Textile and garment industry is an important industry for the economy of the Fuzhou City. In the concept of developing the economy of the western a rea of Taiwan Strait, how to develop the industry would advance the economy of the Fuzhou City greatly. The garment industry actuality of Fuzhou City was analyzed and some Suggestions for its development were provided.
Textile and garment industry is one of the pillar industries in Fuzhou. In the Outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development in Fuzhou, it was clearly proposed to support the textile industry and other pillar industries to grow gradually. On May 14th, 29, the government put forward in "Several Opinions of the State Council on Supporting Fujian Province to Accelerate the Construction of the Economic Zone on the West Side of the Taiwan Strait" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions") that we should give full play to the role of inter-provincial regional cooperation organizations such as Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi, and establish a closer regional cooperation mechanism. This has brought new opportunities for the development of textile and garment industry in Fuzhou.
1. The textile and clothing industry plays an important role in Fuzhou's economy
Fuzhou is located in the east of Jiangxi Province, with jurisdiction over 1 counties, 1 district and 1 economic development zone. Apart from Linchuan District and Jinchao Economic Development Zone, seven counties including Nancheng, Lichuan, Jinxi, Chongren and Dongxiang all take textile and garment industry as their pillar industries. In 27, there were 81 textile and garment enterprises above designated size in the city, with an output value of 4,421.76 million yuan. In that year, there were 552 units above designated size in the city, with a total industrial output value of 3,483.92 million yuan. Regardless of the number of enterprises or the total industrial output value, textile and garment enterprises account for about 14.5% of the total number of enterprises above designated size.
second, the present situation of textile and garment industry in Fuzhou
the main activities of textile and garment industry include raw material production and processing, garment manufacturing and product sales, and also need the support of auxiliary factors such as technology, manpower and related industrial policies. The production and processing of raw materials are closely related to local natural conditions, while garment manufacturing, product sales and corresponding auxiliary factors are related to local industrial development.
1. Production and processing of raw materials
In p>27, the output of cotton and cocoon in Fuzhou reached 7 398 t and 1 785 t respectively. From the production area, the production of each raw material is concentrated in a few counties. The average cotton yield in the whole city is 1.53 t/ ha (Table 1), of which the average cotton yield in Nancheng is about 4 times that in Yihuang, with significant difference. The average productivity of the whole city's cocoon production area is .52 t/ ha, and the lowest productivity is Jinxi. The mulberry field covers an area of 1,342 hectares, which is 1% more than that of Dongxiang's 1,26 hectares, but the cocoon production is less than half that of Jinxi. The highest productivity is Nanfeng, although there are only 2 hectares of mulberry fields, the output has reached 6 t. Generally speaking, the productivity of cotton and cocoon production areas is quite different.
From the distribution of producing areas, it can be seen that Dongxiang, Jinxi and Le 'an, which mainly produce cocoons, and Linchuan, Chongren and Nancheng, which mainly produce cotton, are in a tripartite confrontation, and the main cotton producing areas are more concentrated than the main cocoon producing areas. Among them, Le 'an and Dongxiang, the main cocoon producing areas, are also the main processing locations, and the processing locations are basically consistent with the high-producing areas. About 8% of the city's silk is produced in these two counties.
In p>27, Fuzhou * * * produced 94.34 million m of cotton cloth, of which Nanfeng produced 1.19 million m, Jinxi 9.7 million m and Linchuan 83.46 million m.. Chongren, a high-yield place of cotton, failed to occupy a place in cotton processing and failed to give play to its own resource advantages.
2. Structure analysis of textile and garment industry in Fuzhou
The increase of value and industrial development complement each other. If the textile and garment industry in Fuzhou is regarded as a whole, if we want to increase the overall value, we must try to increase the added value of each link in the "value chain" to promote industrial progress. The author has analyzed the production and processing of raw materials in the textile and garment industry, and then selected shishi city, which has a significant position in the domestic textile and garment industry and belongs to the Haixi economic region, to learn from its development experience and analyze the garment manufacturing and marketing of Fuzhou textile and garment industry.
after more than 2 years of development, shishi city has formed a relatively complete industrial chain, with a huge clothing industry cluster, becoming the main distribution center for textile fabrics, textile and clothing production base and dyeing and finishing base in China. Accessories such as zippers, trademarks and interlining needed for garment processing can be produced and sold locally. Moreover, there is a clear market division and a relatively professional division of labor in garment production in the whole city, which is convenient for mutual assistance and avoids vicious competition in the whole market. Relatively perfect industrial chain and professional production have brought rich returns. At present, shishi city already has its own brands such as Fugui Bird and Seven Wolves. In 28, there were 844 textile enterprises and 5 3 garment enterprises in shishi city, and the output value of textile and garment industry was 24,27,429,8 yuan, accounting for 49.44% of the total output value. In contrast, Fuzhou's total garment output of 5.83 million pieces in 27 is considerable, but it is still far from shishi city's annual output of over 2 million pieces (sets).
generally speaking, the existence of economies of scale will form certain barriers to entry. If there are economies of scale in the industry, it will force new enterprises to choose a larger scale for production. However, judging from the current situation, most textile and garment enterprises in Fuzhou are too small to form economies of scale. The high product cost and lack of competitiveness will inevitably weaken the profitability of textile and garment enterprises in Fuzhou, reduce the industry profit rate, and make it difficult to introduce high-level talents and high technology, resulting in low scientific and technological content and added value of products. This will further aggravate the reduction of profit margin.
