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"Old Shenyang" Documents and Historical Materials (7) Fengtian Mortar Factory

During the Fengtian rule, Zhang Zuolin established the Fengtian Mortar Factory in Fengtian. The mortar factory was originally located in Beidaying, but later moved to the location of the Wusan Factory (now southwest of the CBD of Shenyang New Taipei Station), and the factory area was expanded.

The predecessor of Fengtian Mortar Factory was the Armament Department that was restructured in 1922 to manufacture mortars. In 1926, Zhang Zuolin changed it to Fengtian Mortar Factory. To meet the needs of the war, a new factory was built. In February 1927, the old and new factories merged, and in May 1929 it was renamed Liaoning Mortar Factory.

From its expansion to the September 18th Incident, the mortar factory produced a large number of arms and weapons, some of which were not produced by other domestic factories. This was a pioneering work in the history of China's military industry.

In 1931, my country's first independently designed car came out in Shenyang and was manufactured by the Liaoning Mortar Factory under the control of General Zhang Xueliang. In 1929, Zhang Xueliang asked Li Yichun, director of the Minsheng Factory, to purchase a complete "Ruixue" vehicle from the United States as a prototype. Li Yichun disassembled the entire vehicle, and then redesigned and manufactured other parts except the engine rear axle, electrical devices, tires and other original vehicle parts. After two years, he finally successfully trial-produced my country's first car, named Minsheng Model 75. automobile, pioneering China's self-made automobiles.

On September 18, 1931, Japan launched the "September 18th" Incident, and the Minsheng Factory was occupied by the Japanese army. The Liaoning Mortar Factory was later converted into an automobile repair and assembly factory by the Japanese Kwantung Army. Before these Minsheng brand cars had time to be assembled, all their parts were snatched away by the Japanese army. As a result, my country's long-cherished wish to create a national automobile industry for the first time was strangled in the cradle.

During the Japanese-Puppet period, the Industrial Department of the Puppet Manchukuo established Dowa Automobile Industry Co., Ltd. here. The large trucks (the collective name for trucks at that time) running on the streets at that time were all produced here, and the trademark was "Tonghe brand".

It is reported that the Japanese manufacturer that took over the Minsheng brand automobile production line at that time was Toyota. At that time, Toyota was still a small company that made a living by selling textiles. After Toyota took over the "Minsheng Brand", it immediately renamed it "Toyota Type 31C". 31 refers to 1931 and C refers to "China". Four years later, in 1935, based on the "Minsheng" brand of that year, Toyota's first car "Toyota G1" came out.

After the founding of New China, the Liaoning Mortar Factory became the Shenyang Wusan Arsenal. This is the earliest military industrial enterprise in China to build factories. From 1951 to 1954, in order to support the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea and realize product standardization, production workshops and supporting facilities were built successively, further expanding production capacity.

In January 1953, Zhu De, Vice Chairman of the Central People's Government, wrote an inscription for the factory: "You are a model for relying on the working class to run a good factory and enterprise!" The Wusan Factory became a banner for industrial enterprises across the country at that time.

In 1998, Wusan Factory was merged and reorganized by Northeast Machinery Manufacturing Factory. New commercial buildings have been built on the site of the factory.