What are the types of business loans? You can apply through these channels!

Difficulty is a problem faced by many companies. In fact, there are many types of corporate loans that can be applied for, and different collaterals need to be provided. Today we will introduce them, and everyone can choose freely according to their own needs.

1. Enterprise credit loan

Enterprise refers to a bank loan obtained by an enterprise based on its operation and credit without providing collateral. Like personal credit loans, this method is convenient and fast, but the bank's review conditions are relatively strict. Banks have higher daily turnover requirements for loan companies, and the loan cycle is longer than corporate mortgage loans. The ordinary loan period of corporate credit loans is 1-3 years, and the loan interest rate is 20-30% higher than the base interest rate.

2. Loans based on tax credit

Nowadays, many areas have products that allow you to apply for loans based on tax. This kind of financial product encourages business owners to tax in accordance with the law and get loans based on their tax credit rating. Get the corresponding loan, and the higher the tax credit, the lower the loan interest rate.

3. Business mortgage loan

Mortgage loan is a more common way of operating a small business loan. Generally, you apply for a loan from a bank by mortgaging real estate. The collateral is usually real estate or factory buildings under the name of the company. The loan amount can generally reach about 70% of the appraised value of the real estate. The bank approval and loan process is fast, and the general cycle is about one month. The loan term is 1-5 years, and the interest rate is about 20-30 RMB.

4. Merchant joint guarantee

Merchant joint guarantee means that three individual industrial and commercial households or sole proprietorship owners form a joint guarantee team. They no longer need other guarantees and can apply to the bank Apply for a loan. Under normal circumstances, the maximum loan amount for each merchant is temporarily 100,000 yuan (200,000 yuan in some areas), the loan term is 1-3 years, and the interest rate is about 20-30 yuan.

What are the channels for small and medium-sized enterprise loans?

1. Upstream and downstream channels: Small businesses can look for loan opportunities from upstream and downstream of the industrial chain. If they are a dealer of a well-known brand of cars, the company can borrow from the credit and guarantee of the upstream manufacturers. If As a material supplier to a leading company, you can also use the order to go to the bank to process the order pledge.

2. Policies: Now the country is vigorously supporting small and medium-sized enterprises and has successively launched many preferential policies. The Small Business Bureau and the Industrial and Commercial Bureau usually have relatively complete bank credit information. Some departments will introduce enterprises to join a certain bank-securities joint loan project, and some will set up guarantee institutions to provide guarantees for small business loans.

3. Financial institutions: You can obtain loan information from various commercial institutions, such as development zone management committees, chambers of commerce and industry associations in development parks or science and technology parks. Some commercial institutions will also Establish joint loan projects with banks, and commercial institutions provide guarantees for small business loans under them.

4. Local channels: If the company is a member of a county industrial cluster or a local advantageous and characteristic industry, the company can also apply for joint guarantee loans and other loan types based on the advantages of related companies.

Extended information:

What are the ways to obtain loans for small and medium-sized enterprises?

1. Comprehensive credit

That is, to some enterprises with good operating conditions and reliable credit, a certain amount of credit line is granted for a certain period of time, and the enterprise can recycle it within the validity period and the limit range. . For a comprehensive credit limit, the enterprise shall declare relevant materials in one go and the bank shall approve it in one go. Enterprises can use the funds in installments according to their own operating conditions and borrow and repay them at any time. It is very convenient for enterprises to borrow money and it also saves loan costs. Banks provide loans in this way, generally to enterprises that have industrial and commercial registration, passed annual inspections, have good management, reliable reputation, and have a long-term cooperative relationship with banks.

2. Credit guarantee loans

Among the 31 provinces and cities across the country, more than 100 cities have established credit guarantee institutions for small and medium-sized enterprises. Most of these institutions implement membership management and are public service, industry self-disciplined, and non-profit organizations.

