Basic introduction Chinese name: Fontainebleau Palace mbth: Ch? Teau de Fontainebleau Location: Fontainebleau Town, Paris, France Climate type: temperate maritime climate area: 0.84 square kilometers Opening hours: 9:30- 17:00 Scenic spot level: UNESCO World Cultural Heritage ticket price: 12 Euro Country: French city: suggested tour length of Paris: Introduction of scenic spots, key information, how to get there, beautiful scenery, historical development, architectural introduction, buildings, Francois I promenade, China Pavilion and oval courtyard Fontainebleau Palace are located in the forest of 170 square kilometers, with beautiful scenery and pleasant climate. 198 1 year, UNESCO listed Fontainebleau Palace and its gardens as cultural heritage and world heritage list. Fontainebleau means "beautiful spring", and the local springs are clear. /kloc-In the 20th century, Louis VII built a castle by the spring for hunting and resting, which became the Fontainebleau Palace. Fontainebleau Palace complex consists of castles, palaces, courtyards and gardens, including three Renaissance halls, the emperor's bedroom and the Napoleon Museum. From the perspective of architectural art, Fontainebleau Palace can be said to be one of the representative works of French classical architecture, and the architectural styles of various periods have left traces here. Fontainebleau Palace is a magnificent palace in France. It was built in 1 137 and is located in the southeast of Paris. It is mainly used for emperor's residence, picnic and temporary hunting. French emperors such as Francois I, Henry II, Henry IV, Louis XIV, Louis XV, Louis XVI and Napoleon all lived here. This is also the place where the French royal family accepted the new trend of thought from 1528, and then realized the Renaissance. Before the completion of Versailles Palace, he followed the emperors of past dynasties and experienced ups and downs for more than 600 years. Since King Louis VII of France built a castle here, the scale of Fontainebleau Palace has gradually expanded, gradually forming a unique style of Fontainebleau Palace, showing the trend of culture, art and fashion at that time, making it a model of French Renaissance architecture and garden creation. Although Fontainebleau Palace is not as magnificent as Versailles Palace and Louvre Palace, it is elegant and generous, giving people a quiet and warm feeling. From the perspective of architectural art, the architectural styles of various periods since the Renaissance have left traces here. Fontainebleau Palace can be said to be one of the masterpieces of French classical architecture. 1 137, French king Louis VII ordered the construction of a castle here, which was later rebuilt, expanded, decorated and repaired by acting kings, making Fontainebleau Palace a magnificent palace. /kloc-around 0/530, Francois I wanted to build a "new Rome", so he decided to expand the garden into a magnificent palace, with two Italian masters Rosso and PriMa Diqi O presiding over the interior decoration, and French painters Courchamp, Caron and sculptor Gu Rong participating in the design. This new-look palace is surrounded by a huge open courtyard. Rich in Italian architectural charm, Renaissance style and French traditional art are harmoniously integrated. This style is called "Fontainebleau School". People who ordered the construction of Fontainebleau Palace: French emperors such as Henry II, Henry IV, Louis XIV, Louis XV, Louis XVI and Louis VI Napoleon all lived here. Some kings have lived here for a long time, and some just use it as a hunting palace. Royal weddings and funerals are often held here. Queen Christina, Russian Tsar Peter I and Danish King Christian VII all stayed here. 1685, Louis XIV revoked the Nantes decree here, which caused fierce resistance from Huguenots. Since the French royal family lived in Versailles after17th century, Fontainebleau Palace had declined before the French Revolution. During the Great Revolution, all the furniture and furnishings in the palace were sold to raise money. After Napoleon proclaimed himself emperor, he chose Fontainebleau Palace as his imperial memorial and restored it. From 18 12 to 18 14, Pope pope pius vii was imprisoned here by Napoleon. 18 14, Napoleon was forced to sign his resignation here and delivered a famous farewell speech to his guards. From 1945 to 1965, the military headquarters of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization is located here, and the sign of "NATO" has been kept outside the Fontainebleau Palace. Fontainebleau Palace is still closely related to many French political events in history. 2065438+In July 2008, Fontainebleau Palace signed a cooperation agreement with the "Museum Project" and joined it. Historical events: The castle was built in Louis VII in 1 137. 1259 Louis IX expanded the castle. 