Guangdong has a long history. According to research, the "Qujiang Maba people" lived and multiplied in Guangdong more than 100,000 years ago. At the end of the Qin Dynasty and the beginning of the Han Dynasty, it was once called the Kingdom of Nanyue; in the Han Dynasty, Panyu was a famous city in the country; in the Tang Dynasty, Guangzhou opened a "shipping department" and became a famous foreign trade port; by the Qing Dynasty, Foshan had become the national handicraft center and one of the four famous One of the towns. Guangdong also has a long tradition of commercial trade and acceptance of foreign civilizations. It is one of the birthplaces of my country's modern industry and national industry. It is also one of the earliest treaty ports in Chinese history and the starting point of the famous "Maritime Silk Road". Guangdong is also a famous hometown of overseas Chinese in China. There are about 6 million compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao who are originally from Guangdong, and about 22 million overseas Chinese and Chinese, accounting for about 2/3 of the country. They are spread across more than 100 countries and regions on five continents of the world, concentrated in Thailand and Malaysia. , Indonesia, Vietnam, Singapore, the United States, Canada, France, the United Kingdom and Australia and other places.
Guangdong Province is one of the more populous and densely populated provinces in my country. According to population data released by the statistics department, the permanent population of Guangdong Province at the end of 2007 was 94.49 million (registered population 81.5605 million), including an urban population of 59.661 million, an urbanization rate of 63.14%, and a population density of 526 people/square kilometer. There are 53 ethnic groups in Guangdong among the 56 ethnic groups in the country. The ethnic minority population accounts for about 1.4% of the total population of the province, and the majority are Zhuang, Yao, She, Hui, and Manchu.
Guangdong Province is at the forefront of China's reform and opening up. Reform and opening up has promoted Guangdong to form a new pattern of all-round, multi-level and wide-ranging opening up to the outside world. Guangdong vigorously develops an open economy, adheres to the scientific outlook on development, and uses informatization to drive industrialization, which has promoted economic prosperity, made various social undertakings prosperous, and made remarkable achievements.
(1) The comprehensive economic strength has been greatly improved
Since the reform and opening up, the national economy of Guangdong Province has developed continuously, rapidly and healthily. The transformation of the growth mode has achieved remarkable results, the quality of economic development has steadily improved, and the national The economy has initially shown a good development trend of "three lows, two highs and one increase" of low investment, low consumption, low pollution, high growth, high efficiency, and continued increase in the income of urban and rural residents. In 2007, the province's gross national product reached 3.0673 billion yuan, an average annual growth rate of 14.5% compared with 2002 and an increase of 14.5% over the previous year. Its proportion in the country increased from 1/9 in 2002 to 1/8. The economic aggregate continued to It surpassed Singapore and Hong Kong, China, among the "Four Little Dragons" in Asia, and then Taiwan, China. The per capita GDP exceeds US$4,000. Fiscal revenue is coordinated with economic growth. Total fiscal revenue from Guangdong increased from 280 billion yuan to 775 billion yuan, and local general budget revenue increased from 120.1 billion yuan to 278.5 billion yuan. On a comparable basis, the average annual growth rate was 21.4% and 19.5% respectively. %, an increase of 34.7% and 28.0% respectively over the previous year in 2007. Industrial economic benefits have been significantly improved, and the total profits of industrial enterprises above designated size have increased by 3.4 times. The overall level of consumer prices increased by an average annual rate of 2.3%, remaining at a relatively reasonable level. Consumption and investment tend to be coordinated, with the total retail sales of consumer goods reaching 1,059.8 billion yuan, an average annual growth rate of 14.5%; the fixed asset investment in the whole society reached 959.5 billion yuan, an average annual growth rate of 19.3%, keeping the investment growth rate lower than the national average and the economic growth rate higher than the national average horizontal posture.
