Recently, I have also been reading "The Punisher of the Song Dynasty", and I also want to know the answer. I searched a lot and only found this one. You can refer to it. I think it is quite detailed.

A brief examination of the Song Ci family

Song Ci, a famous forensic scientist in the Southern Song Dynasty of my country, was a disciple of Zhu Xi. When he was young, he became a disciple of Zhu Xi's favorite disciple Wu Pheasant. Therefore, he had the opportunity to gradually get close to other disciples of Zhu Xi, and often interacted with famous Confucian scholars such as Yang Fang, Huang Qian, Li Fangzi, Cai Yuan, and Cai Chen. Later, he entered Taixue and was fortunate enough to get to know Zhen Dexiu (Mr. Xi), a doctor of Taixue who presided over this institution and a private disciple of Zhu Xi, so he worshiped him as his teacher again. Song Ci studied under Wu Pheasant and studied under Zhen Dexiu. His academic origins were Zhu Xi's studies. He was especially deeply influenced by Zhu Xi's thought of "studying things to gain knowledge". He attached great importance to practice and pursued true knowledge. He finally successfully created the career of forensic medicine and wrote The famous "Resolution of Wrongs" has been circulated around the world and is revered as the originator of forensic medicine in the world.

Song Ci's family has been passed down for four generations since Song Wenzhen of the Tang Dynasty, who moved from Shunde County, Hebei Province to Jiande County, Zhejiang Province, and passed down to Jiande County, Zhejiang Province for three more generations. His grandson Song Shitang (named Shiqing) lived in the seventh year of Yuanhe in the Tang Dynasty (812). He was appointed as the magistrate of Jianyang County, Fujian Province. He favored the beauty of Jianyang's landscape and the elegance of its customs. Before his death, he told his wife: "I have a legacy that I love, and the people will not hide it, so I can establish a family here." ). Therefore, his descendants lived in Jianyang for generations until they returned to Zhejiang in the early 20th century (the exact whereabouts of his descendants are currently unknown). During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (1601) when the "Jianyang County Chronicles" was compiled, the "Song Family Family Record" was consulted, but so far no clues can be found. Based on only the Epitaph of Song Jinglue (Volume 159 of Mr. Complete Works) written by Liu Kezhuang, the magistrate of Jianyang County during the Southern Song Dynasty, and relevant local chronicles, we will make a brief review of Song Ci's lineage and the deeds of some family members.

1. A brief list of Song Ci’s lineage

Since the Song Family Tradition has not yet been discovered, the main data sources for researching Song Ci’s lineage are as follows:

1. Liu Kezhuang's Epitaph of Song Jinglue.

2. Wanli's "Jianyang County Chronicle·County Chronicle·Appendix Supplements" records: "His (Song Dynasty and Tang) descendants Song Xian and Song Ci are both famous in the city."

3. Jiajing's "Jianyang County Chronicles·Biographies·Characters" contains: "Sun Xiang of the fifth generation of Xian Dynasty, Sun Gong of the fourth generation of Xiang Dynasty"; "Xiang Yuan promoted the ancestor's virtue, and Gong Yi boosted the reputation of the family."

4. Wanli "Sun Xiang" "Jianyang County Chronicles·Election Chronicles·Jia Ke" records: "Song Luan: courtesy name Zhongshan, a native of Tongyouli, the magistrate of Guanpu City, and a loving grandson." See the appendix for Song Ci's genealogy.

2. An examination of the deeds of some members of the Song Ci family

Song Ci was born into a scholarly family and a family of officials. According to available documents, there were at least seven Jinshis in his family. There are four of his elders; he and three of his descendants. The deeds of some members of his family are briefly described as follows:

1. Song Wenzhen: a native of Shunde County, Hebei Province. Liu Kezhuang's "Epitaph of Song Jinglue" records: "The Song family was passed down for four generations from Wenzhen of Tang Dynasty, and moved to Mu by Xing." Therefore, Wenzhen of Song Dynasty is the highest ancestor of Song Ci who has documented records. He lived in the Tang Dynasty and his life story is unknown.

2. Song Shitang: named Shiqing, a native of Jiande County, Zhejiang Province. According to the "Epitaph of Song Jinglue", Song Shitang was the seventh generation grandson of Song Wenzhen. The "Jianyang County Chronicles" ("County Chronicles Appendix Supplements") of Wanli of the Ming Dynasty records: He "became a Jinshi in the Yuan Dynasty and Renchen (812) of the Tang Dynasty, and was awarded the title of Jianyang Cheng. He is honest and self-responsible, understands everything, and the people are very safe. Love. The customs of Yi's mountains and rivers are beautiful, and he told his family: "I have legacy and love, and the people will not violate it, so I can establish a family here." After he died in the official position, his descendants lived here. "Then he commented: "In the old days. His descendants, Song Xian and Song Ci, were both famous in the city, so the records in "Jia Cheng" are accurate, so they are recorded here."

