In 2014, Lufeng City achieved a regional GDP of 22 billion yuan, an increase of 11%; a total industrial output value of 40.196 billion yuan, an increase of 24.3%; fixed asset investment of 16.329 billion yuan, an increase of 13%; public *** The fiscal budget revenue was 1.625 billion yuan, an increase of 16%, and the tax revenue at this level was 688 million yuan, including 638 million yuan of local taxes and 49.35 million yuan of national taxes; the total foreign trade exports were 144 million US dollars, an increase of 1.5%; the total foreign trade imports were 147 million US dollars, an increase of 384 %. . The main crops in Lufeng City include rice, wheat, soybeans, taro, kenaf, corn, sweet potatoes, cassava, peanuts, sugar cane, etc. There are 35 species of forest trees in 16 families, and the common ones are trees and shrubs.
In 2013, the agricultural added value of Lufeng City was 10.826 billion yuan, an increase of 3.9%; the total grain output was 417,200 tons. Agricultural industrialization continues to advance, and production bases for grain, pollution-free agricultural products, specialty agricultural products, etc. are beginning to take shape. The city has 64 leading agricultural enterprises at all levels, including 1 at the national level and 10 at the provincial level; 16 new provincial-level vegetable basket bases have been added , 9 training bases. 440 million yuan was invested to complete 125 central and provincial-level livelihood water conservancy projects, and the farmland irrigation area was improved to 11,000 acres. Policy-based rice insurance work was launched in a timely manner, and compensation of 9 million yuan was paid to disaster-stricken farmers throughout the year. Zhejiang Hailiang Group, one of the top 500 companies in the country, settled in the Shenshan Special Cooperation Zone to develop organic agriculture. The construction of standardized fishing ports in Qianmen and Xiaomo was accelerated. Shanwei dialect. Hoklo dialect Most areas in Lufeng use Shanwei Hoklo dialect.
People in Shanwei City call their dialect "hōk-ló-uě", which is more complicated than Mandarin in terms of sound, rhyme and tone. There are 17 initial consonants, 74 finals, and 8 tones (7 tones for Gongping and Donghai accents).
This kind of language calling is consistent with Fujian, Minnan, Taiwan and other places. In Taiwan, according to the homophonic people who created the "Heluo dialect", most of the Hokkien-speaking people in Fujian Province on the mainland also agree with this writing method.
Min-Taiwan is the root language of the Fujian language family, commonly known as Hokkien, and is accepted by both Fujian and Taiwan; commonly known as Heluo dialect.
Hakka Hakka is distributed in the mountainous area in the north of Lufeng City.
Hailu dialect mainly immigrated from the Hakka people in Shanwei City, Guangdong. The Hakkas lived close to the mountains. In the middle of the Qing Dynasty, some of the Hakkas in today's Luhe, Haifeng and Huangqiang areas immigrated to Taiwan and Southeast Asia. There are still some Hakkas on land and sea. Taiwan's Hailu accent is relatively close to Hakka in Shanwei City, Guangdong. The tones of Hailu accent are almost opposite to those of Sixian accent and similar to Cantonese. The Hakka language in the Hailufeng area belongs to the Hailu area of ??Guangdong and Taiwan, and is a Hakka language close to vernacular. Military dialect Military dialect is a mixed dialect that contains Mandarin elements but is deeply influenced by Hakka dialect. It is distributed in Shanwei City and is influenced by Minnan dialect. There are Qingtang Village, Southwest Town, Lufeng City, Kanshitan Village, Da'an Town, and Pingding, Haifeng County. There are three dialect islands in Longyintang Village, Dongzhen, with about 10,000 speakers. Zhengzi Opera, also known as Zhengyin Opera, is also known as the Great Southern Opera. It is sung in Mandarin (zhengyin) with Zhongzhou pronunciation. It is a legacy of Nanxi Opera. It has a history of more than 800 years and has always been praised by experts and scholars in the domestic and foreign drama circles. It is called a living fossil of Chinese drama. Zhengzi Opera includes Zhengyinqu (mixed with a tune from Yiyang, Yuyao, Qingyang and Siping), Kunqiang, Luantan and Zatiao. It is an ancient and rare opera with multiple voices. In 2006, Zhengzi Opera was announced by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists.
