Located in Shanghai.
Chongming County currently consists of three islands: Chongming, Changxing, and Hengsha. The total land area of ??the three islands is 1,411 square kilometers.
Chongming Island is located at the midpoint of China’s coastline along the western Pacific Ocean. It is located at the estuary of the Yangtze River, China’s largest river. It is the largest alluvial island in the world’s mouth and is the largest island in China after Taiwan Island and Hainan Island. The third largest island is known as the "Gateway of the Yangtze River and Yingzhou of the East China Sea". The island is surrounded by rivers on three sides, facing the sea on one side, the rolling Yangtze River to the west, the vast East China Sea to the east, Pudong New Area, Baoshan District and Taicang City, Jiangsu Province across the water to the south, and Haimen City and Qidong City, Jiangsu Province to the north. The island covers an area of ??1,267 square kilometers, 80 kilometers long from east to west, and 13 to 18 kilometers wide from north to south. The terrain of the island is flat with no hills and mountains. The northwest and central part are slightly higher and the southwest and east are slightly lower. The land elevation above 90 degrees (taking Wusong elevation 0 meters as a reference) is between 3.21 meters and 4.20 meters. The island is geographically located at 121°09′30″ to 121°54′00″ east longitude and 31°27′00″ to 31°51′15″ north latitude. It is located in the northern subtropical zone with a mild and humid climate, with an average annual temperature of 15.2°C and 15.2°C of sunshine. It has abundant rainfall and four distinct seasons. The island has clean water and soil, fresh air, and excellent ecological environment. The average life span of residents is 76.7 years.
Changxing Island is located in the southern waterway of the Yangtze River outside Wusongkou, adjacent to Hengsha Island in the east and Chongming Island in the north. The island is strip-shaped, 26.8 kilometers long from east to west and 2 to 4 kilometers wide from north to south. It covers an area of ??88 square kilometers, including 8.5 square kilometers of tidal flats and 26.2 square kilometers of arable land (excluding Qianwei Farm). There is nearly 20 kilometers of deep-water coastline along the south coast. The general water depth is -12 meters to -16 meters, and the deepest point is -22 meters. It can dock 300,000-ton ships.
Hengsha Island is the easternmost island at the estuary of the Yangtze River, facing the river on three sides and the sea on one side. It is backed by Changxing, echoes Chongming Island to the north, and faces Pudong across the river to the south. The island is conch-shaped, about 12 kilometers long from north to south and about 8 kilometers wide from east to west. The average altitude is 2.8 meters. The total area is 56 square kilometers, including 26.8 square kilometers of arable land. At present, there are still 200,000 acres of tidal flat resources above 0 meters and 670,000 acres above -5 meters. There are more than 30 kilometers of surrounding coastline, of which there are about 2 kilometers of deep water coastline at the southern end, with a water depth of about -12 meters.
Organization History
Chongming Island has a history of more than 1,300 years. In 618 AD (the first year of Wude in the Tang Dynasty), the two islands of East and West Sands began to emerge on the sea outside the Yangtze River Estuary. After that, many sandbanks swelled and collapsed from east to west, south and north. By the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, they were finally connected to form a large Chongming Island. At the beginning of 696 AD (the first year of Long Live Tongtian in the Tang Dynasty), people began to live on the island. In 705 AD (the first year of Shenlong in the Tang Dynasty), a town was established in Xisha and named Chongming ("Chong" means high, "Ming" means the vast sea and sky, and "Chongming" means the clear and wide land above the water). In 1222 AD (the fifteenth year of Jiading in the Southern Song Dynasty), the Tianci Salt Farm was established and placed under the jurisdiction of Tongzhou. In 1277 AD (the fourteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty), it was promoted to Chongming Prefecture and attached to Yangzhou Road. In 1396 AD (the second year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty), the prefecture was transformed into a county. It was first attached to Yangzhou Road, then to Suzhou Prefecture, and also to Taicang Prefecture. During the Republic of China, it was successively affiliated to Nantong and Songjiang, Jiangsu. After liberation, it belonged to Nantong Prefecture, Jiangsu Province. Since December 1, 1958, it has been under the jurisdiction of Shanghai City. It is currently the only county among the nineteen districts and counties in Shanghai.