The above records illustrate the following three aspects. : First, Song Shitang was the ancestor of the Song Ci family who entered Fujian, and explained the reasons why his descendants settled in Jianyang; secondly, when compiling Ming Wanli's "Jianyang County Chronicles", he had consulted the "Song Family Family Records". Unfortunately, the whereabouts of the "Jia Cheng" are now unknown; thirdly, Song Xian and Song Ci are both direct descendants of the Song Dynasty and Tang Dynasty, but the specific generations between them cannot be inferred for the time being.

3. Song Xian: courtesy name Guanzhi, a native of Tongyouli, Jianyang. In the second year of Tiansheng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1024), he was a Jinshi in the Song Jiao List (Jianyang County Chronicles·Election Chronicles·Jiake) in Wanli of the Ming Dynasty. He has both courage and wisdom, and is both civil and military. In the spring of the first year of Jingyou (1034), he was allowed to stay at home due to illness. The following year, he built Xiaofeng Jingshe in Changmao Village, Luotianli, Jianyang (now Chongluo Township), where he gathered disciples to give lectures and cultivate talents.

Jiangxi Councilor Yu Long wrote "Xiaofeng Jingshe Ji" for him. In the first year of Qingli (1041), he came out again and was appointed magistrate of Youxi County, Fujian Province. During his term of office, he rebuilt the county school and taught classics in person. His favorite disciple Lin Ji became a Jinshi in the sixth year of Qingli (1046), becoming the first Jinshi in the history of the county. He also wrote the first county chronicle of Youxi - "Youchuan Chronicle". When he was appointed as an official in Fujian Shaowu Army, he was very concerned about education, built more school buildings, and purchased 500 acres of school land as education funds. When he was appointed as the magistrate of Shaozhou (now part of Guangdong), he was able to make decisive decisions and punish those who had evil intentions, Rong Xi, and his subordinates were awe-inspiring and did not dare to disobey. Di Qing (Wu Xiang) controlled Guangxi, and Song Xian was promoted to Fang Yuanwai Lang because of his meritorious service with his salary. He asked Yu Qiong (today's Hainan Province) to take charge of the establishment of the school and give him classics and history, so as to change his style and make it the imperial court. After being tired of serving as an official and becoming a doctor in the capital, he finally returned to his hometown with the title of Chaosan doctor to lecture and write. In the eighth year of Jiayou's reign (1063), he wrote "The Epitaph of Mrs. Huang of Jianyang County, Jianzhou, Song Dynasty" for the Wu family, a prominent family in Jianyang at that time. After Song Xian's death, he was buried behind Baoshan Nunnery in the south of Jianyang City (Jianyang County Chronicles, 1994, p. 859).

He served many foreign posts and was diligent in writing. Each of his posts was an episode, covering a wide range of classics, history, classics, and collections. Song Qi, Li Gou, Yu Jing, Wang Tao, Du Qi and others wrote prefaces to his works respectively. Ouyang Xiu, Lu You, and Sima Guang spoke highly of his works. In the preface written by Song Qi for his "Jianchi Bian", he said: "His talents are very sharp, like the wind and springs. Although he has finished his official career, he is still in the book research" (Jianyang County Chronicles·Yiwenzhi·Collection of the Republic of China) kind"). Specific works include "Supplementary Notes to Zhouyi", "Yixun", "Yiming", "Yibian", "Zhengji of Mao's Poems", "External Meanings of (Mao's Poems)", "Additional Notes to the Analects of Confucius", and "Guangzhu of Yang Zi's Fayan" , "Essentials of the Imperial System", "Jianchi Bian", "Mao Tan Lu", etc. The fifth grandson, Song Xiang, ascended to the rank of Jinshi and became the commander-in-chief of Hunan. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, his descendant Song Wenchong (whose relationship with Song Ci is unknown) built the "Song Guan Temple" to commemorate the achievements of the sages ("Jianyang County Annals: Temple Sacrifice Annals" of the Republic of China).

4. Song Xiang: Zifei, Zhiteng, a native of Tongyouli, Jianyang. When he was seven years old, Liu Zihui (Pingshan) ordered him to compose a lantern poem, which he wrote with the help of his pen, saying: "The Geng Geng shines on the secluded room, and the glowing crane flames grow; in the past, the girl on the river used to beg for the remaining light." All the guests praised and sighed. . In the 21st year of Shaoxing (1151), he was admitted to the Zhao Kui list as a Jinshi since childhood, and he was on the same list as You Min and Xiong Ke, who were from the same county (Jianyang County Chronicles·Election Chronicles·Jiake) by Wanli of the Ming Dynasty). In the prison register of the Imperial Academy, I learned that Zhang Jun was one of the ten guests of Jun. At that time, the Empress Dowager Wei returned to Cining Palace and handed it over to her with auspiciousness. She presented 12 chapters of "Shaoxing Yuefu". From then on, she became famous in the capital, seeking to join the court officials and the Hunan Appeasement Department for consultation. Colleagues know that they are entrusted with political affairs to make decisions, and they always make clear decisions like gods. Use Chaosan as a doctor to become an official. He calls himself Meigu Jushi and is the author of "Meigu Collection". He tried to build Tongyou Bridge and establish righteous fields to benefit the people (Jianyang County Chronicles·Character Chronicles·Wenyuan written by Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty).

