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Where does equal welfare in Northern Europe come from?
When American capitalism defeated Soviet-led socialism in the post-cold war period and swept the world, Northern Europe insisted on "reversing right and wrong" and took the road of welfare state. When the political apathy of voters in developed countries has become the norm, the turnout rate of representative politics in northern Europe for more than a hundred years is as high as 80%; When global competition falls into tax reduction competition, privatization and small government shouted by British and American governments become "the only truth". Nordic people are willing to pay half the income tax and half work in the public sector. Iceland, Finland and Sweden have surpassed the United States in economic growth in the past five years. Participate in the negotiation * * * to understand the new value paradigm. The high welfare in northern Europe can guarantee people to live the life they want. Walking in the streets of northern Europe, I really feel that these abstract values are not just slogans, but also strength. Nordic countries have demonstrated the possibility of "coexistence of local values of small countries and globalization" from the aspects of honesty, equality, human rights, aesthetics and environmental protection. Value has become the cornerstone of competitiveness. The Nordic model began with the philosophy of equality, and gradually developed a value system of participation, consultation and knowledge, becoming a unique social welfare country in the world. Denmark's "Gent Levin" (also known as "Gent's Law") can best describe the egalitarianism of Nordic countries. Yeda is the author of Danish best-selling novel 1933 The Footprints of a Fugitive. Sennamus, a fictional place name. People who live in grandpa's university always try their best to belittle others. These methods can be summarized into ten theorems, all of which convey the philosophical thoughts of "Don't think you are better than others" and "No one is worse than others". * * * Through egalitarianism, regardless of history, it is difficult to trace the origin of egalitarianism in Northern Europe. Unlike France and Britain, only after industrialization can there be democracy, and the bourgeoisie and the working class are divided into two. /kloc-When the Enlightenment was introduced in the 0/8th century, all northern Europe was an agricultural society. LKluver, CEO of the Science and Technology Advisory Committee of the Danish Parliament, said that tenant farmers were liberated at the beginning of democratization in Northern Europe. Ge Wei Long, an important religious scholar and thinker at that time, believed that formal democracy was not enough. If voters do not receive enough democratic education, it is impossible to form real democracy. In order to let farmers learn enough democratic knowledge, Ge Weilong, the father of adult education, established community colleges to let farmers learn democratic knowledge through discussion. "(Ge Wei Long) said that enlightenment depends on the mouth, not on God." Rooted in egalitarianism, Nordic democracy has formed a tradition of participation, consultation and knowledge. In the education system of northern Europe, there is a special examination method called "group examination". The method is that students can freely form groups of more than two people, write reports together, take exams together, pass exams together, and fail together. If students find that some people always don't do their homework, hitchhike and fail to fulfill their obligations, they can break up at any time and drive the lazy people out. With more people, teachers will have higher requirements for the group's passing standards or reports. "Our education is to cultivate people, take responsibility, seek cooperation, face conflicts and find compromises," Koff explained. Tolerance, self-discipline and mutual trust are also based on equality, and Nordic society has a deep understanding of tolerance. TA-Huggenberger, vice chairman of the Danish Trade Union Confederation (LO), said that everyone has different backgrounds and different visions. "We must provide services equally." But Schugenberg emphasized that the premise of equality is self-discipline and not cheating. In this way, everyone can interact in a trusted network. She said: "This is a society with a high degree of freedom but a higher degree of self-discipline." Self-discipline is also a civic responsibility. Equal participation, consultation, knowledge, tolerance, self-discipline and mutual trust have created a unified direction in Northern Europe. These * * * linked values are intertwined and the context is clear, so the Nordic people can clearly say, "This is our value, not nationalism." The royal family is also ordinary people. Danish and Swedish royal families exchanged visits, and both royal families chose to visit the city hall as a banquet venue. In Copenhagen, the royal families of the two countries arrived at the city hall in a royal carriage under the escort of the Royal Guard. But here, there is no grand occasion like the Queen of England's patrol when the masses lined the streets and waved the national flag. The royal carriage passed by, although there were police, but there was no fence to contain it. When we stood in front of the roadside shop, we could see Queen Margaret sitting in the carriage and waving to her. When Queen Margaret visited Malm? in southern Sweden, the carriage disappeared. Only the old militia in ancient uniforms and three or two security guards stood in front of the city hall square. Everyone looked at the dignitaries who went in and out during the royal ceremony of the two countries with joy. We only saw a Mercedes-Benz, and the rest of the guests who came to the royal banquet in big dresses and medals mostly got out of very ordinary or even dirty cars, and some people took taxis. Even more exaggerated, a big tour bus came in and put down a group of gentlemen and ladies. The Tribune (JO), which is responsible for supervising the administration of civil and military officials according to law and has the right to sue, is a unique and respected system in Northern Europe. Bergen, a Tribune reporter who will retire this year, is one of the key figures to end the long-term ruling of the Social Democratic Party. He said, "The tribune has been in power for 200 years. In the 18th century, Sweden made a new constitution. At that time, the royal family had a judge directly responsible for this matter. However, this forum is not independent enough. Based on the balance of power, the parliament believes that it should have its own truly independent forum. " Bergen also gave an example. He said, "The tsunami in South Asia four and a half years ago. Sweden lost 54.3 people in South Asia, and people felt that the government was too slow to respond and missed the prime time of disaster relief. Therefore, Congress set up a committee to investigate the responsibility. However, when the report first came out, people found that the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Chief Secretary of the Prime Minister were confused. This caused a lot of controversy in the media, and some people complained, so I started to investigate. " "So I decided to' criticize the Chief Chief of Staff of the Prime Minister' and failed to provide sufficient documents for the Congress and the Tribune according to law. Criticism led to the resignation of the chief of staff. In addition, this happened 50 days before the election, which also caused a very' interesting' result. " Anti-corruption has been a basic human right in northern Europe for half a year, but it is a high standard of transparent politics created by the system and the quality of citizens, and it is anti-corruption all year round. According to Transparency International's global corruption impression index survey, six Nordic countries, including Iceland, have ranked in the top ten in the world in the past five years, with scores close to 10 except Norway. The most important system to lay a clean foundation in Northern Europe is the "transparent law". Take Sweden as an example. The Swedish Constitution consists of several laws and regulations, one of which is the Freedom of the Press Act 1766. Chapter II of the Freedom of the Press Law stipulates that in order to encourage the exchange of opinions and the public's right to know, Swedes are free to read official documents. In addition to documents that are forbidden to read in laws such as national defense, dual-rate central bank and diplomacy, the public can read other government documents, official mails of civil servants, minutes of meetings, telephone recordings, etc. In Sweden, even ministers are not attached to the meeting, and only officials above the second level are equipped with cars. Parliamentarians don't have cars, but there are public bicycles for them to rent, so that Swedish political dinners are often attended by bicycles even in winter. Because of transparency, people are willing to pay high taxes in exchange for a sense of security.