(2) Significant progress has been made in the adjustment of industrial structure
The industrial layout and structure of Guangdong Province are becoming increasingly reasonable, the modern industrial system has taken shape, and the trend of industrial upgrading and moderate heavy-duty is obvious. The output value of high-tech products increased from 470 billion yuan in 2002 to 1.87 trillion yuan in 2007, and the upgrading of the electronic information and home appliance industries accelerated. The ratio of added value of light and heavy industries was adjusted to 39:61, and the leading role of the nine major industries was enhanced. The Pearl River Delta automobile industry cluster, led by Guangzhou Automobile, has basically taken shape. The construction of the large petrochemical industry and coastal petrochemical bases has been steadily advancing. The production capacity of cars, oil refining and ethylene ranks among the top in the country. New breakthroughs have been made in the manufacturing of key equipment such as ships, energy equipment and CNC machine tools. . The traditional Chinese medicine industry has accelerated its development. The pace of optimization and upgrading of professional towns and industrial clusters has accelerated. The scale of the service industry has expanded rapidly, and the added value of the tertiary industry has increased from 634.4 billion yuan to 1.3 trillion yuan. Modern service industries such as logistics, finance, information, and exhibitions are developing rapidly. The tourism industry is booming, with total tourism revenue exceeding 240 billion yuan, tourism foreign exchange revenue accounting for one-fifth of the country's total, and the Guangdong International Tourism and Culture Festival achieving remarkable results.
The added value of agriculture reached 174.6 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 3.8%.
(3) Independent innovation has achieved outstanding results
The construction of innovative Guangdong has made good progress, and the comprehensive index of regional innovation capabilities has ranked third in the country for many years. The contribution rate of scientific and technological progress to economic growth increased from 45.8% in 2002 to more than 50% in 2007. Together with the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Science and Technology, we promote industry-university-research cooperation and implemented more than 4,100 projects in 2007. Together with the National Natural Science Foundation of China, we established the National Natural Science Foundation of China Guangdong Joint Fund, launched joint bidding between Guangdong and Hong Kong, and achieved breakthroughs in a number of core key technologies in the fields of high-end home appliances and biomedicine. The number of patent applications and authorizations continues to rank first in the country, and the number of invention patent applications has ranked first in the country since 2005. The famous brand-driven strategy has achieved fruitful results. The number of Chinese famous brand products, national inspection-free products and Chinese well-known trademarks have increased from 35, 118 and 27 respectively to 299, 665 and 108. China has won 4 world famous brand products, all ranking among the top in the country. . The technical standards strategy has achieved remarkable results, and it has participated in the formulation and revision of 107 international standards, 2,295 national standards and industry standards. A multi-level scientific and technological innovation platform system has been basically formed.
(4) A major leap forward in infrastructure construction
Guangdong Province has arranged 292 key projects in the past five years, 197 projects have been completed or partially put into operation, and a total investment of 583.5 billion has been completed Yuan, promote the significant improvement of transportation and communication infrastructure, and significantly improve the energy and power support capabilities. The total mileage of expressways reaches 3,520 kilometers, nearly doubling that in 2002. All expressways at prefecture level and above are open, and all expressway outbound channels of provinces (districts) connected to land routes have been opened, basically with Guangzhou and Shenzhen as the centers. 4-hour economic life circle. Construction of 10 railway projects including the Guangdong section of the Wuhan-Guangzhou Passenger Dedicated Line has begun, with a total mileage of more than 1,000 kilometers. The construction of the 1,000-ton backbone waterway network in the Pearl River Delta has been accelerated, and the layout of the province's port system has been gradually improved. 1,250 kilometers of new refined oil transportation pipelines were added. The installed power generation capacity reached 59.32 million kilowatts, a net increase of 23.44 million kilowatts compared with 2002, and the investment in the power grid was 90.7 billion yuan. The scale of communication networks and users are growing rapidly. Urban and rural water conservancy disaster prevention and reduction projects are progressing smoothly.
