The first film used by Edison in the laboratory was 65,438+0 inches wide and 0.75 inches high. In order to avoid decimals, it became the most familiar 4:3, which has been the standard format of film production for 60 years.
Basic introduction mbth: Aspect ratio Brief introduction: What the picture looks like on the screen Related person: Edison Application field: The so-called aspect ratio in the movie describes what the picture looks like on the screen. Take 4:3, where 4 refers to the width and 3 refers to the height. To understand this problem, we have to look back at history. The first film used by Edison in the laboratory was 65,438+0 inches wide and 0.75 inches high. In order to avoid decimals, it became the most familiar 4:3, which has been the standard format of film production for 60 years. Then a watershed in American history appeared: television flourished. For a time, the aspect ratio of the film 4:3 matched the rectangular TV screen well. Seeing that more and more families have bought televisions, film companies have to use new formats to try to attract viewers from home to the cinema. Before understanding widescreen, let's get familiar with CinemaScope, Panavision and widescreen. These three words can be translated into widescreen, but they are not exactly the same. Widescreen is a general term, and Cinema-Scope is the name and trademark of a widescreen system, and the width of its screen is about 2.5 times the height. Since 1970s, this widescreen format has become Panavision (which can also be used as a trademark), thus giving birth to 2.35: 1. It should be pointed out that not all movies made with Panavision are wide-screen. If the director uses a wide-lens CinemaScope or Panavision camera, the picture will be compressed into 35 mm film, which is the kind used by Edison. In the cinema, the picture is restored to normal form, which sometimes leads to image distortion, which we call distorted image. This phenomenon can also happen when making DVD, but its advantage is that the audience sees the same picture as in the cinema. Transplanting the cinema to the home means squeezing the wide screen onto the screen of the ordinary TV set. Since the width of widescreen is 2.35 times the height and that of TV is 1.33 times, post-production equipment is needed to complete this conversion. We call the preparation process of family release "pan&; Scanning. Technicians pay attention to the pictures when the action or dialogue takes place, and cut out the pictures that are not suitable for the TV screen. Neither the director nor the fans are keen on "Pan&; Scanning ",because the structure of the picture was seriously changed when shooting, what the audience saw was not the director's real intention. For another aspect ratio 1.85: 1, there is a similar problem. 1.85: 1 between pure widescreen and "Pan &；; Scan "looks like panavision, but it doesn't need extra lens and deformation production costs. And "Pan&; Scan "to cut out some original images. 1.85: 1 Include the top and bottom of the movie screen to fill the screen and let you see the parts you don't like. Then why not produce a 2.35: 1 widescreen TV? It's great for movies, but it's not cost-effective to shoot ordinary TV programs with Panavision. Besides, if you do, the evening news will look like looking in the mirror. Some people are short and fat, while others are tall and thin. The birth of HDTV solved this problem. Mathematicians believe that the best compromise between these different standards is 1.77: 1, which is also commonly known as 16:9. Although it does not completely solve the problem, it is the most ideal method at present. When the movie is released on DVD, the production company can use the aspect ratio of the screen, or provide widescreen and panoramic view &; Scan two versions.