1530, Francois I completed, and Francois I corridor was completed. /kloc-Henry iv expanded on a large scale in the late 6th century. During the Napoleonic period, buildings damaged in the French Revolution were rebuilt and palaces were rearranged. The National Museum was established in 192 1. Architectural Introduction The Fontainebleau Palace complex consists of the main tower of an ancient castle, palaces built by successive rulers, four unequal courtyards and three distinctive gardens. Because Fontainebleau Palace is too vast, in order to facilitate tourists to visit, Fontainebleau Palace Museum has set up two tourist routes for tourists to choose from. Fontainebleau Palace was expanded on a large scale during the period of Francois I, built by a large number of Italian artists and designers, and later transformed into the architectural style of Renaissance. Fontainebleau Palace is famous for its blend of Renaissance and French traditional architectural styles and verdant forests. The main buildings here are fountains, corridors, caves and dance halls, among which Tibrechi is located in the center of the garden. Starting from Francois I in 1528, emperors such as Henry IV, Louis XVI and Napoleon continued to rebuild and expand according to their own needs and hobbies, making them increasingly luxurious and rich. 1808 During the Napoleonic Revolution, the magnificent Royal Hall was rebuilt. The whole wall and ceiling of the hall are decorated with gold leaves in yellow, red and green tones, the floor is covered with painted carpets, and the chandeliers are dazzling. Its decoration can be described as a collection of hundreds of years. Its lively artistic style has had a great influence on architecture in Europe. Since then, although the surrounding palaces and gardens have been transformed into British styles, their beauty and charm remain. Fontainebleau Palace can also be called18th century interior decoration museum. The "ballroom" built in 1548 is the largest and most beautiful ballroom in the palace. It is 30 meters long and 10 meters wide. It is decorated with 50 oil paintings and 8 groups of murals, which are extremely gorgeous. Among them, Di Anna Promenade has 25 murals depicting French history (9 existing murals). In addition, there is a conference hall full of blue and rose paintings and a plate gallery inlaid with 128 exquisite porcelain paintings. Francois I once collected a large number of jewels, sculptures and famous paintings here. Among them, Leonardo da Vinci's masterpieces such as Mona Lisa and Our Lady in the Rock have become France's national treasures. Fontainebleau Garden In terms of architectural art, Fontainebleau can be said to be one of the representative works of French classical architecture. The architectural styles of various periods have left traces here, among which Francois I and Henry IV have made the greatest achievements. When Francois I was in Italy, he was fascinated by Renaissance art and invited a group of artists and craftsmen. Besides French architects, Italian artists also participated in the construction. The interior decoration of Italian artists is even more amazing. Among them, artists headed by the famous Italian painter Francisco primakov formed the famous Fontainebleau School, which is actually the crystallization of the blending of French and Italian arts. /kloc-at the beginning of the 0/7th century, the second phase of Fontainebleau School was formed in Bourbon Dynasty. Francois I Gallery of Fontainebleau Palace Complex The famous Francois I Gallery was built in 1544, with a length of 64m, a width of 6m and a height of 6m. A circle of 2-meter-high golden woodcarving is attached to the lower part as a protective wall, and the lifelike marble-like figure relief is adopted on the upper part, which sets off the exquisite fresco in Renaissance style and makes the fresco more prominent and stereoscopic. The whole corridor looks splendid and elegant. The interior is beautifully decorated, and the ceiling and wallboard are walnut. The wall on the wallboard is divided into several pieces by doors and pilasters, and there is a big picture in the middle of each piece. Surrounded by baby and garland reliefs, some of them are painted with color or gold besides white. The ceiling is divided into several parts by beams, which are decorated with exquisite patterns. The decorative art of combining fine wood wall protection, plaster relief and mural painting has formed the unique style of Fontainebleau. China Pavilion of Francois I Gallery in Fontainebleau Palace There is a China Pavilion in Fontainebleau Palace, which was built by Queen Eugénie of Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte. There are three main sources for the museum's display: tributes from Siam, treasures from China and items purchased by the royal family in Europe. Oval Courtyard Oval Courtyard is the most solemn part of Fontainebleau Palace Group. At the beginning, when Francois I, who loved nature, decided to rebuild Fontainebleau, in his eyes, this medieval palace built by Louis