(5) The construction of green Guangdong has achieved obvious results
Guangdong Province has solidly promoted energy conservation and emission reduction. In 2006, energy consumption per unit of GDP and industrial added value were 63.9% and 41.1% of the national average respectively. %, ranking the second lowest and lowest level in the country respectively, and continued to decrease in 2007; the total emissions of sulfur dioxide and chemical oxygen demand continued to decline in the past two years. The province's and Pearl River Delta's environmental protection plans have been fully implemented, and the pollution control and cleaning and comprehensive improvement projects of the Pearl River have been effectively advanced. The centralized treatment rate of urban domestic sewage and the harmless treatment rate of garbage are expected to reach 50% and 60% respectively. The province's environmental quality remains generally stable. The air quality in 21 cities at or above the prefecture level reaches the national secondary standard. The water quality of major rivers and important reservoirs is good. The results of saving and intensive land use are obvious. The average new construction land for every 100 million yuan of new GDP in the five years is expected to drop by 60% compared with the previous five years. The construction of a forestry and ecological province has accelerated, with the forest coverage rate reaching 55.9%, and the urban and rural environmental landscapes improved. Shaoguan Danxia Mountain and Zhanjiang Huguangyan were rated as world geoparks.
(6) The coordination of urban-rural and regional development has been enhanced
The construction of a new socialist countryside in Guangdong Province has been solidly advanced, and a coordinated urban-rural development pattern has initially taken shape. Grain production has remained stable despite successive years of disasters, and the development of modern agriculture, efficient agriculture and agricultural industrialization has accelerated. The total marine economy ranks first in the country. Rural infrastructure construction has been continuously strengthened and the living environment has been improved. Agricultural taxes have been completely abolished and agriculture-related charges have been vigorously cleared, significantly reducing the burden on farmers. The vitality of rural development has been significantly enhanced, and the growth rate of investment and consumption is higher than that of urban areas. The county economy has developed rapidly, and the pace of industrialization and urbanization in mountainous areas has accelerated. In recent years, the average annual growth rate of GDP and local general budget revenue of 67 counties (cities) and 5 cities in mountainous areas has been higher than the provincial average. The development of the east and west wings has accelerated. The development of ethnic minority areas has accelerated. The government's construction of an industrial transfer industrial park has achieved remarkable results, and an industrial transfer belt around the Pearl River Delta has initially taken shape. The industries in the Pearl River Delta have been optimized and upgraded, the overall strength has been enhanced, and the central cities have played a prominent role in radiating and driving.
(7) The rapid development of the state-owned economy and the private economy
The new state-owned assets supervision system and operating system have been basically established, and the reform and reorganization of state-owned enterprises with the reform of the property rights system as the core has made positive progress. The layout and structure of the state-owned economy have been further optimized, and the control, influence and driving force have been significantly enhanced. The profits of state-owned and state-controlled enterprises increased by 1.39 times in the past five years. The development of the private economy has achieved great leaps and become a new force in economic growth, tax increase, scientific and technological progress and the promotion of county economic development. The total number of individual industrial and commercial households and private enterprises exceeded 3.4 million, an increase of more than 1.4 million compared with 2002. The added value and tax revenue achieved by the private economy increased from 526.5 billion yuan and 53.6 billion yuan in 2002 to 1.28 trillion yuan and 174 billion yuan respectively in 2007, accounting for 40% and nearly 30% of the province respectively. Four China (International) Small and Medium Enterprises Expo was successfully held.
(8) The pace of building a strong foreign economic and trade province has been accelerated
The growth pattern of foreign trade has gradually changed, import and export have tended to develop in a balanced manner, and a diversified market pattern has been further formed. The total import and export volume increased from US$221.1 billion in 2002 to US$634 billion in 2007, an increase of 1.9 times in five years, and an increase of 20.2% in 2007 over the previous year. Mechanical, electrical and high-tech products have become the leading products for export, and the proportion of general trade exports has increased from 18.3% to 28.4%. The transformation and upgrading of processing trade has accelerated, with the domestic value-added rate reaching 56.6%. The scale and quality of foreign investment have been simultaneously improved, with a total of US$70 billion in actual foreign investment. Investments from developed countries and multinational companies have gradually become dominant, and foreign investment has been concentrated in high-tech industries, heavy chemical industries and modern service industries. The “Going Global” strategy has been accelerated, with 1,804 non-financial companies established in more than 90 countries and regions. Foreign investment and project contracting developed rapidly. Exchanges and cooperation with ASEAN have been carried out in depth. Port work and the construction of "Grand Customs Clearance" have achieved remarkable results.
