Zhangqiu Green Onion is a geographical indication certification trademark. Zhangqiu green onions are agricultural products with geographical indications.

Produced in Zhangqiu County, it is known as the "King of Onions".

Green onions are rich in nutrients, rich in carbohydrates, sulfur, phosphorus, iron and other minerals and vitamins, and have a special aroma and spicy taste.

Eating green onions regularly can increase appetite and strengthen the spleen and stomach. Green onions also have a strong bactericidal effect and are also a good diaphoretic agent. Zhangqiu scallions are white and plump, tender and juicy, with a mildly spicy taste and a slight sweetness. They are best eaten raw or cold, cooked, seasoned, or stuffed, and can be stored for a long time. They are considered a treasure among onions.

Green onions are one of Shandong people’s favorite common vegetables. Scallions dipped in sauce are used to make flatbreads, which are authentic Shandong flavors and are particularly popular among the masses. Green onions are also the main accompaniment to some famous Shandong dishes, such as roast duck, pot-roasted elbow, fried large intestine, fried fat caps, etc.; all are seasoned with green onions; roasted sea cucumbers with green onions, roasted tendons with green onions, roasted pork with green onions, grilled fish lips with green onions, etc. Famous dishes use Zhangqiu scallions as the main ingredient; there are also condiments made from scallions such as scallion oil puree, scallion pepper paste, scallion oil, scallion and pepper Shaoxing wine. People often say that in Shandong cuisine, green onions are indispensable in every dish.

The biggest feature of Zhangqiu green onions is their "bigness". It grows strongly, does not tiller, and has upright and tall plants. The main variety is "Big Wutong". A typical large sycamore tree can reach a height of 175 cm, a diameter of 6.7 cm, a length of 70 cm, and a single plant weight of 1,500 grams.

Zhangqiu green onions are biennial cold-tolerant vegetables. The ideal soil is clay soil rich in organic matter. Green onions should not be cropped continuously and are often rotated with wheat or non-fresh stem vegetables.

Zhangqiu has a long history of planting green onions. In the Ming Dynasty, it was widely planted in the western foothills of Nunshan Mountain (now Qijia, Majia, Shijia, Gaojiazhuang and other places in Zhangqiu County). At present, green onions are cultivated in all districts and townships in the county, with Xiuhui, Diaozhen, and Ningjiabu areas having the largest areas and the highest yields. In 1987, Zhangqiu's green onion planting area was 30,000 acres, with an output of 2,500 kilograms per mu, and a total output of 75 million kilograms. In addition to meeting the needs of the province, it is also exported to many countries around the world.

Everyone knows that Beijing’s roast duck is particularly delicious, but without Zhangqiu’s green onions as condiments, it will not taste good. In Shandong cuisine, onions are indispensable in everything. of. Therefore, Zhangqiu green onions are also known as "peace grass". Zhangqiu green onions are one of the vegetables with the most Shandong characteristics. It has a tall plant, fine texture, sweet and crispy when eaten raw, and fragrant when roasted. It is regarded as the best green onion and is known as the "King of Green Onions". It is rich in vitamins and minerals, and its special aroma and spicy taste are especially loved by the masses. Many famous Shandong dishes use it as a condiment or even the main ingredient. Zhangqiu green onions can not only be used as condiments, but also have extremely high medicinal value. It contains phytoncides. The white scallion soup can treat typhoid fever, cold and heat, stroke, and edema; add a little scallion juice into wine and drop it into the nose to cure persistent nose bleeding; scallion must be used to treat overeating and bleeding in the large intestine; the seeds can improve eyesight. , replenishing Qi deficiency, etc. Zhangqiu green onions have been cultivated for more than 500 years. The biggest characteristic of Zhangqiu green onions is that they are "big", strong in growth, not tillering, and the plants are self-standing and tall. The main variety is "Da Wutong". In last year's and this year's evaluation of green onions, the tallest plant reached two meters and weighed about 1,250 grams

(Zhangqiu)