The Lufeng Shadow Puppet Troupe is the only professional shadow puppet troupe in Guangdong Province. Lufeng shadow puppetry has been surviving and developing among the people. It has the genes of the ancient Hokkien language and was nurtured by Hailufeng folk customs. It has rich singing and music, strong local characteristics, exquisite paintings and sculptures, vivid and lifelike performances, and impressive elegance. In 2006, Lufeng Shadow Play was approved by the State Council and included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists.
Baizi Opera has a long history. In the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties (or earlier), it flowed from southern Fujian to eastern Guangdong. When it arrived in Hailufeng, it was combined with local dialects and folk art, and gradually formed a form with strong local characteristics. Hai Lu Feng Bai Zi Opera. The music singing style is basically a couplet of tunes, supplemented by folk songs and minor tunes. Because singing songs often use "Ah Yi Ai" to line up the lyrics and enhance the tune, it is also called "Ah Yi Ai". Later, it absorbed folk arts such as bamboo horses, money drums, fishermen's songs and Teochew opera music, and gradually formed its own style and characteristics. Baizi Opera was originally divided into Laobaizi (local opera in southern Fujian), Chaozhou Baizi (now called Chaozhou Opera) and Nanxiabaizi (Hailufeng Baizi). Now it is the specific name of Hailufeng Baizi.
There are many kinds of lion dances in Hailufeng with different origins. Among them, the green-faced and white-breasted "Gaizi Lion" in Qingtang Village (an intangible cultural heritage of Lufeng City) has the longest history and is respected as the boss/ Lion King.
Five Colored Lions
Jieshi was built as a garrison in the early Ming Dynasty. The Jieshi Guard Qian'ao Fort was built. It was an important coastal defense military town in China during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the garrison was controlled by the imperial court throughout the country. tune. According to legend, the Jieshi Acropolis Dance "Five-Colored Lion Lantern Dance" existed during the Hongwu period of the Ming Dynasty, and has gradually become one of the most local traditional entertainment programs in Jieshi Town that is popular with the masses and has the longest history. The mighty and majestic "Five Color Lion Lantern Dance" not only harmonizes the characteristics of lion dances from other places, but also has unique local characteristics, forming a traditional dance that highlights local folk customs. The "Five Color Lion Lantern Dance" is made by tying bamboo pieces into a frame and mounting it with thin tissue paper or cloth. The lion is 2.8 meters tall, 3.2 meters long and 1.2 meters wide. It is hollow inside and has a device for placing candles. The head, tail and waist of the lion are connected with a soft rope, which can move forward and backward. The head and tail of the lion are each equipped with a bamboo pole. The five lions are painted in five colors: green, blue, red, yellow and dark blue, so it is called "Five Color Lion Lantern Dance", symbolizing the five elements of gold, wood, water, fire and earth and the five elements of east, west, south, north and middle. position. In 2009, it was selected into the third batch of provincial intangible cultural heritage list.
Ying Song and Dance
Jiaziying Song and Dance is the song and dance of heroes, and heroes refer to the 108 heroes in Liangshanbo. In the birth plan of Zhijie, they disguised themselves and sneaked into Daming Mansion. Justice, wit, not afraid of difficulties, heroic and enterprising spirit show the heroic spirit of Liangshanbo heroes. Yingge and dance is a traditional folk program in Jiazi Town, Lufeng City. It has a long history. It is said that during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, the people in Jiazi area celebrated a grand temple fair and introduced Yingge from the Fujian activity form. Because Yingge and dance have ancient costumes; It is majestic and moving, and is appreciated and loved by the masses. Therefore, it is carried out every year and passed down from generation to generation. It has been passed down for more than 300 years and has become a unique song and dance. In 2011, Jiaziying Song and Dance was selected into the third batch of national intangible cultural heritage list of the State Council.
