Chang 'an teenager, cháng ān shào nián explains the text in detail. ㄔㄤㄢㄕㄠㄋㄧㄢˊ
Chang 'an juvenile (Chang 'an juvenile)
Always referring to those extravagant and frivolous children of your family in the city. Preface to Song Lian's Excerpt from the Star Pavilion: "The younger Yanji is, the more skillful she is, dazzling in front of her and paying attention to Chang 'an teenagers. "Qing Fu Cha Dunchong's Notes on Yanjing Times Dazhong Temple": "Tourists gather, scholars and women are like clouds, and Chang' an teenagers take pleasure in galloping."
Chang 'an Chess, cháng ān qí jú Detailed explanation of words Chá ng ā n Qí j ú ㄔㄤㄢㄑㄧㄐㄨ?
Chang 'an chess game (Chang 'an chess game)
The fourth song of Tang Du Fu's Autumn Prosperity: "Wen Chang 'an is like playing chess, and the world is sad for a hundred years. Later, people used "a game of chess in Chang 'an" to describe political instability. Liu Yazi's poem, entitled "Yan Yan You Continues Grass", asks: "When will the chess game in Chang 'an be over, and the plantain will sing about the guests? "
Chang 'an Street, Basic Explanation
Chang 'an Street was once considered as the longest and widest street in the world and one of the most important streets in China. In China, some people think it is "the first street in China". It is also an east-west axis of Beijing, starting from Dongdan in the east and reaching Xidan in the west. Tiananmen Square is located in the north and south of the midpoint of Chang 'an Avenue.
detailed description
general situation
East from Dongdan, west to Xidan, which is the extension of Chang 'an Street, east to Tongzhou District and west to Shijingshan District. Also known as the ten-mile long avenue. Because of its unique geographical location and symbolic significance, Chang 'an Avenue has long been synonymous with Beijing and even China politics. Chang 'an Street, built in the Ming Dynasty, is the most important road for the construction of the Forbidden City, the Imperial City and the inner and outer cities in Beijing. According to relevant records, it was built at the same time with the Imperial City from the fourth year to the eighteenth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1406- 1420), and it is one of the important parts of the overall planning of Beijing city construction in the Ming Dynasty, with a history of 600 years. Chang 'an Street, named after Chang 'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, means long-term stability.
brief introduction
Chang 'an Street is the most important street in China. The military parade will be held here.
Chang 'an Street is bounded by Tiananmen Square and adjoins East Chang 'an Street in the east. To the west is West Chang 'an Avenue. Because this straight street has no end, people describe it as a street ten miles long. In fact, the total length from Dongdan to Xidan is only 4 kilometers, but it is the east-west axis of the whole city. It runs from Baliqiao (Yongtong Bridge) in Tongzhou District to Shijingshan in the west, with a total length of 38 kilometers. A series of streets connect it from east to west, thus connecting the city center, the urban area and the new urban area.
From Tiananmen Square to the east, there are several government agencies, followed by the Ministry of Public Security, Textile Industry Association, State Grid Corporation, China Ocean Shipping Company, Ministry of Commerce and other units. Among them, the Textile Industry Federation was originally the former site of imperial academy in the Qing Dynasty, and it was the yamen where great intellectuals concentrated.
In the north of this section of the road, there is a group of buildings called Beijing Hotel, three buildings, each with its own history. An old beige building in the middle is the old building of Jinghua Hotel, now called the Middle Building, which was the original site of Xie Wei Grand View Building in Qing Dynasty. 1900 was demolished by the imperialists. 19 17, this seven-story building was built by China-France Industrial Bank and became a foreign-related hotel in China. 1940, when the second world war broke out, most of the shares of the hotel fell into the hands of the Japanese, and the chairman was replaced by the Japanese. The following year, it was renamed the Japan Society and became the Japanese world. To the west is a seven-story light purple building completed in the autumn of 1954, which used to be the former site of the agent vassal department of the Qing court. Lee Beon Department is the yamen for dealing with minority affairs. Later, according to the treaty signed by the Manchu government that postal services should be managed by foreigners, the Lee Beon Department was demolished and transformed into the Beijing Postal Administration, and foreigners were appointed as postal directors. On the east side of the middle building of Beijing Hotel, next to the south entrance of Wangfujing Street, there is a new apricot building, which is one of the famous hotels in Beijing that opened in the autumn of 1974. It was originally a two-story red building, formerly known as Han Jing Railway Bureau, and was once the residence of the Ministry of Railways after 1949.
