There must be some,

"Decryption of Chinese Prehistoric Myths", "Research on the Origin of Human Civilization"

There are also references in historical books, such as "Taiping Yu" The "San Wu Li Ji" cited in the "View"

They are all books describing China's prehistoric civilization

The Nihewan culture is divided into early, Middle and late periods. That is, the early Nihewan site group (about 1.5-2 million years ago) represented by the Xiaochangliang site and the Maquangou site, and the middle Nihewan site group (about 10 million years ago) represented by the Houjiayao site. -300,000 years ago), and the late Nihewan site group (about 10,000 years ago) represented by the Hutouliang site. It is the earliest human activity site with exact stratigraphy discovered in East Asia so far. African Ethiopian monism poses a challenge.

The Liangzhu Culture dates from 5300 to 4300 years ago. It is one of the representatives of the late Neolithic Age in China. It was only discovered in 1936. The sites discovered so far are concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta area around Shanghai.

The ancient human site discovered in China, Yuanmou Man, is about 1.7 million years old, and the famous Peking Man is about 4 to 50,000 years old.

The Paleolithic Age refers to the period about 10,000 years ago, and the Neolithic Age refers to the period from about 10,000 to 4,000 years ago.

Nihewan Culture is divided into three periods: early, middle and late according to geological time and archaeological identification. That is, the early Nihewan site group (about 1.5-2 million years ago) represented by the Xiaochangliang site and the Maquangou site, and the middle Nihewan site group (about 10 million years ago) represented by the Houjiayao site. -300,000 years ago), and the late Nihewan site group (about 10,000 years ago) represented by the Hutouliang site. It is the earliest human activity site with exact stratigraphy discovered in East Asia so far. African Ethiopian monism poses a challenge.

The Ningshao Plain in Zhejiang was a base for the development of the Yue people between 20,000 and 100,000 years ago.

15,000 years ago, the natural environment of the Ningshao Plain deteriorated, forcing the Yue people to migrate on a large scale several times.

The following is a brief summary of my country's main cultural relics during the Neolithic period:

About 10,000 years ago, a tribe crossed the Qiantang River and entered the hilly areas of western Zhejiang and southern Jiangsu to live and multiply. Created Majiabang culture.

The Hongshan Culture is a Neolithic culture in Northeast China characterized by the unearthed jade artifacts. It sprouted around 8000~6000 BC, developed around 5000~4500 BC, and flourished around 4000~ Around 2500, the jade artifacts with the characteristics of the Hongshan Culture from 6000 to 3000 BC are generally called the Hongshan Culture.

Jiahu Ruins The stratigraphy of the Jiahu Ruins is relatively simple, mainly the remains of the Peiligang Culture. The absolute age is from BC7000 to BC5800, which is about 9000 years ago. It is the earliest Neolithic cultural relic known so far in the Huaihe River Basin, and provides a connection point between the Neolithic cultural relationship between the middle reaches of the Yellow River and the middle and lower reaches of the Huaihe River. Houses, pottery kilns, tombs, pottery, stone tools, bone tools, etc. were discovered. The unearthed pottery bowls, double-eared pots, and cone-legged tripods have the characteristics of similar pottery from the Peiligang Culture. There are tortoise shells and stone tools with deed symbols, and the deed symbols may be related to the original writing.

The Cishan Culture is an early Neolithic culture in North China. It was named after it was first discovered in Cishan, Wu'an County, Hebei Province. Excavated in 1973. The age is approximately 5400 BC to 5100 BC. This culture is closely related to the Peiligan culture, and some people call the two together the "Peligan Cishan Culture".