VII was just a ruin, dull and withered, destroying the surrounding scenery. Therefore, he kept the ancient and majestic bell tower alone, only slightly decorated in appearance, and all other buildings in the bell tower courtyard were replaced by Renaissance buildings designed by Gilles-Lebreton. The building from the entrance of the main tower to the promenade originated from the first construction period of 1528. South Church Saito Sato was later built in the middle of16th century. Ballroom The ballroom was built in the period of Francois I, originally designed as an Italian colonnade, which was open to the outside world as a passage between the church and the king's room. In the original design, the ballroom was dome-shaped to make the colonnade between the windows more reasonable. Until Francois I died, the ballroom was not finished. Felipe Delhorme took over the previous design and modified it: he finally finished the paneled ceiling and fireplace designed by Celio, and the fireplace was decorated with two bronze statues of Sartre, which was copied by Delho based on the statue that Primatis brought from Rome. Primatis himself is responsible for painting and murals. These unfinished works were created by abate and his assistants between 1552- 1556. The heyday of the ballroom was in the16-17th century. Palace banquets and dances are often held here, and the king's seat is located in front of the fireplace. Fontainebleau Palace Banquet Hall Courtyard Fontainebleau's palace building includes several courtyards. From west to east are: Honorary Academy, Meiquan Academy, Oval Academy and Official Academy. Honorary Academy, also known as White Horse Academy, is 152m long and 1 12m wide. The main entrance faces west and there is a huge horseshoe-shaped step. To the north of the courtyard is the annex of Francois I with the top floor, and to the south is the annex of Louis XV. "Meiquanyuan" has a carp pond in the south and a Francois I promenade in the north. The East Annex was also built by Gabriel, and there are double rows of steps outside the building. There is the Louis Memorial Tower in the Oval Courtyard, with the Baptism Gate in the east and the guemes Gallery opposite. The "official courtyard", also known as the "dining courtyard", is located on the east side and was built in the period of Henry IV. Baima Courtyard1865438+On April 20, 2004, Napoléon Bonaparte walked down the horseshoe-shaped steps with a heavy heart, kissed his soldiers and military flags goodbye, and embarked on a journey of exile in Elba. Therefore, Baima Courtyard is also called "Farewell Courtyard". The horseshoe staircase of Di Anna Garden in Fontainebleau Palace, Di Anna Garden, also known as Queen Garden, is littered with trees, flower beds and sculptures from 16 to 18 centuries. Abandoned during the Great Revolution, Napoleon ordered the renovation in 18 12. Di Anna Garden, located in the northwest of Fontainebleau Palace, is named after the hunting goddess Di Anna standing in the garden. The garden is green with pine and cypress, and the winding path is quiet. A large grassland is surrounded by a small and exquisite fountain. In the center of the fountain is the statue of Di Anna, built in the era of Henry IV 1602. In order to protect the original marble statue from erosion, sculptor Pourieux copied another one in bronze. Traffic Information Take the train from Lyon Station to Montero, Montal or Lalos, and get off at Fontainebleau Station, which takes 40-60 minutes by car. Then take the 1 bus for about 15 minutes. Practical information 1. Opening hours are 1. The castle is closed every Tuesday and every February 1, 1 and 65438+25. 65438+ 10 to March: 9:30- 17:00 (latest admission:16:15) April to September: 9:30- 18:00. Courtyard and garden are open every day. 165438+ 10 to February: 9: 00-17: 00 March, April and10/October: 9: 00-18: 00. It is open all year round. Second, the price 1. Full price of large suite pass: 12? Special price: 10? The first Sunday of every month is free. The route of this pass is the Grand Suite and the Napoleon I Memorial Hall. The route includes: Pope Suite, Renaissance Exhibition Hall (including Francois I Promenade and Ballroom), Saint Satou South Church and Trinity Church, Grand Monarch Suite, Imperial Suite and Napoleon I Memorial Hall. Commentary: 3? 2. China Pavilion: 3? Including tablet computer under 02 (Hisad)65438+ free admission. For more details, please visit official website in Fontainebleau Palace. Important event: In the early morning of March 20 1 May, the China Pavilion of Fontainebleau Museum in the south of Paris was stolen, and 15 exhibits were stolen. The lost collections include/kloc-a replica of the crown of the King of Siam given to Charles Louis Napolé on Bonaparte by the King of Siam in the mid-9th century, Datura in Tibet and cloisonne inlaid porcelain bottles in Qianlong period in China. A spokesman for Fontainebleau Palace said that these artworks are "priceless".