To the west of Tiananmen Square is West Chang 'an Avenue, and its eastern section and the western section of East Chang 'an Avenue were widened only after 1950 demolished the west outer three gates and the flower wall. Lubei No.28 Middle School, formerly the Shengping Department of Qing Dynasty, is the residence of the royal troupe. Along the wall in south-central Hainan, xinhua gate is to the west, and now it is the south gate of the State Council. Xinhua gate was originally named Bao Yue Building, also known as Wangxiang Building. It is said that it was built by Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty to show ChristianRandPhillips her hometown. Yuan Shikai was changed to xinhua gate when he was in power; Further west, there are towering telegraph buildings and civil aviation business halls. In the center of Louqian Road, there is a twin-tower Qingshou Temple built in the early years of Jin Zhangzong, which was demolished during the expansion of 1954 West Chang 'an Avenue. The telegraph building is diagonally opposite the famous Hongbinlou Hotel and the Capital Cinema. Go west and you will reach Xidan.
The west extension project of Chang 'an Street starts from Gucheng South Road in the east, passes through Shougang Dongdaemun and Shougang Factory in the west, then passes through Fengsha Railway and Yongding River, passes through the West Sixth Ring Road, the planned Chengmen Park and Mentougou Waterfront Business District, and then continues to the west, ending at Shisan Road and connecting with the planned Shilong West Road, with a total length of about 6.4 kilometers. The relevant person in charge of the Beijing Municipal Planning Commission said that Chang 'an Street West Extension Project, as an extension of Beijing's central axis, will bring the central city closer to the western part of Beijing, create favorable conditions for promoting the development of Mentougou New Town and Shijingshan District, support the transformation of Shougang District, and relieve some functions of the central city, with remarkable social benefits. In 2000, Chang 'an Avenue and its extension line were completely rebuilt in Beijing. At that time, Chang 'an Street extended westward from Gongzhufen to the East Gate of Shougang, increasing by 12 km. From Dabeiyao to Tongzhou Town, another 20 kilometers will be added, making the total length of Chang 'an Street reach 45 kilometers. Chang 'an Street is the most famous street in Beijing and even in China, with the reputation of "the first street in China". It passes through Tiananmen Square, and along the square are Zhongnanhai, the Forbidden City and many central government departments.
history
Chang 'an Street was built in the 4th to 18th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (1406- 1420).
In ancient times, Chang 'an Street was only 3.7 kilometers long, known as Shili Long Street, and it was a famous "Tianjie" in Beijing history. From Chang 'an Zuomen to Dongdan archway, it was named East Chang 'an Street. From the right gate of Chang 'an to Xidan archway, it is called West Chang 'an Street. 1940, Jianguomen and Fuxingmen on the east and west sides of the interior wall were opened, which became the embryonic form of Chang 'an Avenue today.
After the founding of New China, with Beijing becoming the national political and cultural center, Chang 'an Avenue, as a national avenue that embodies the political, cultural and foreign affairs functions of the capital, is increasingly full of vitality. Chang 'an Street has been rebuilt in sections, with a width of 50- 100 meters, and the buildings on both sides are changing with each passing day.
In 1950s, the office buildings of Textile Department, Coal Department and Foreign Trade Department were newly built, followed by the expansion of the office building of Fisheries Department, Telegraph Building and Beijing Hotel.
1959 The Great Hall of the People, the Museum of Chinese Revolutionary History, Beijing Railway Station, the National Culture Palace and national hotel were completed.
In the 1970s, the new building of Beijing Hotel and the long-distance telephone building were completed.
In 1980s, China Academy of Social Sciences, Dongdan Telephone Bureau, International Hotel, China Civil Aviation Ticket Center and China Arts and Crafts Museum were successively built.
In the 1990s, the Women's Federation Office Building, China Women's Activity Center, Ministry of Communications Office Building, China Customs Building, China People's Bank Head Office, Dongdan Sports Center, Chang 'an Grand Theatre, Chang 'an Club, Ocean Building and so on were successively built.