The Liangzhu Culture is an important ancient civilization in the Taihu Basin of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in my country. It is a culture of the era when copper and stone were used together. It was named after it was discovered in Liangzhu Town, Yuhang, Zhejiang. It dates back about 5250 to 4150 years ago. It was discovered in 1936. After more than half a century of archaeological investigation and excavation, it was initially determined that the site is distributed in Taihu area. In the three towns of Liangzhu, Anxi and Pingyao in Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, there are more than 50 Liangzhu cultural sites with the Mojiaoshan site as the core. There are villages, cemeteries, altars and other relics. They are rich in connotation and broad in scope. The ruins are densely packed. Since the 1980s, high platform mounds and altar sites such as Fanshan, Yaoshan, and Huiguanshan have been combined.

The Yangshao culture dates from about 5000 BC to 3000 BC.

Yangshao culture has become a backbone of China's Neolithic cultures due to its wide distribution, long duration, rich connotation, and far-reaching influence. It shows the social structure and culture of China's matrilineal clan system from its prosperity to its decline. Achievement.

The Banpo Culture belongs to the Yangshao Culture of the Neolithic Age in the middle reaches of the Yellow River and is located in Banpo Village, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. Dating from about 4800 to 4300 BC, the original residents of Banpo Village were settled and established villages based on clans or tribes. Banpo is a primitive society with no distinction between rich and poor.

Sanxing Village Ruins The Sanxing Village Ruins are located in Sanxing Village, Xigang, Jintan City, Jiangsu Province, dating from about 4500 to 3500 BC. It is of great significance for the in-depth study of Neolithic cultural types and the origin of civilization in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and adds new information to regional research and physical anthropology research on the Neolithic Age in China. It is equivalent to the early use of Songze Culture in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River to the late use of Majiabang Culture. The stone ax unearthed 6,000 years ago is a ritual instrument that represents the owner's power, identity, and status. It is more than 1,000 years earlier than the earliest and most complete jade ax from the Liangzhu Culture.

Anhui Lingjiatan Cultural Site is located in Lingjiatan Village, Tongzha Town, Hanshan County, Anhui Province. The total area of ??the site is about 1.6 million square meters. It has been determined to be about 5300 to 5600 years ago. It is the Chaohu Basin of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The largest and most complete Neolithic settlement site has been discovered so far. Two cultural relics of special significance in the history of science and culture were also unearthed at the site - the jade turtle and the jade tablet. Experts speculate that the jade turtle and jade tablets may be the ancient Luoshu and Bagua. In the upcoming fifth excavation of the Lingjiatan Cultural Site in Anhui, infrared photography technology will be used to search for possible writings dating back 5,000 years.

Shijiahe Culture was a culture of the era when copper and stone were used together, about 4600-4000 years ago. It was named after it was found in Shihe Town, Tianmen City, Hubei Province. There is a large-scale group of ruins here, with more than fifty sites. Copper blocks, jade and sacrificial relics, inscribed symbols and city sites similar to writing have been found from this culture, indicating that it has entered the civilized era. Most of the pottery is black, but there are also many red pottery cups and pottery sculptures, which is a major feature of this culture.

The individual pottery sculptures are very small, including lions, elephants, tigers, chickens, fish, turtles, and human figures. These small statues were unearthed concentratedly in cellars, giving them a sacrificial flavor. In the urns and coffins where children are buried, there are often many jade articles with rich shapes, such as human faces, flying eagles, pig dragons, cicadas, huangs, tubes, etc. The carvings are exquisite and the level of craftsmanship is quite high.

This culture appears in central settlements such as the Shijiahe Site Group, which consists of dozens of sites such as Dengjiawan, Tucheng, and Xiaojia Roof. The economic life at that time was dominated by rice agriculture. Copper nuggets and malachite, the raw material for copper smelting, were discovered at the Dengjiawan site, marking the emergence of the copper smelting industry. The jade craftsmanship has emerged with distinctive features. The jade wares include human-faced statues, animal-faced statues, jade cicadas, jade birds, jue, and swan-shaped wares, all of which are small jade wares. A large number of small pottery sculptures have been unearthed from certain sections of the Dengjiawan site, with as many as thousands of pieces in some pits. There are birds, chickens, pigs, dogs, sheep, tigers, elephants, monkeys, turtles, turtles and figures kneeling with fish in their hands. These pottery sculptures may have been used for primitive witchcraft and sacrificial activities. Dengjiawan seems to be a specialized production area and exported to various places through exchange.