Changxing Island became land during the Xianfeng period, and Hengsha Island has a history of about 120 years since it was reclaimed and relocated in 1886. Since May 18, 2005, after the Shanghai Municipal People's Government submitted to the State Council for approval, the administrative divisions of Changxing and Hengsha townships, which were originally located in Baoshan District, Shanghai, have been incorporated into Chongming County.
Historical Current Situation
The people of Chongming have a glorious revolutionary tradition. During the anti-Japanese struggle in the Ming Dynasty, Chongming's "sand soldiers" were famous for their bravery. In the autumn of 1921, farmers rioted in Xisha, Chongming. Mao Zedong wrote an article introducing this feat in the "Guide" weekly, the central organ of the Communist Party of China at that time. In September 1926, Lu Tieqiang and Yu Fucai, special commissioners of the Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, returned to Chongqing and established the country's earlier rural grassroots party organization.
During the long years of revolutionary struggle, many Chongming sons and daughters sacrificed their precious lives for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people.
Chongming County currently has 13 towns and 3 townships under its jurisdiction. Chengqiao Town, where the county government is located, is the political, economic and cultural center of the county. After the merger of the three islands, the total population increased, but the natural growth rate remained negative. At the end of 2005, the county's registered population was 701,000, an increase of 69,000 over the previous year. The migrant population was 83,000. The birth rate was 5.9‰, the death rate was 8.8‰, and the natural growth rate was -2.9‰. The majority of the ethnic groups are Han, and there are also Mongolian, Hui, Manchu, Zhuang, Bai, Yi, Korean, Uyghur, Buyi, Hani, Tujia, Tibetan and other ethnic minorities.
Prospect Goals
The overall goals established in the plan are: to adhere to the Scientific Outlook on Development as the guide, in accordance with the requirements of building a socialist harmonious society, and around the overall goal of building a modern ecological island area, Vigorously implement the strategy of revitalizing the county through science and education, accelerate the coordinated development of the three islands, and strive to make the three islands of Chongming one of the best areas for harmonious coexistence between man and nature and coordinated economic and social development to meet the long-term needs of Shanghai's modern international metropolis construction.
Prospect and target positioning of Chongming Three Islands: Chongming is an important strategic space for Shanghai’s sustainable development. Adhere to the linkage of the functions, industries, population and infrastructure of the three islands, build a comprehensive ecological island, a marine equipment island, and an ecological leisure island respectively. Rely on scientific and technological innovation, promote circular economy, develop ecological industries, and strive to build Chongming into a harmonious and beautiful environment with intensive utilization of resources. , a modern ecological island area with coordinated economic and social development.
The functional positioning of the three islands in Chongming mainly reflects the following six aspects: Forest Garden Island, Ecological Habitat Island, Leisure Resort Island, Green Food Island, Marine Equipment Island, and Science and Technology Research and Innovation Island.
Economic Development
Economic Total
In 2005, the county's economy maintained sustained and steady growth. The added value completed throughout the year was 9.57 billion yuan, an increase of 12.2% over the previous year, achieving double-digit growth for three consecutive years. Among them, the primary industry completed an added value of 1.61 billion yuan, an increase of 1.9 over the previous year, accounting for 16.8 of the county's added value, a decrease of 2.2 percentage points from the previous year; the secondary industry completed an added value of 4.39 billion yuan, an increase of 17.0 over the previous year. , accounting for 45.9 of the county's added value, an increase of 2.1 percentage points over the previous year; the tertiary industry completed an added value of 3.57 billion yuan, an increase of 11.7 over the previous year, accounting for 37.3 of the county's added value, compared with the previous year flat.
Since the beginning of this year, the central government has implemented prudent fiscal and monetary policies, tax sources have steadily increased, and fiscal revenue has been guaranteed. The fiscal revenue for the whole year was 2.64 billion yuan, an increase of 31.1% over the previous year. Among them: county-level fiscal revenue was 1.82 billion yuan, an increase of 53.2% over the previous year. The construction of the new city development model is progressing smoothly, and infrastructure investment has reached a record high. The fixed asset investment completed throughout the year was 2.77 billion yuan, an increase of 35.1% over the previous year. Among them, capital construction investment was 1.14 billion yuan, an increase of 7.56% over the previous year; renovation investment was 190 million yuan, an increase of 9.3% over the previous year; real estate investment was 780 million yuan, an increase of 9.8% over the previous year; rural collective investment was 660 million yuan, an increase over the previous year. 27.2.