Since 2000, the National Grand Theatre has been built one after another.
condition
Chang 'an Street is very important in Beijing and even the whole country. Tiananmen Square and Tiananmen Square, the symbols of China, are located on Chang 'an Avenue. On both sides of Chang 'an Avenue are the Great Hall of the People, Zhongnanhai, Ministry of Public Security, Ministry of Commerce and other central state organs. There are many cultural facilities on both sides of Chang 'an Avenue, such as China National Museum, Palace Museum, National Grand Theatre, Beijing Concert Hall and China Military Museum. There are CBD, Dongdan, Wangfujing, Xidan, Financial Street and many other important business districts on both sides of Chang 'an Avenue. The People's Bank of China, the central bank of China, is also on Chang 'an Avenue. In addition, Beijing Railway Station and Beijing West Railway Station are also near Chang 'an Avenue.
Places of interest along the street
Many ancient scenic spots on Chang 'an Avenue are famous all over the world. Tiananmen Square, formerly known as "Chengtianmen", was founded in 14 17 (the fifteenth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty), which means "inheriting heaven and being ordered by heaven". According to relevant historical records, Chengtianmen is a five-hole archway with yellow tile cornices, three floors and red painted gold nails, which is dazzling. A straight central imperial road extends from the back of the five-hole archway, passing through the end gate and leading directly to the meridian gate of the main entrance of the palace. 165 1 year (eight years of Qing Shunzhi), rebuilt as "Tiananmen Square", which means "taking orders from heaven" and "keeping peace and governing the people". During the 500 years of Ming and Qing dynasties, Tiananmen Square was the place where the new emperor ascended the throne and the queen was awarded the title of imperial edict. It is also a place where the emperor can carry on the family line and recruit wise men, and it is also the only way for the emperor to go out to worship his ancestors. In China's modern history, the May 4th Movement, the December 9th Movement, founding ceremony and other remarkable major historical events in China's revolutionary history were staged in front of Tiananmen Square. After the founding of New China, Tiananmen Square on Chang 'an Avenue, with its unique loftiness and solemnity, symbolizes the rebirth of an ancient civilization and appears on the national emblem of China, becoming a symbol of the great motherland.
Tian'anmen Square
Tiananmen Square was a T-shaped palace square in front of Tiananmen Square in Ming and Qing Dynasties. At the beginning, the imperial palace square of the feudal emperor was tightly closed, and there was a red wall on the edge of the square, and there was a thousand steps corridor with eaves and ridges in the red wall, which was the place where the feudal emperor held grand celebrations and other important activities. In the north of the square, it reaches Tiananmen Square and the south wall of the imperial city on both sides. In front of Tiananmen Square, there is a spacious east-west "horizontal street" with Chang 'an left gate and Chang 'an right gate. Among the people, Chang 'an Avenue, East and West, got its name. Palace Square is south to Daming Gate in Ming Dynasty (renamed Daqingmen in Qing Dynasty, Zhonghua Gate in Republic of China, and later demolished). Out of Daming Gate, you can cross a chessboard street (also known as Tianjie Street) and go straight to Zhengyangmen. Today, Tiananmen Square is a grand and solemn people's square, which has become the largest and most spectacular square in the world.
central park
Now Zhongshan Park is not only a social forum in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, but also the first park in the history of the ancient capital Beijing, formerly known as Central Park. It was under the creativity and auspices of Zhu Qiqian, a famous person in modern China, then the chief of the interior of Beiyang government and the governor of Beijing municipal government, that the abandoned rural altar in Ming and Qing dynasties was turned into a park. She Ji Tan was originally xingguo temple in Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, and was renamed Wanshou xingguo temple. When Judy, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, built the Beijing Palace, she converted it into a social altar according to the system of "left ancestors and right houses", which was once the place where emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties sacrificed to the land gods and the grain gods. In order to commemorate Dr. Sun Yat-sen in the Republic of China, it was renamed Zhongshan Park on 19 18.
Royal ancestral hall
Located on the east side of Tiananmen Gate, the ancestral hall was originally a royal ancestral hall in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The ancestral hall was founded in 1420 (18th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty) and rebuilt in 1544 (23rd year of Jiajing). Since then, it has been repaired and expanded many times in the eight years of Shunzhi and four years of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty. The ancestral hall covers an area of about 654.38+0.39 million square meters. The main building of the ancestral hall is three halls, opposite Dajimen. The front hall is the main hall of the three main halls, where the emperor once held a big sacrifice. The ancestral temple in the Ming Dynasty belonged to the imperial court, and it belonged to the Taichang Temple in the Qing Dynasty. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, whenever a new emperor ascended the throne, or there was a pro-government, wedding, knighthood, emblem, longevity, conferment, triumph, prisoner sacrifice, Anzi official sacrifice, he went to the ancestral temple to pay homage every year and so on. After the founding of the Republic of China, the Beiyang government named it 1926 as the Peace Park, which was opened to the outside world and returned to the Ministry of the Interior two years later. 1932 (2 1) was changed to a branch of the Palace Museum and opened to the public in August of the following year. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), with the consent of President Mao Zedong, Premier Zhou Enlai allocated the ancestral temple to the Beijing Federation of Trade Unions and became the Beijing Working People's Cultural Palace.
