity, wind or qi deficiency and excessive heat. Due to hyperactivity of wind, there is more and more excess heat, and the color of the tongue is more and more red and deep red, and the tongue is more and more pale due to qi. Tongue vibration can be seen in high fever, hyperthyroidism, hypertension and some nervous system diseases.
Tongue curl: the tongue contracts, but does not extend, and some can't reach out of the mouth or even the teeth. In this case, we can see that the congenital lingual frenulum is short and elastic, so that the tongue cannot stick out of the mouth. Orthopedic lingual frenulum amputation is needed to restore tongue movement as soon as possible. Because of the atrophy of the tongue, because of the disease, the tongue is weak at the same time, and the curl and rotation of the tongue protruding outward also lose its elasticity and softness. A disease that causes tongue contraction due to yin and yang, a critical disease, or a hot weather storm.
Tongue Spitting: The tongue is hard to stretch or contract, and drools, which is called vertical and vertical red tongue. The tongue is full, the mind is unclear, the ridicule is impermanent, and the mind is disturbed by phlegm-resolving and heat-evil. Numbness of longitudinal tongue, shortcomings. Children with hypothyroidism often have large tongues, which stick out through their teeth or hang in the estuary.
Tongue wiping: The tongue repeatedly sticks out of the mouth, which is called lip wiping. Heart-heat and wind movement are also precursors of stunting of smart children. Before applying for a different tongue, it is difficult to expand and contract, but it is difficult to stretch and contract, but repeatedly spit and contract.
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