Agriculture
In 2005, focusing on the goal of building an ecological island, the county focused on promoting agriculture through science and technology, further optimized the agricultural industrial structure, stabilized grain production, and vigorously developed green and non-toxic agricultural products. Environmentally friendly organic agriculture will further promote the standardization and industrialization of leading agricultural products, and continuously improve the productivity of land and the economic benefits of agriculture. The planting area of ??high-quality rice varieties such as "Hanyou Xiangqing", "Jiahua No. 1" and "Jinfeng" accounts for 95% of the county's total rice area. There has been new development in forestry production, with 2,400 hectares of new ecological forests and 84 hectares of new economic forests in the county. In the animal husbandry industry, we have seriously focused on the prevention and control of major animal diseases, achieved mass prevention and control, and actively promoted the characteristic breeding industry. The number of major agricultural and sideline products such as pigs, poultry, and eggs on the market has increased compared with the previous year. Fishery production will further optimize aquaculture varieties and actively develop characteristic breeding industries.
In 2005, the county's total agricultural output value was 4.38 billion yuan, an increase of 2.1% over the previous year, of which the planting industry was 2.17 billion yuan, an increase of 6.4%; the forestry industry was 0.9 billion yuan, a decrease of 1.12%; and the animal husbandry was 550 million yuan, an increase of 6.4%. 1.1; fishery was 1.48 billion yuan, a decrease of 1.6; agricultural services was 90 million yuan, a decrease of 12.1. The annual grain planting area was 50,678 hectares, and the total grain output reached 303,031 tons.
Industry
Industrial enterprises have overcome adverse effects such as inconvenient transportation and shortage of raw materials and energy, and have further intensified industry structural adjustment. The share of key products and advantageous industries in the county's industry The industrial production and sales are well connected, and the total production volume has reached the highest level in history. The total industrial output value for the whole year was 11.68 billion yuan, an increase of 15.7% over the previous year. The industrial sales output value was 11.49 billion yuan, an increase of 14.8% over the previous year. The economic benefits of industrial enterprises continue to improve. In 2005, the county's industrial added value was 3.06 billion yuan, an increase of 18.3% over the previous year; the total profit for the year was 540 million yuan, an increase of 4.4% over the previous year.
Industrial enterprises above designated size have obvious advantages. The total industrial output value for the whole year was 9.89 billion yuan, accounting for 84.7% of the county's total industrial output value. The growth rate of key industries is obvious, and the output value of pharmaceutical and marine equipment manufacturing industries has increased by more than 50%. The "one industry is particularly strong" industry has new growth. The daily stainless steel and commercial equipment manufacturing industry completed an annual output value of 1.21 billion yuan, an increase of 1.7% over the previous year.
Construction Industry
The construction industry maintains rapid development. The total output value of the construction industry was 8.31 billion yuan, an increase of 32.9% over the previous year; the added value of the construction industry was 1.33 billion yuan, an increase of 20.2% over the previous year. The construction area of ??houses included in the county's fixed asset investment plan was 773,000 square meters, an increase of 8.6% from the previous year; the completed area was 426,000 square meters, a decrease of 4.3% from the previous year.
Financial Industry
The financial market system is gradually improving, the level of financial services continues to improve, and the total amount of bank deposits and loans continues to increase. At the end of 2005, the deposit balance of financial institutions was 22.1 billion yuan, an increase of 3.45 billion yuan from the beginning of the year; the loan balance was 12.2 billion yuan, an increase of 210 million yuan from the beginning of the year, of which housing loans were 3.57 billion yuan, a decrease of 150 million yuan from the beginning of the year.
Domestic and domestic trade
The layout of commercial outlets has been intensified, and the market sales scale has been expanded. In 2005, the total retail sales of consumer goods reached 2.01 billion yuan, an increase of 10.8% over the previous year. Among them, the retail sales of eating goods was 580 million yuan, an increase of 1.14%; the retail sales of clothing goods was 240 million yuan, an increase of 9.8%; the retail sales of household goods was 900 million yuan, an increase of 1.06%; the retail sales of burning goods was 70 million yuan, an increase of 11.6%; The city's trade turnover was 220 million yuan, an increase of 10.6% over the previous year.