Dongdan and Xidan
Dongdan and Xidan are the abbreviations of the original Dongdan archway and Xidan archway. There are many famous cultural sites and large temples in Xidan in history. At present, the area around Beijing Earth Department Building and Civil Aviation Building is the original site of Qingshou Temple, one of the oldest temples in Beijing. 1954, during the expansion of West Chang 'an Avenue, Qingshou Temple (formerly No.28 West Chang 'an Avenue) was demolished. According to relevant historical records, the Shuangta Qingshou Temple was first built in the Jin Dynasty, named Daqingshou Temple, and was rebuilt in the early Yuan Dynasty. /kloc-rebuilt in 0/448 (13th year of Ming Dynasty) and renamed Daxing Dragon Palace, also known as Jean Temple. 1535 (14th year of Jiajing) was destroyed by fire. 1536 (15th year of Jiajing) was changed to Jiangwutang and Xiang Ying. At that time, the Twin Towers were located on the west side of the temple. One tower has 9 levels, which is called "the tower of the Lord entrusted by the Buddha Yan Haiyun", and the other tower has 7 levels, which is called "the tower of the temple of the Buddhist monk Yan Zhao".
Xidan business district
The history of Xidan business district can be traced back to the Ming Dynasty. According to relevant historical records, it was the main intersection of southwest Beijing leading to Guang 'anmen. Business travel and goods from southwest provinces by land have to go from Lugouqiao to Guang 'anmen in the outer city, enter Xuanwu Gate in the inner city via Caishikou in the north, and then enter all parts of the inner city via Xidan. As a result, various shops, restaurants, restaurants and cultural places have been built around Xidan. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Dali Temple, Taibu Temple, Taichang Temple, Punishments Department, Duchayuan and Lu 'an Yiwei all went shopping around Xidan, which promoted the commercial development here and made Xidan a lively commercial center on Chang 'an Avenue.
Founder of municipal construction
Zhu Qiqian, a modern celebrity in China, was one of the founders of modern municipal construction in China. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, he served as the inspection department of the inner and outer cities of Shi Jing, the inspector of the School of Translation of Shi Jing University, and later served as the chief of transportation, acting prime minister and chief of internal affairs of Beiyang government. During his tenure, in order to facilitate Beijing's traffic, he pushed through the central axis of Beijing and laid the foundation for Chang 'an Avenue and Beijing's modernization today. 19 1 1 After the Revolution of 1911, the then Grand Presidential Palace was located in Zhongnanhai. Zhu Qiqian rebuilt the downstairs of Bao Yue, south of Zhongnanhai, into "xinhua gate", demolished the inner imperial city wall, and made the gate lead directly to Chang 'an Avenue. In addition, he also presided over the opening of Fu You Street, Nanchang Street and Beichang Street, Wang Hongbin and Beichizi, connecting them with Chang 'an Street, and opening up the north-south traffic arteries in Beijing.
condition
Over the past 40 years, the face of Chang 'an Avenue has changed with each passing day. In addition to the continuous expansion of East Road and West Road, it has now become a bustling street with high-rise buildings, colorful lights, tree-lined trees and flowers overflowing, especially on the north side of the road, and the changes are amazing enough.
Chang 'an Avenue is undergoing a five-month overhaul.
To welcome the 60th anniversary of the founding of New China, Chang 'an Avenue was overhauled on the night of March 20th, 2009. With the road overhaul, traffic engineering, greening improvement and bus optimization will be carried out simultaneously, and the entrances and exits of several underground passages along the line will be extended and adjusted to realize the five-up, five-down and two-way ten-lane planning of Fuxingmen-Jianguomen section, and the main road from Chayuan Hutong to the south side of the National Grand Theatre section will be widened. As of August 25th, the road overhaul project of Chang 'an Avenue, which lasted for five months, has been completed. After transformation, the planning and design of five-up, five-down, two-way and ten-lane street was realized for the first time, which greatly improved the overall capacity of the road. The new processes and technologies adopted in this overhaul, such as permeable brick, warm mix asphalt and hot recycling, not only reflect the concept of energy saving, environmental protection and circular economy utilization in traffic construction, but also reflect the continuous progress of Beijing traffic in building humanistic traffic, scientific and technological traffic and green traffic.