in addition, the low technological content of products leads to low barriers to entry. Such a vicious circle makes products lack characteristics and reduces the overall competitiveness of the industry. Another way to enhance industrial competitiveness is to give full play to the advantages of industrial clusters and reduce costs by promoting the effective use of resources. However, most enterprises in Fuzhou are in their own way, scattered in all districts and counties of the city, and cannot give full play to the advantages of industrial clusters. At present, except for the textile and garment industry cluster led by Min Heng Textile and Huayi Clothing in Jinchao Development Zone, most enterprises have no obvious division of labor and cooperation, so it is difficult to reflect the scale effect and cluster advantages. No matter the production of flour accessories, printing and garment processing, it is difficult to see famous brands and fist products.
from the point of view of market sales, the quality of operators is uneven, more importantly, the construction of the main market lags behind the needs of market development, and the whole market sales are still in the initial stage of decentralized operation, with low degree of specialization, scale and intensification, and lack of modern commercial basic elements. In the city's billion-dollar commodity market, * * * has five sales markets with clothing, shoes, hats, needles and textiles, such as Haode Trade Plaza and Jiangxi Textile City, with 892 stalls, with a total turnover of 186.74 million yuan in 27. This is still far from the annual sales of 12 billion in 18 clothing commercial streets and 8 professional markets in Shishi.
3. bottleneck of capital and talents
the two major elements of economic development are capital and labor. Industrial upgrading and market construction are inseparable from funds. At present, the amount of funds for the textile and garment industry in Fuzhou is not sufficient. The foreign capital in Fuzhou mainly comes from Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangsu. In 27, the textile and garment industry used 1,27.65 million yuan. This is far from being compared with the accumulated turnover of more than 7 billion in shishi city's cross-strait textile and garment fairs, and the competitiveness of the whole industry is difficult to improve due to the lack of funds.
in terms of labor supply, Fuzhou, as an inland city, is not short of ordinary labor. However, the high-end design talents urgently needed by the textile and garment industry are quite scarce. In the whole "value chain" of textile and clothing industry, clothing design is the most easy to produce high added value. In Shishi, most backbone clothing enterprises have established product development design rooms and clothing information halls, and some enterprises have also hired well-known national designers as the company's chief designers with high salaries. Textile and garment enterprises in Fuzhou lack sufficient intellectual support and guarantee in production design because of their small scale and financial difficulties.
III. Relevant suggestions on enhancing the competitiveness of textile and garment industry in Fuzhou
In view of the present situation of textile and garment industry in Fuzhou and the particularity of Haixi economic region, the author puts forward the following suggestions.
1. Improve the productivity of raw materials and process them locally
It is mentioned in the Opinions that we should speed up the transformation of agricultural development mode and promote the optimization and upgrading of agricultural structure. Combined with the specific situation of Fuzhou, we can start from improving the productivity of raw materials and reducing the processing cost. First of all, we should focus on helping large producers of raw materials, strengthen the exchange and study of planting and breeding production in counties and districts, strive to popularize advanced planting and breeding technologies, and promote the increase of production and income of textile raw materials such as cotton and silkworm cocoons. Secondly, we should vigorously support the processing industry of resource producing areas, starting from the raw materials themselves, applying their own resource advantages and processing them locally and nearby. This will help the market information to be fed back to the farmers in time and facilitate the production adjustment. At the same time, it can also save processing costs in different places, reduce processing costs, enhance product market competitiveness and promote local employment.
2. Optimize the industrial structure and give full play to the advantages of industrial clusters
Re-plan the industrial development of textile and garment industry in the whole city, and allocate resources from the aspects of industrial division, specialized division of labor and industrial support. Make full use of the existing advantages, vigorously support leading enterprises in textile and clothing, and radiate the demonstration effect of leading enterprises to other small and medium-sized enterprises. Encourage mergers and acquisitions between enterprises and integrate resource allocation; Encourage more textile and garment enterprises to enter the park. For industrial parks in all districts and counties, we should actively plan and guide enterprises to pay attention to market division while making use of their own advantages, promote mutual cooperation and avoid vicious competition. In terms of technology, enterprises should be encouraged to update existing technologies and develop high value-added products.
3. Strengthen the government's guidance and promote the foreign exchange of enterprises
From the development history of shishi city's textile and garment industry, the government has played a great role in promoting the whole process. It is mentioned in the Opinions that a modern comprehensive transportation network on the west side of the Taiwan Strait will be built, which will greatly facilitate Fuzhou's foreign exchanges. Fuzhou municipal government can take the lead in guiding local textile and garment enterprises in Fuzhou to go abroad, strengthen foreign economic exchanges, promote economic development, and provide software and hardware support for the long-term development of textile and garment industry from the perspective of industrial development. From the data of Fuzhou's foreign investment, Fujian Province is one of the main sources of funds. According to the Opinions, a cross-strait regional financial service center will be established. Fuzhou Municipal Government should make full use of the opportunity of developing Haixi economic region, strengthen economic cooperation and exchanges within the region, strive to provide and create financing opportunities for enterprises, help enterprises adjust product structure and improve the equipment level of textile industry. In terms of talents, the government can employ and appoint professional and technical personnel in the form of technical support to help enterprises grow rapidly. For enterprises that have the conditions to introduce talents, the government can give some help and preferential policies to help enterprises reduce the cost of introduction. Enterprises themselves can also cooperate with professional colleges and universities to obtain suitable talents by appointing employees for further study and training professionals in a targeted manner.
references
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