The onion that Shandong people like to eat is Zhangqiu green onion. "Shandong Specialties Flavor Guide" (edited by Zhang Lianming) describes its characteristics as: "The stems are long and thick, white onions, fat, crisp and tender, with a mild spicy taste and a slightly sweet taste. The stems are three to five centimeters thick and weigh more than a pound. "There are many ways to use green onions in dishes, such as burritos with raw green onions dipped in sweet sauce, which is the most famous dietary preference of Shandong people. In addition to raw food, there are many famous dishes in Shandong cuisine that use green onions as the main ingredient and supplementary ingredients, such as "Scallion Roast" "Sea cucumber", "braised pork tendon with green onions", "fried meat with green onions", "braised fish maw with green onions", etc.; in addition, there are also quite a lot of foods with green onions as seasonings, such as "scallion oil", "scallion pepper paste", "scallion oil Shao" Wine” and so on.

Regional scope

The geographical protection scope of Zhangqiu green onions is within Zhangqiu City, Shandong Province. The geographical coordinates are: 117°10′-117°35′ east longitude, 36°25′-37°09′ north latitude, 70_ long from north to south, 37_ wide from east to west, with a total area of ??185,500 hectares, a production area of ??10,000 hectares, and a total annual output of 600,000 tons. It mainly involves five towns (sub-district offices) in Zhangqiu City: Xiuhui, Zaoyuan, Longshan, Ningjiabu, Diaozhen and Mingshui, totaling 264 administrative villages.

Natural ecological environment and human and historical factors

(1) Soil and landform conditions: Zhangqiu City has diverse landforms, including hills, plains, and Yellow River floodplains from south to north. Qiu green onions are mainly produced in the central plain area. The terrain in this range is flat, the soil is fertile, and the ecological environment is beautiful. The soil in the main green onion-producing area is mainly cinnamon medium soil, with an organic matter content of more than 1.2%, a nitrogen content of 0.12%, a phosphorus content of 0.3%, available phosphorus greater than 80mg/kg, available potassium greater than 120mg/kg, the soil layer is deep, and the soil quality It is loose, has strong ability to retain water and fertilizer, and is suitable for crop growth.

(2) Hydrological conditions: The water conservancy conditions in the area are superior, the underground water source is sufficient, and the farmland drainage and irrigation facilities have clear water quality and no pollution, fully achieving the ability to irrigate during drought and drain during floods.

(3) Climate conditions: The land has a warm temperate semi-humid monsoon climate, which is characterized by: mild climate, four distinct seasons, cold winter with little rain and snow, dry and windy spring, hot and rainy summer, and high weather in autumn. The large temperature difference is beneficial to the growth and development of crops.

Light: This area is rich in light resources, with long sunshine hours and sufficient light, which is conducive to crop light and crop production

The annual average sunshine hours is 2647.6 hours, accounting for 10% of the annual available sunshine hours. 56% of the time.

Temperature: The annual accumulated temperature is 4580°C, the average temperature is 12.9°C, the highest temperature is 32.1°C in July, and the lowest temperature is -3.2°C in January. The frost-free period is about 210 days, and the natural farming period is about 290 days. The nights are cool and the temperature difference between day and night is large, which is conducive to crop nutrient accumulation.

Water: There is less precipitation. Because it is mostly concentrated in summer, the annual average changes are large and the precipitation is unstable. The average precipitation is 600-630mm.

(4) Humanistic and historical situation: Zhangqiu green onions have a cultivation history of more than 500 years. According to the "Zhangqiu County Chronicle" recorded in the ninth year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1530), onions have been cultivated in Zhangqiu. Zhangqiu green onions are of high quality, high yield and long-lasting, which are related to their long historical roots. "Jinan Express" in the 16th year of the Republic of China (1927) stated that Zhangqiu green onions are "treasures" of vegetable vegetables in northern provinces; at the second agricultural exhibition held by the Shandong Rural Construction Research Institute in the 21st year of the Republic of China (1932), Zhangqiu County Liu Yuxi from Huibei Village in District 3 participated in the exhibition and won the second prize for her green onions.