The source of the guarantee fund is generally composed of local government financial allocations, member funds voluntarily paid by members, funds raised from the community, and funds from commercial banks. When member companies borrow money from banks, they can be guaranteed by small and medium-sized enterprise guarantee institutions. In addition, small and medium-sized enterprises can also seek guarantee services from guarantee companies that specialize in intermediary services. When an enterprise cannot provide guarantees acceptable to banks, such as mortgages, pledges or third-party credit guarantors, guarantee companies can solve these problems. Because guarantee companies have more flexible collateral requirements than banks. Of course, in order to protect their own interests, guarantee companies often require enterprises to provide counter-guarantee measures. Sometimes guarantee companies will send personnel to enterprises to monitor the flow of funds.

3. Project Development Loans

If some high-tech small and medium-sized enterprises have scientific and technological achievement transformation projects of great value and the initial investment amount is relatively large and the company's own capital cannot bear it, they can apply to Bank application for project development loan. Commercial banks will provide active credit support to small and medium-sized enterprises that have high-tech products or patented projects with mature technologies and good market prospects, as well as small and medium-sized enterprises that use high-tech achievements to carry out technological transformation, to promote enterprises to accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. For high-tech small and medium-sized enterprises that have established stable project development relationships with universities and scientific research institutions or have their own research departments, banks can also provide project development loans in addition to working capital loans.

4. Natural person guaranteed loans

Natural person guarantees can take the form of mortgage, rights pledge, or mortgage plus guarantee. Properties that can be used as mortgage include personal properties, land use rights, transportation vehicles, etc. Personal property that can be pledged includes savings certificates, certificated treasury bonds and registered financial bonds. Mortgage plus guarantee means that on the basis of property mortgage, the mortgagor's joint liability guarantee is added. If the borrower fails to repay the entire loan principal and interest on time or other defaults occur, the bank will require the guarantor to perform its guarantee obligations.

5. Personal entrusted loans

Commercial banks such as China Construction Bank, Minsheng Bank, and CITIC Industrial Bank have successively launched a new type of loan business - personal entrusted loans. That is, a loan is entrusted by an individual to provide funds, and a commercial bank issues, supervises, uses and assists in the recovery of the loan based on the loan object, purpose, amount, term, interest rate, etc. determined by the client. The basic procedure for handling personal entrusted loans is:

The entruster submits a loan application to the bank.

The bank will select and match according to the conditions and requirements of both parties, and recommend them to the entrusting party and the borrower respectively.

The client and the borrower meet directly to negotiate and make decisions on specific matters and details such as loan amount, interest rate, loan term, repayment method, etc.

After the borrower and the lender have negotiated the required conditions, they go to the bank together and sign an entrustment agreement with the bank respectively.

The bank investigates the borrower's credit status and repayment ability and issues an investigation report. Then the borrower and the lender sign a loan contract and issue the loan after approval by the bank.

6. Bill discount loan

Bill discount loan means that the bill holder transfers the commercial bill to the bank and obtains funds after deducting the discount interest. In our country, commercial bills mainly refer to bank acceptance bills and commercial acceptance bills. One of the benefits of this loan method is that banks do not lend based on the company's asset size, but based on market conditions (sales contracts). From the time an enterprise receives a bill to the date when the bill matures for redemption, it often takes anywhere from a few dozen days to as many as 300 days. During this period, the funds are idle. If an enterprise can make full use of bill discount loans, the procedures are far simpler than applying for a loan, and the loan cost is very low. For bill discounting, you only need to bring the corresponding bills to the bank to go through the relevant procedures. It can usually be completed within 3 business days. For enterprises, this is "using tomorrow's money to make money the day after tomorrow." This kind of loan method It is worthy of extensive and active use by small and medium-sized enterprises.

7. Pawn loan

Pawn is a loan method that uses physical objects as collateral and obtains temporary loans in the form of transfer of physical property ownership.