Foreign trade companies have actively adjusted their product mix, vigorously cultivated new growth points, and their export capabilities have been significantly enhanced. In 2005, the foreign trade export allocation amount was 2.57 billion yuan, an increase of 20.8% over the previous year. Among them, the amount allocated for the export of industrial products was 2.54 billion yuan, an increase of 21.4%; the amount allocated for the export of agricultural and sideline products was 30 million yuan, a decrease of 11.4%.
Investment Attraction
Investment invitation measures are powerful and effective, and the development of the two major park forms has entered a substantial stage. In 2005, the county introduced 1,514 enterprises of various types, 108 less than the previous year; the total registered capital was 4.13 billion yuan, and the cumulative tax revenue was 1.9 billion yuan, an increase of 43.9 over the previous year. Among them, Chongming Industrial Park and Fusheng Development Zone introduced 473 registered enterprises, with a registered capital of 1.27 billion yuan, and completed taxes of 910 million yuan; various township economic zones introduced 1,041 enterprises, with a registered capital of 2.86 billion yuan, and completed taxes of 990 million yuan.
In 2005, 24 foreign-funded enterprises were newly approved, 23 less than the previous year; the total project investment was US$69.92 million, and the contracted foreign investment was US$27.41 million, an increase of 360.3 and 155.9 respectively over the previous year.
Posts, telecommunications and transportation industry
The construction of communication infrastructure has been accelerated, and the level of urban and rural informatization services has been significantly improved.
In 2005, the county's postal and telecommunications business revenue was 230 million yuan. The total telephone exchange capacity at the end of the year was 253,000. At the end of the year, there were 227,000 telephone users, a net increase of 20,000 over the previous year. There are 87 telephones per 100 residential households. The postal business has developed steadily. In 2005, 6.7 million inbound and outbound letters were received, 108,000 inbound and outbound express mails were delivered, and 14.44 million copies of various newspapers, periodicals and magazines were issued.
The promotion and application of information construction have achieved obvious results. In accordance with the work requirements of "pragmatism, serving the people, and efficiency", various tasks of information disclosure were completed in a timely manner, and the second revision of the Chongming government website was organized and implemented. All committees and offices actively promoted the use of genuine software and utilized existing network resources. , promote county-level online administrative approval work, and improve the functions of government portals and official websites. Throughout the year, we collected social security card information for 7,801 people and issued 7,246 social security cards.
Transportation facilities are constantly improving, and passenger transport capacity is gradually increasing. In 2005, a total investment of 31 million yuan was made to build 3 high-speed ferries and 1 car ferry, with 830 new passenger seats and 28 new parking spaces, making the travel between Shanghai and Chongqing faster and more convenient. During the year, two new water routes were opened in Changxing and Hengsha, bringing the number of water transport routes to 18. There were 11.42 million waterborne passengers and 1.24 million ferry vehicles throughout the year. At the end of 2005, the country had 30 bus lines with a length of 910.7 kilometers, transporting 21.99 million passengers throughout the year.
Tourism
According to the functional positioning of Chongming Ecological Island, we will actively develop new tourist attractions and vigorously develop ecological leisure tourism. In 2005, the Chongming Xisha Wetland Ecological Restoration Experimental Base and the World Estuary Sandbar Exhibition Hall were built, and new tourist attractions such as Mingzhu Lake were opened. Taking advantage of the opportunity of festivals and events, we built a Chongming tourism brand and successfully held the “Island Driving Tour”, “Forest Carnival”, “Pearl Lake Cup Fishing Competition”, “Avant-garde Golden Autumn Ecological Culture Festival”, “Fishermen’s Happy Festival”, and “Farmhouse Style” Photography Exhibition" and other theme activities attract tourists from both inside and outside the island to come for sightseeing. In 2005, it received 792,000 tourists, an increase of 2.6% over the previous year; and completed operating income of 190 million yuan, an increase of 27.3% over the previous year.