Golden Dragon Rolling on the Ground
During the "Golden Dragon Rolling on the Ground" performance in Nanxi Village, two people get into the "dragon body quilt", one person dances the dragon head and the other dances the dragon tail. The whole performance process is divided into "opening ceremony", "surrounding the cave", "playing in the pool", "stretching the tendons and washing the scales", "sleeping under the hibernation and hearing the thunder", "dancing to welcome the thunder", "flying on the clouds", " There are eight dance sections in "Returning the Gift at the End", which imitate the movements of the dragon, whirling and flying, playing in the water, meditating and awakening, meandering softly, and advancing bravely. The accompaniment is the majestic, resonant and broad-sounding "big gongs and drums" of Hai Lufeng Zhengzi Opera, and the big suona plays different tunes according to different performance plots, including Gong'e's Resentment, Weeping for the Emperor, Hillside Sheep, and Badan Tou. Rich expressions, numerous routines, exciting dance sections, and good skills are the basic characteristics of this dance. Lufeng's rolling golden dragon is mainly located in Nanxi Village and Anyun Village of Da'an Town, Qingtang Village, Dingtan Village, Antang Village, Anbo Village of Southwest Town, Wangcuo Village of Cixi (Jiuxiang), Shenshan Village of Chengdong Town, Tan It spreads in Shengou Village of Xizhen Town, Heshun Village (Hydrochloride Corner) of Xiangzhou Street in Shanwei City and other villages. In 2006, the Lufeng Golden Dragon Rolling Ground was approved by the State Council and included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists.
The Eight Immortals Riding the Eight Beasts
The "Eight Beast Dance" in Da'an originated from the foundation laying ceremony of Anlu County in the fifth year of Wude in the Tang Dynasty. People at that time celebrated it with the "Eight Beasts". Because the "eight beasts" are lifelike in appearance and extraordinary in momentum, they are regarded as auspicious things. After that, in all large-scale celebrations, "eight beasts" will appear. The legacy of the Tang Dynasty has lasted for more than a thousand years and has been passed down to this day. Taoism began in the Eastern Han Dynasty, flourished in the Tang Dynasty, and continued in the Song, Jin, Yuan, Ming and other dynasties. By the Qing Dynasty, Taoism was suppressed because it was regarded as the religion of the Han people. The "Eight Immortals" are Taoist figures. There were legends of the "Eight Immortals" in the Tang Dynasty, but there was no "Eight Immortals riding on eight beasts". It was not until the Song Dynasty that the "Eight Immortals" took shape. "Eight Beasts" refers to the eight animals: unicorn, lion, elephant, sheep, green ox, tiger, deer, and horse. They are the mounts of the legendary "Eight Immortals" and are ridden by eight children, six men and two women, dressed as the eight immortals. The performance is performed on the Eight Beasts, so it is also called "Eight Immortals and Eight Riders" and "Eight Immortals Riding on Eight Beasts". According to the order of appearance of each immortal's mount and performance, the first is Han Zhongli riding a unicorn, the second is Lu Dongbin riding a lion, the third is Han Xiangzi riding a sheep, the fourth is Cao Guojiu riding a green ox, and the fifth is Li Tieguai riding a tiger. , the sixth is Zhang Guolao riding a horse, the seventh is He Xiangu riding a lucky deer, and the eighth is Lan Caihe riding an elephant.
Piaose
Bomei Piaose is commonly known as Bomei Beauty. According to research, it was introduced from Suzhou in the 33rd year of Qianlong’s reign in the Qing Dynasty (1768 AD). Bomei business celebrity Lin Guangshen, courtesy name Shangzhi, Taixueshi, was running a brown sugar wholesale business in Suzhou when he held a cultural parade during local festivals. He was impressed by the lifelike performance, exquisite makeup and graceful manners of the Piaose performance. Deeply moved, he invited local artists to be his teachers, purchased eight sets of Piaose props, and hired famous artists to teach and teach Piaose art and makeup skills in Bomei. Since then, Bomei Piaose performances have been held every traditional festival such as the Spring Festival, Lantern Festival, and March 23rd. It has been passed down from generation to generation and has been improved, innovated, and developed. The performance characteristics of Bomei Piaose: It can be divided into two parts: the top pile and the bottom pile. Each Piaose is 450cm-500cm high, and uses a landscape bed 250cm long, 120cm wide and 80cm high as a small stage. , the figure standing on the table is called "screen", also known as the bottom pile, and the figure of historical heroes rising in the air is called "piao", also called the top pile. The two are made up of a carefully forged steel bar of various specifications and shapes as the background, and are connected into an organic whole to express the characteristics of floating colors and highlight the patriotism of historical heroes. There are currently only five Bomei Piaose. In the past, eight people were required to carry each Piaose for parades. Now it has been modified to use flat wheels and only four people can push it for a parade. Piaose must strictly select boys and girls aged 8-18 as performers, and each Piaose needs 3-5 people. In 2009, it was selected into the third batch of provincial intangible cultural heritage list.