Compared with bank loans, pawn loans have high costs and small loan sizes, but pawns also have advantages that bank loans cannot compare with. First of all, compared with banks’ almost demanding credit requirements for borrowers, pawn shops have almost zero credit requirements for customers. Pawn shops only focus on whether the pawned items are genuine. Moreover, generally commercial banks only mortgage real estate, while pawn shops can pledge both movable and real estate. In fact, in addition to pawn shops, microfinance service institutions, guarantee companies, companies and other institutions are carrying out vehicle mortgage loan business.

8. Intellectual property rights

Intellectual property rights refer to applying for small and medium-sized enterprise financing from banks after evaluating the property rights in legally owned patent rights, trademark rights, and copyrights. Due to the particularity of the implementation and realization of intellectual property rights such as patent rights, only a few banks provide this SME financing facility to some small and medium-sized enterprises, and the guarantee is generally required by the legal representative of the enterprise. Despite this, outstanding small and medium-sized enterprises with independent intellectual property rights can still give it a try.

What types of business loans are there?

Types of corporate loans:

1. Classification according to loan operating attributes

1. Self-operated loans. It refers to a loan that is independently issued by the lender with funds raised in a legal manner. The risk is borne by the lender and the principal and interest are recovered by the lender.

2. Entrusted loans. Refers to loans provided by clients such as government departments, enterprises, institutions, and individuals, and the lender (i.e., the trustee) issues, supervises, and assists in the recovery of loans based on the loan object, purpose, amount, term, interest rate, etc. determined by the client. . The lender (trustee) only charges a processing fee and does not bear the risk of the loan.

3． Certain Loans. Refers to loans issued by wholly state-owned commercial banks with the approval of the State Council and after taking corresponding remedial measures for possible losses caused by the loans.

2. Divide by loan period

1. Short-term loans. Refers to loans with a loan term within 1 year (including 1 year).

2. Medium and long-term loans. Medium-term loans refer to loans with a loan term of more than 1 year (exclusive) and less than 5 years (including 5 years).

Long-term loans refer to loans with a loan term of more than 5 years (excluding 5 years). RMB medium and long-term loans include fixed asset loans and special loans.

Extended information:

Enterprise loans are mainly used for large-scale long-term investments such as the purchase and construction of fixed assets and technological transformation. At present, corporate loans can be divided into: working capital loans, fixed asset loans, credit loans, guaranteed loans, stocks, foreign exchange, unit time deposit certificates, gold, syndicated loans, bank acceptance bills, bank acceptance bill discounts, Discounting of commercial acceptance bills, discounting of buyer or agreement interest-paying bills, domestic factoring with recourse, and export tax refund account custody loans.

Fixed asset loans refer to medium- and long-term loans issued by banks to borrowers for investment in fixed asset projects.

According to the purpose of the loan, it is divided into capital construction loans and technological transformation loans:

1. Capital construction loans: refers to medium and long-term loans used for capital construction projects approved by the competent authorities. . Capital construction projects refer to the total number of engineering projects that are composed of or composed of one or several individual projects according to an overall design, including new projects, expansion projects, plant-wide relocation projects, restorative reconstruction projects, etc.

2. Technical transformation loan: refers to medium and long-term loans used for technological transformation projects approved by the competent authorities. Technical transformation projects refer to renewal and transformation projects based on the original production and operation of the enterprise, using new technologies, new equipment, new processes, and new materials to promote and apply scientific and technological achievements.

Credit loan:

Credit loan refers to a loan issued by a bank based on the creditworthiness of the borrower, and the borrower does not need to provide guarantee.

According to the loan period, it is divided into: short-term loans, medium-term loans and long-term loans.

1. Short-term loan: refers to a loan with a loan term within 1 year (inclusive).

2. Medium-term loan: refers to a loan with a term of 1 year (exclusive) to 5 years (inclusive).

3. Long-term loan: refers to a loan with a loan term of more than 5 years (exclusive).