(9) Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao cooperation and cooperation in the Pan-Pearl River Delta region have achieved outstanding results
CEPA has been fully implemented, all-round and multi-level cooperation has been carried out with Hong Kong and Macao, and the cooperation mechanism has been further improved. The manufacturing and service industries are cooperating in parallel, and the scale of investment and trade continues to expand. The construction of large-scale cross-border infrastructure is going smoothly, and cooperation in the field of social and people's livelihood continues to deepen. Regional cooperation in the Pan-Pearl River Delta has been solidly advanced. Cooperation mechanisms such as the Joint Meeting of Chief Executives have been established, regional cooperation development plans have been formulated and implemented, and four Pan-Pearl River Delta Forums and Economic and Trade Fairs have been successfully held. Cooperation in various fields has been further advanced. Economic and trade cooperation with various provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) has been strengthened, and assistance to Tibet, Xinjiang and counterpart assistance has been actively carried out. Economic and trade cooperation between Guangdong and Taiwan has achieved remarkable results.
(10) Education, health, sports, population and family planning and other social undertakings have been comprehensively developed, and the construction of harmonious Guangdong has achieved initial results
Guangdong Province focuses on education, health, culture, employment, and social security , investment in rural housing projects, basically establishing a social security system with social insurance as the mainstay and comprehensive development of social relief and social welfare. The social security system is accelerating to cover urban and rural residents. The employment assistance system for zero-employment families has been improved, skills training for millions of rural youths, projects to enrich the people through entrepreneurship, intellectual poverty alleviation and high-skilled talent training projects have been implemented in depth, and vocational skills training projects for retired soldiers and skills improvement training plans for migrant workers have been launched. The number of people insured for pension, unemployment, medical and work-related injury insurance continues to expand, ranking first in the country. Be the first in the country to fully implement the funding guarantee mechanism for rural compulsory education. People's living standards continue to improve, and various social undertakings make comprehensive progress. In 2007, the per capita disposable income of urban residents and the per capita net income of rural residents in the province reached 17,699 yuan and 5,624 yuan respectively; the scale of high school education has expanded rapidly, with the number of students in school increasing from 1.8 million in 2002 to 3.06 million in 2007. The gross enrollment rate increased from 44.7% to 65.4%. Vocational and technical education has developed rapidly. Higher education has made great strides. The number of general colleges and universities has increased to 109, the number of enrolled students has increased from 468,000 to 1.12 million, and the gross enrollment rate has increased from 15.3% to 25.6%. Private education has developed in a standardized manner, quality education has been effectively promoted, and the quality of education and teaching has improved. . The strategy of strengthening the province with talents has been implemented in depth, and the mechanism for talent training, introduction and use has been continuously improved. The public health system has been further improved.
While Guangdong Province’s social economy is developing continuously and healthily, there are still problems such as insufficient optimization of the economic structure, weak independent innovation capabilities, prominent resource and environmental constraints, large increases in food and housing prices, and farmers’ It is becoming more difficult to increase income and increase agricultural efficiency, and there are still unbalanced urban-rural and regional development and other constraints.
Currently, domestic and foreign countries have entered a new era of scientific development. Economic globalization is developing in depth, international industrial transfer is accelerating, and science and technology are advancing with each passing day. The world economy will still maintain rapid growth. Domestic society is stable, the effects of macro-control are gradually emerging, regional cooperation such as the Pan-Pearl River Delta is accelerating, and economic and social development has a good momentum. Guangdong Province is in a critical period when its economic and social development has shifted to a scientific development track and is facing unprecedented opportunities and challenges. At a new historical starting point, Guangdong must continue to emancipate its mind, unswervingly implement the Scientific Outlook on Development, guide the overall economic and social development with the Scientific Outlook on Development, solidly promote the construction of a socialist harmonious society, accelerate the transformation of growth patterns, and accelerate independent innovation. , accelerate the development of social undertakings, deepen reform and opening up, conscientiously solve people's livelihood problems, further promote the construction of an economically powerful province, a cultural province, a rule of law society, and a harmonious Guangdong, and realize the prosperity and well-being of the people of the province.