Qian Gu Gu
Qian Gu Gu, also known as "Stepping on the Money Drum", is a folk song and dance with a long history and unique art. It is sung by two or four characters. Nowadays, it is mostly choreographed as a group dance. The actors are child actors, paired with men and women; dressed in colorful clothes, green men and red women. Wearing a hat, holding dance tools and drums, they sang and danced. The original form is mostly interspersed with characters and plots. The stories handed down today include "Chen San Moping Mirror", "Guo Hua Selling Rouge", "Pei Hang Meets Yunying" and so on. These stories themselves are either derived from "Tang Dynasty Legends" or "Song and Yuan Huaben", and are of ancient form. During the performance, there are vocals and accompaniments. The backing line of the lyrics is "呰嗹", which is an ancient Sanskrit song. The accompaniment music includes "Liu Qingniang", "Shuangqing", "Qian Guwei (Chuan)", etc. "Liu Qingniang" is an ancient "brand song". "Qiangu Chuan" is very unique, and its musical language is unique. There are two sets of dance moves. One set belongs to the dance moves of "Qian Gu": such as drumming, shaking the drum, beating the drum, shaking the drum, throwing the drum, catching the drum, etc.; the other set belongs to the opera moves that play out the story: such as riding a horse and reining in a horse. , watchtower, grinding mirrors, looking into mirrors, threading needles, threading, embroidery, etc. The two sets of movements, blended together seamlessly, are an excellent example of the transition from folk song and dance, rap music to opera art.
Qilin Lion Dance
Lufeng Qilin Dance is one of the traditional sports activities in Lufeng that integrates martial arts, dance and music. It is related to the people's resistance to rape and alien invasion in history, and later evolved into a grand festival and entertainment activity to celebrate auspiciousness. It is mainly performed during the Spring Festival and festive festivals. It was included in the first batch of intangible cultural heritage lists in Lufeng City.
East China Sea Dragon Dance
The East China Sea Dragon Dance is one of Lufeng’s traditional folk arts programs. The performance is accompanied by orthographic opera and wind and percussion music. The dragon is 56 meters long and represents 56 ethnic groups. With the majestic drum music, the dragon dances gracefully and plays with the pearl. The scene is very spectacular.
Hudong Lion Dance
Hudong Lion Dance has a long history and profound meaning. Its content is to promote traditional culture, drive away evil spirits and strengthen people's health, and is a symbol of joy and joy. It is a cultural and sports activity that has always been popular among people in Hudong. It was included in the first batch of intangible cultural heritage lists in Lufeng City.
Hudong lion dance, commonly known as tiger and lion dance. It is a traditional folk dance that is popular among people in Hudong. It is unclear where it came from during the Qing Dynasty. However, throughout history, it has been regarded by local people as a folk activity that can drive away evil and control evil spirits. Therefore, during traditional festivals, the completion of new buildings, the opening of bridges and other celebrations, the "Tiger and Lion Class" must be invited to dance. People hope that the "tiger and lion" can help them get rid of bad luck. Hudong lion dance is usually performed on December 24th of the lunar calendar every year, the day "God goes to heaven" and on December 30th. During the Spring Festival, it is the most popular among people. Regardless of men, women, old or young, they rush to watch as soon as they hear the gongs and drums of the "Tiger and Lion Class". As soon as the "tiger and lion" arrive, firecrackers are set off to welcome them, in the hope that the "tiger and lion" can wash away the bad luck in the past year and bring peace in the new year.
Shangying Unicorn Unicorn
The Shangying Unicorn Unicorn Dance is a folk dance activity practiced in Lufeng to ward off evil spirits and bring good luck. It is an animal dance with Zhongnan Boxing as the main movement of traditional Chinese martial arts. It not only clearly reflects the evolution of Shangying folk culture, but also dynamically reveals the development process of Shangying folk traditional dance. It has certain historical value and humanistic value. It is one of the traditional folk animal dances with strong local characteristics. It was included in the second batch of intangible cultural heritage list of Lufeng City.
Tanxi Golden Lion Dance
Tanxi Golden Lion Dance has a long history and profound meaning. Its dance movements, shapes, dance rhymes, instrumental accompaniments, etc. can not only reflect the evolution of Tanxi folk culture, but also dynamically reveal the development process of Han folk traditional dance. It was included in the second batch of intangible cultural heritage list of Lufeng City.