After the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the production of Zhangqiu green onions has developed greatly. Especially in recent years, as the city’s agricultural standardization promotion efforts have increased year by year, Zhangqiu green onions have The standardized production, standardized management, industrialized operation and branding operation have gradually become large-scale, with multiple brands including "Wanxin", "Xiuhui", "Lulei", "Baimaiquan" and "Quantou". Passed green food and organic food certification. In 2006, the "Wanxin" brand Zhangqiu green onions were rated as the first famous brand agricultural products in Shandong Province; in August 2007, the "Wanxin" brand was rated as a famous trademark in Shandong Province; in October, it was rated as "China's Famous Brand" Famous brand agricultural products”. In order to ensure the quality of Zhangqiu green onions and elevate the standardized production of Zhangqiu green onions to a new level, our city has successively created two national-level Zhangqiu green onion standardization demonstration bases, Zaoyuan Wanxin and Xiuhui Nushan. It has successively demonstrated and promoted the application of new technologies and methods such as increased application of organic fertilizers, frequency-oscillating insecticidal lamps, sex attractants, anti-insect nets, color board trapping and killing, etc., and has fully realized the main application of organic fertilizers and implementation of biological control without the need for The standardized production model of organic Zhangqiu green onions using synthetic chemicals such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides has further improved the standardized production of Zhangqiu green onions.

Production technical requirements

(1) Producing area selection and special content regulations: Zhangqiu green onions should be produced in areas that can be irrigated by drought and can be drained by floods.

Topography It is a fertile land with high dryness, no onions, garlic and leeks have been planted in 3 years, and a deep cultivation layer.

(2) Variety selection and specific requirements: Zhangqiu green onions are the result of long-term practice and hard work of onion farmers in the fertile land of Zhangqiu. They are farm varieties of Landrace type. , is also a general term for a mixed group. From the morphological point of view, it can be divided into two varieties: Dawutong and Qishafeng. In field production, high-quality, high-yield large sycamore-type varieties are generally selected.

(3) Production process management, including special usage regulations for agricultural inputs: The production process of Zhangqiu green onions includes several growth stages such as seedling cultivation, transplanting, field management, and harvest. Seedling cultivation: The seedbed should be fertile loam or sandy loam with loose soil, easy drainage and irrigation, and where onions, garlic, and leeks have not been planted within 3 years.

Combined with soil preparation, apply 5000kg of high-quality decomposed fertilizer, 10kg of diammonium phosphate and 15kg of potassium sulfate every 667_. Spread the above fertilizer evenly and then plow 25cm, harrow it flatly and finely, and make a border. The border length is (20-30) m, the border surface is wide (1-1.2) m, the border width is (25-30) cm, and the height is ( 15-20)cm. Water the border thoroughly. After water seeps out, mix the seeds into (5-10) times dry fine sandy soil and spread evenly in the border, covering it with about 1cm thick fine soil. Transplanting: The planting time is between early June and early July, the earlier the better; the density of planting per 667_ (18000-22000) plants is appropriate. Before planting, dig out the onion seedlings, pick out diseased seedlings, insect seedlings, weak seedlings, injured seedlings, miscellaneous seedlings and bolting seedlings, and divide them into three levels: large, medium and small according to their size, and plant them separately. When planting, water the planting ditch first. After the water seeps out, insert the onion seedlings vertically into the planting ditch. The spacing between plants is (4-5) cm and the planting depth is about 7 cm. Make sure that the onion seedlings are uneven at the top and bottom, and the core leaves cannot be buried. Field management: When watering enters August, green onions begin to grow vigorously. Keep the soil moist, gradually increase the frequency of watering and increase the amount of water. From September to October, water once every 5 days, and stop 7-10 days before harvest. Watering; Topdressing: Topdressing should be combined with watering. The first time can be done at the beginning of autumn. Apply 10kg of urea every 667m. The second time of topdressing during white dew, apply 10kg of urea and 15kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 667m2. In the mid-growth period, water-isolated topdressing should be carried out. Apply 8kg of urea per 667m2, and use 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution for leaf topdressing (2-3 times). Stop topdressing 20 days before harvest. Soil cultivation: Soil cultivation is an important cultivation measure for Zhangqiu green onions. It not only prevents lodging, but also softens the white color of the green onions and improves yield and quality. As the green onions grow taller, soil should be cultivated (3-4 times). The first soiling, that is, the flat ditch, is carried out in late August, the second soiling is carried out during the white dew, and the third soiling is carried out after the autumnal equinox. The height of each soiling is such that the core leaves are not buried, and then wheat is interplanted. Those who do not interplant wheat should carry out the fourth soil preparation before the cold dew. Harvest: The best harvest occurs between the beginning of winter and light snowfall, or before the soil is about to freeze. Harvesting method: Use a long narrow skewer 5cm away from the green onions, lift off the soil to reveal the green onions, grab the lower part of the green onions with your hands and pull them out, shake off the soil, dry them for about half a day and then grade them to remove diseased, damaged and weak ones. Arrange the roots of the green onions that meet the standard, tie them into bundles of about 5kg with straw, and tie them with 3 straw waists before selling.