There are great differences between the large and small tombs in the late Shijiahe Culture. A large earthen pit tomb on the roof of the Xiao family is more than 3 meters long and contains more than a hundred burial objects; another adult urn coffin contains 56 small jade objects, ranking first among the jade tombs discovered in this culture. Most of the urn coffins in Zhongxiang Liuhe were buried with jade artifacts and jade materials. These show that people regard jade as wealth. It is generally believed that this culture is already in the stage of collapse of primitive society.

Due to differences in eras, regions or tribes, the forms of Miaodigou Culture and Yangshao Culture have their own unique contents. Since they were first discovered in Miaodigou, they are called Miaodigou type culture. The "carbonization" date is 3910 BC, give or take 125 years.

The Hemudu Culture dates from approximately 4360 BC to 3360 BC. Mainly distributed in Ningshao Plain, Zhejiang Province. Mainly made of carbon-filled black pottery, with a small amount of sand and muddy gray pottery, they are all handmade and fired at a temperature of 800-930°C.

North Yinyangying Culture is a Neolithic culture in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. It is named after the Yinyang Camp ruins in the north of Nanjing City. Distributed in Ningzhen area of ??Jiangsu Province and southeastern Anhui Province. It is estimated to be between 4000 BC and 3000 BC.

The culture of Beiyinyangying is roughly at the end of the matrilineal clan society, but it has already given birth to the germination of a patriarchal clan society.

The Majiabang-Songze culture dates from about 4000 BC to 2685 BC. Mainly distributed in Shanghai, southern Jiangsu and northern Zhejiang. Mainly red pottery, with a small amount of gray pottery, black pottery, black leather pottery, and some sand, mud, and charcoal pottery. The firing temperature is 760-1000℃. Most of the pottery is handmade, with a small amount of wheel repair.

The Dawenkou Culture dates from approximately 4040 BC to 2240 BC. Distributed in Shandong, northern Jiangsu, eastern Henan, and northeastern Anhui. There are muddy and sand-added pottery. In the early period, red pottery was dominant. In the later period, the proportion of gray and black pottery increased, and white pottery and eggshell pottery appeared. Mainly handmade, later developed into wheel-made pottery, with a firing temperature of 900-1000°C. The types of utensils include tripod, kettle, bean, bean, zun, single-eared cup, goblet-shaped cup, high-collared jar, kettle with back, etc. Many pottery has a smooth surface and is decorated with scratches, string patterns, basket patterns, circles, triangle prints, holes, etc. Painted pottery is rare but full of characteristics. The colors are red, black and white, and the patterns include circles, geometry, flowers and leaves, etc.

The Daxi Culture dates from about 3825 BC to 2405 BC and is mainly distributed in the Three Gorges area and along the Yangtze River in western Hubei. There is a lot of clay pottery, a small amount of fine mud pottery and sand-added pottery, and a small amount of charcoal pottery; mainly red pottery, with a small amount of gray pottery and black pottery. Mainly handmade, with a small amount of wheel repair, and the firing temperature is 600-800℃.

Chengtoushan Ancient Cultural Relics Pottery fragments and cultural accumulations from Daxi Culture, Qujialing Culture and Longshan Culture can be seen everywhere in Chengtoushan Ancient City. Chengtou Mountain City was first built 6,000 years ago during the Daxi Culture Period, and was built twice during the Qujialing Culture Period about 5,000 years ago. The discovery of pottery cups, pottery goblets and pottery warm pots shows that drinking in Chengtoushan and its surrounding areas was quite common and sophisticated 5,000 years ago, and the development of wine culture has reached a considerable level.