5. Song An: According to Liu Kezhuang's "Epitaph of Song Jinglue", Song An was Song Ci's great-grandfather, and his life story is unknown.

6. Song Hua: According to Liu Kezhuang's "Song Jinglue Epitaph", Song Hua was Song Ci's grandfather, and his life story is unknown.

7. Song Gong (1147-1219): According to Liu Kezhuang's "Song Jinglue Epitaph", Song Gong was Song Ci's father, named Yiqing, a native of Tongyouli in Jianyang, and the fourth grandson of Song Xiang. He is intelligent in nature, does not specialize in reading chapters, but his vocabulary is better than Changwu weak crown (Changwu: the place for the imperial examination; weak crown: in ancient times, a man held a crown ceremony at the age of 20, indicating that he has become an adult, because he has not yet reached the prime of life, so it is called weak crown. Changwu) House weak crown: here refers to the young people taking the exam). In the seventh year of Jiading (1214) when Teke was appointed to Jiading, Yuan Fu was ranked as a Jinshi, and he was ranked the same as Xiong Gang and Chen Fan from the same county (Jianyang County Chronicles·Election Chronicles·Jiake) by Wanli of the Ming Dynasty). He was awarded the title of Chengshi Lang, the general magistrate of Guangzhou, and he was honest and well-known in politics. Then he resigned and lived in the mountains and forests. He died of illness in the 12th year of Jiading (1219) at the age of 73 (Jianyang County Chronicles·Biographies·Characters of Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty). Song Gong is the only member of the Song Ci family whose birth and death dates can be tested, except Song Ci himself. When he was 40 years old, Song Ci was born. He was already 68 years old when he became a Jinshi with Teke, only three years earlier than his son Song Ci, so he was truly a late bloomer. In the past, it was believed that Song Gong "weakened his crown and became a Jinshi", which may be a misinformation. This misunderstanding may originate from the "Jianyang County Chronicle" written by Wanli of the Ming Dynasty. Otherwise, we can only think that the year of Song Gongzhong's Jinshi status recorded in local chronicles is wrong. How could it be possible for his father to be promoted to Jinshi in a weak title and his son to be promoted to Jinshi three years later? When Song Gong died of illness, Song Ci was 34 years old, two years after Song Cizhong became a Jinshi, which is basically consistent with the record in Liu Kezhuang's "Epitaph of Song Jinglue".

8. Song Ci: Briefly.

[Song Ci’s Tomb Protection Stele and Inscription]

9. Song Guobao: According to Liu Kezhuang’s "Song Jinglue Epitaph", Song Guobao was Song Ci’s eldest son, a rural tribute scholar, and his life story is unknown. .

10. Song Guozi: According to Liu Kezhuang's "Song Jinglue Epitaph", he was the second son of Song Ci and a provincial tribute scholar. His life story is unknown.

11. Song Bingsun: According to Liu Kezhuang's "Song Jinglue Epitaph", Song Bingsun was the youngest son of Song Ci. His courtesy name is Yifu, and he was born in Tongyouli, Jianyang. Dedicated and motivated, knowledgeable and able to write. In the fourth year of Chunyou (1244), Jiachen Liu Meng Yanbang Jinshi (Ming Dynasty Wanli "Jianyang County Chronicles·Election Chronicles·Jiake"). When I first learned about Jianning County, I was sorry at the end of the year and tried my best to provide relief. There was no city in the old town, so it was built on the land. Later, he served as the general magistrate of the county and allocated the remaining salt money to purchase land for repairs. After being tired of official duties, he served as a doctor in the court, and he was in charge of the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Writing. After entering the Yuan Dynasty, he did not serve as an official, but entertained himself by chanting, and finally returned home ("Jianning Prefecture Chronicles·Characters·Good Officials" by Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty). Volume 10 of "Jianyang County Chronicles" written by Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty compares him with Tao Yuanming (Yuan Liang) of the Jin Dynasty because of his "not being an official in the Yuan Dynasty". The impact of Song Bingsun's "Southern Song Dynasty survivor" complex on himself and his family cannot be verified.

12. Song Xuemei: According to Liu Kezhuang's "Song Jinglue Epitaph", Song Xuemei was the eldest daughter of Song Ci and married Liang Xinde, a senior official.

13. Song Jimei: According to Liu Kezhuang's "Song Jinglue Epitaph", she was the second daughter of Song Ci and married to the general Wu Ziqin.

14. Song Xian, Song Tao, and Song Xiang: According to Liu Kezhuang's "Epitaph of Song Jinglue", the three are all grandsons of Song Ci, and they are all generals, but their direct relationship with Song Ci's three sons is unknown. .

15. Song Luan: courtesy name Zhongshan, a child traveler from Jianyang, a loving grandson. In the eighth year of Zhizheng reign of the Yuan Dynasty (1348), Wang Zongzhe was ranked as a Jinshi in Wuzi Branch. Granted the title of Pucheng County Magistrate (Jianyang County Chronicle·Election Chronicle·Jiake) written by Wanli of the Ming Dynasty). Song Luan was the only Jinshi in Jianyang County in the Yuan Dynasty. His direct relationship with Song Ci's three sons cannot be tested.