Typical product quality characteristics and product quality and safety regulations

(1) External sensory characteristics: The quality characteristics of Zhangqiu green onions can be summarized in four words, namely: tall, long , crispy and sweet.

Tall: Refers to the tall and majestic Zhangqiu green onion plants. It is the best of all green onion varieties at home and abroad today, so it is known as the "King of Green Onions".

Long: refers to the main product part of Zhangqiu green onions - white, long and straight. Generally, the length of the white tree is 50-60 cm (the longest is about 80 cm), the diameter is 3-4 cm, and the weight of a single plant is about 1,000 grams. The heavy ones can reach more than 1.5 kilograms. They are very popular among people.

Crisp: Refers to the crisp and tender texture of Zhangqiu green onions and their extremely delicious taste.

Sweet: refers to the white color of Zhangqiu green onions, which are sweet and delicious, rarely spicy, and are best eaten raw or cooked.

(2) Intrinsic quality indicators:

According to the laboratory analysis of Beijing Food Research Institute on March 23, 1981: every 100 grams of Wutong products contains 0.05 mg of vitamin A , Vitamin C20.2 mg, protein 2.4 g, fat 0.3 g, total sugar 8.6 g, carbohydrate 9.8 g, calcium 4.6 mg, phosphorus 39 mg, iron 0.1 mg, various amino acids 0.0298 mg. If compared with the well-known nutrient-rich tomatoes in the "Food Analysis Table" measured by the Department of Nutrition of the former Central Institute of Health, Zhangqiu green onions have 185.7% more vitamin B1, 233.3% more B2, and 94.2% more vitamin C than tomatoes. , 328.5% more protein, 7.1% more fat, 84.2% more crude fiber, and 30% more phosphorus. Therefore, Zhangqiu green onions are rich in nutrients and are well deserved.

(3) Safety requirements:

Green onions entering the market must meet the health indicators of the Ministry of Agriculture's "Polluting-Free Food Onions and Garlic Vegetables" (see the table below for details). Products subject to the circumstances specified in Article 33 of the "Agricultural Products Quality and Safety Law" shall not be put on the market for sale.

Table 1 Hygiene indicators of pollution-free green onions

Serial number harmful substance name indicator/(mg/kg)

1 dimethoate ≤ 1.0

3 Pirimicarb ≤ 1.0

4 Cyfenvalerate ≤ 0.2

5 Deltamethrin ≤ 0.2< /p>

6 Baijuqing ≤ 1.0

7 Carbendazim ≤ 0.5

8 Arsenic (calculated as As) ≤ 0.5

9 Fluorine (calculated as F) ≤ 0.5

10 Nitrite and nitrate ≤ 4.0

Note 1: Export products are tested according to the requirements of the importing country.

Note 2: According to the "Pesticide Management Regulations of the People's Republic of China", highly toxic and highly toxic pesticides must not be used in the production of green onions and must not be detected.

Note 3: Green onion producers should self-report the types of pesticides used to the relevant testing departments when their green onions are tested. Products that refuse to report, conceal reports, or make false reports will be considered substandard products.

Packaging labeling and other relevant regulations

(1) Grading: Green onions of the same variety and size are qualified. Those that are short of white, deformed, or have mechanical damage, pests or diseases will be dealt with separately.

(2) Packaging: Green onions should be packaged and sold. Packaging materials must comply with national mandatory technical specifications. Before packaging, each onion is peeled and soiled, and then packed into packaging boxes.

(3) Logo: Users of the logo should uniformly use geographical indications of agricultural products (the combination of the name of Zhangqiu green onion and the company’s logo pattern) on their products or their packaging.