Panlongcheng Site Panlongcheng Site is located in Yedian Village, Panlongcheng Economic Development Zone, Huangpi, Wuhan City. It is the first urban site of the early Shang Dynasty (3,500 years ago) discovered in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River in my country. It is also It is one of the best-preserved city sites of the same period discovered in my country so far.

The Liangzhu Culture was about 3300 BC to 2000 BC. The Wuyue people who officially entered the historical era should be a confirmation that the Liangzhu people and the Wuyue people had some relationship. Later, the Maqiao Culture may There is no evidence that he was his successor; the ancestors of the Liangzhu Culture were divided into two. One arrived in northern Guangdong and integrated into the Shiqia culture. The other fought with the tribes in the Central Plains, was absorbed, assimilated and integrated, and appeared in the Longshan culture. The Liangzhu Culture, which is distributed in the Taihu Lake Basin, was formed after the development of the Songze Culture. It is named after the Liangzhu ruins near Hangzhou. The Liangzhu Culture has rice farming, bamboo and wood making, silkworm raising, silk weaving, hemp weaving, etc. important development. What is particularly eye-catching is the discovery of a large number of jade articles, mainly Cong, Bi, and Yue. Exquisite jade articles from the Liangzhu Culture have been unearthed in Fanshan and Yaoshan in Yuhang, Zhejiang, and Sidun in Wujin, Jiangsu. This not only illustrates that jade-making The craftsmanship is exquisite, and its shape and decoration reflect the profound changes in the social superstructure.

The Majiayao Culture dates from approximately 3190 BC to 1715 BC. It was developed under the influence of Yangshao culture. Mainly distributed in the northeastern parts of Gansu and Qinghai, centered on the middle and lower reaches of Tao River, Daxia River and Huangshui River.

The Shixia culture is a representative late Neolithic culture in the Lingnan area. It is named after the Shixia site in Qujiang, Guangdong. Its age was approximately between 3000 BC and 2000 BC.

The age of the Qujialing culture was approximately 2550 BC - 2195 BC. Mainly distributed in the Jianghan area in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. In the early period, black pottery was mainly used, while in the later period, gray pottery was mainly used, with a small amount of red pottery. The pottery is mainly handmade, with a small amount of wheel repair, and the firing temperature is about 900°C.

The Longshan Culture dates from approximately 2310 BC to 1810 BC. It inherited Yangshao cultural factors and developed. In the early days, they were mainly distributed in Guanzhong, southern Shanxi, and western Henan. In the later period, it was mainly distributed in Henan and southern Hebei.

Maqiao Ancient Cultural Site Maqiao Ancient Cultural Site contains three layers of cultural relics from different eras: the upper layer contains the printed pottery cultural relics of the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period; the middle layer unearthed a large number of Shang Dynasty stones, bones, and pottery from the Taihu area. The typical remains of the early printed pottery culture are named Maqiao Culture; the Neolithic architectural remains and tombs found in the lower layer are the remains of the Liangzhu Culture 4,000 years ago. There is also a shell sand belt under the cultural relics, indicating that the site of the relics was an ancient coast.

The discovery of the ruins is of great significance for studying the location of the ancient coast and the age of land formation in the Shanghai area.

The Qijia Culture dates from approximately 1890 BC to 1620 BC. It developed after Majiayao culture. Mainly distributed in Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and other places.

Summary: Most of my country’s ancient myths and legends come from the Neolithic Age. Due to the long age, lack of literary and historical materials, and ideological ignorance, our ancestors have been covered with a mysterious veil. Since the 20th century, with the development of archeology, we have had the opportunity to get in close contact with them. This is undoubtedly of great significance to our correct understanding of human history and culture! The dating project of Xia, Shang and Zhou has come to an end for the time being. , and the study of Neolithic culture, that is, prehistoric civilization, is another huge task before us! It awaits further efforts by the vast number of archaeological, literary, historical and other scholars in our country.