Tanxi Golden Lion Dance is commonly known as "beating the tiger and lion" or "acting as the tiger and lion". It is a traditional folk dance. It has certain historical value and artistic research value: it plays an important role in studying the history of Chinese folk dance; its dance movements, shapes, dance rhymes, instrumental accompaniments, etc. reflect the superb skills of the artists and contain certain scientific genes. It has high artistic value for the study of Chinese folk dance and Guangdong music; it is also a physical fitness project and an extremely important material for the study of the Chinese martial arts - "Nanquan". Wind and Percussion Music
The "Nantang Wind and Percussion Music" represented by the Nantang Qingxing Class is one of the musics of Guangdong Province. It mainly focuses on "winding songs" with large and small suonas, and is supplemented by gongs, drums, cymbals, etc. Percussion music forms the wind and percussion music, sometimes supplemented by string performance, and is interspersed with performances such as difficult single blowing or single double blowing with the head, hands and legs holding a porcelain bowl. In July 2006, he represented the Guangdong Provincial Team and went to Beidaihe, Hebei Province to participate in the 7th National Folk Literature Shanhua Award and Folk Art Performance Award, as well as the National Blowing Singing Exhibition, and won the honorary title of "Special Excellence Award" and "King of Blowing Singing".
Zizhuguan Taoist Music
Lufeng Hexi Zizhuguan Taoist music has a long history. As far back as the Jin Dynasty, the Taoist Lu Xun and other uprisings failed, and some of the remaining people dispersed to Hailufeng and lived in coastal ports and islands, known as "Luting" in history. Since then, there have been Taoism, Taoist disciples, their Taoist temples, Taoist music, etc. in Hailufeng. Zizhu Temple originated from the Yuqing Palace in Jiazimen of the Song Dynasty. In the 27th year of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1688), it was moved to Caiyuanzi, Donghaijiao, Lufeng County, and was called "Jueshengtang". The original site is still preserved today. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, it was moved to Dafeng Mountain in Hukou, Hexi Town, Lufeng City today, and the "Juesheng Hall" was renamed "Zizhu Temple", commonly known as "Hukou Temple". Zizhu Temple covers an area of ??more than 1,200 square meters, with a construction area of ??more than 860 square meters. It has three halls, front, middle and back. The front hall is dedicated to "Wang Lingguan"; the middle hall is "Jade Emperor", with Lu Chunyang, Qiu Changchun and other Taoist founders on the left and right; the back hall: Tian Guan, Di Guan, Shui Guan and Nan Chen Beidou Xingjun, etc. Belongs to the lineage of the Longmen Sect of the Quanzhen Religion. The Taoist music of Zizhu Temple is divided into two parts: one is the ceremonial music for Taoist disciples to read in the morning and evening classes; the other is the Dharma music for the God's birthday ceremony. The music he sings is based on the scriptures and has been passed down from generation to generation without changing every word. The singing voice is meandering, so the proverb is called "a smart opera boy, a stupid master". It is said that he sticks to tradition and does not know changes. However, its historical value, artistic value and scientific value are worthy of praise. In 2009, it was selected into the third batch of provincial intangible cultural heritage list. Hudong dry dragon boat, also known as "mountain dragon boat". The people of Hudong, which is close to the sea, are used to seeing dragon boat races on the water every Dragon Boat Festival. They imitate the rowing action of dragon boats on the water and row the dragon boats symbolically on land. According to legend, it began in the 17th year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1644 AD) and was founded by the people in the town. Since the Qing Dynasty, it has been mostly held during festivals and celebrations. It is 20 meters long and can be performed by 30 to 46 people. The actors are divided into two rows and stand in the middle of the boat. During the performance, a belt is tied to the hull of the boat, and the dragon boat is driven forward by walking instead of the boat. Under the sound of gongs and drums in the ship and the command of the conductor, the paddlers chanted rhythmically and made neat ups and downs of the paddles. They rowed collectively, and the paddlers and rudders also made corresponding coordinated movements. It looked like the boat was sailing. On the water, the scene is lively, forming a moving picture of striving for the upper reaches and dragon racing to win the championship, which is no less than the scene of dragon boat racing on the river in the harbor pond. In particular, when the radiomen sang beautiful fishermen's songs along with the loud whistles, it created a charming realm. The fishermen's songs include duets and choruses. The dragon boat with local characteristics is one of the local people's favorite cultural activities and performances. In 2009, it was selected into the third batch of provincial intangible cultural heritage list.