The origin of Shili long street
Chang 'an Street used to mean from Dongdan to Xidan, with a length of 7.4 Li. The so-called "Shili Long Street" refers to the distance from Jianguomen to Fuxingmen, that is, 13.4 Li Long. The current "Baili Long Street" refers to the distance from Tongzhou to Shijingshan, with a total length of 84 miles. The so-called "traffic control ten miles" and "hundred miles" are both general statements, not exact figures.
Traffic control
Chang 'an Avenue has strict traffic control (for example, trucks are not allowed to enter Chang 'an Avenue day and night). Although traffic jams often occur during rush hours, the Beijing municipal government has implemented "green waves" on traffic lights on Chang 'an Avenue to try its best to ensure smooth traffic.
Outdoor media advertising
According to Beijing's local laws and regulations on outdoor advertising, commercial advertisements are not allowed within 100 meters of Chang 'an Avenue and its two sides. However, careful TV viewers still see that an advertisement of a Japanese company appeared on the lobby side of a hotel in Chang 'an Street during the military parade on the 60th anniversary of the National Day on the morning of June 65438+ 10/2009. Moreover, the advertisement appeared on CCTV for more than 10 second.
The trees on both sides of Chang 'an Avenue are Sophora japonica and Magnolia grandiflora on the outer wall of Zhongnanhai.
The movie Chang 'an Avenue
At 7: 30 pm on September 28th, 2009, the premiere and solicitation ceremony of the large-scale documentary Chang 'an Avenue, a new film of the Central Committee, was held in Tsinghua University, which aroused strong response from the audience. General director Gao Chang and executive director Lan Bing attended and interacted with the audience. It is reported that this film will be permanently collected in china national film museum as a gift to the 60th anniversary.
Chang 'an Avenue is a documentary released by the Central New Film Factory to welcome the 60th anniversary of the founding of New China. It is also one of the 50 National Day gift films promoted by the Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television. Lu Li, director of the Political Department of the Central New Film Department, who has successfully created many excellent documentaries such as People First, is the chief producer, Gao Chang, a veteran filmmaker, is the chief director, Lan Bing and his team, who won the Golden Rooster Award in China, are the executive directors, and outstanding photographers in the documentary industry include Luo Ling, Li Xiong and others.
Lan Bing, the executive director, said that Chang 'an Avenue was chosen as the shooting angle because Chang 'an Avenue experienced many major events that affected the social trend of China. Every extension of Chang 'an Avenue bears a distinct brand of the times and contains countless vivid stories. It can be said that Chang 'an Avenue is the epitome of China's changes in the past hundred years, the witness of the changes in New China in the past 60 years, and the window of great changes in the past 30 years of reform and opening up.
From the eight-year Anti-Japanese War to the 2008 Olympic Games and the 2009 Wenchuan earthquake, the film has a very long time span, including the Japanese surrender, founding ceremony, the first session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the renovation of Tiananmen Square, the construction of the Monument to the People's Heroes, Nixon's visit to China, the return of Hong Kong and Macao, the success of the Olympic bid, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the three great men visiting Shili Long Street, and 50.
In order to break through the traditional limitations of documentaries, the film crew fully mobilized various shooting methods, completed the 360-degree real-life shooting of the Monument to the People's Heroes, and moved frame by frame on Chang 'an Avenue, creating multiple "firsts" of documentaries. After watching the movie on the spot, many viewers can't help sighing that what they see from the film is not only the familiar Chang 'an Avenue, but also the "alternative Chang 'an Avenue" that the audience can't see from the conventional point of view.
The 600-year-old Chang 'an Avenue deserves everyone in China's sincere approach. This documentary about this old street, past lives, will also be treasured in china national film museum forever. The film was broadcast on CCTV movie channel on September 29th.
Chang' an school of painting, basic explanation
In 1960s, Xi 'an Art Troupe, represented by Zhao Wangyun and Shilu, held roving exhibitions in Beijing and other places. Their landscape paintings show the simplicity and stubbornness of the Loess Plateau, and their meticulous figure painting has caused a sensation in China painting circle, and is called "Chang 'an Painting School". Its members include, He, and others.
Chang 'an Street, Basic Explanation
The name of "Hengchui Song" in Han Yuefu. The content is mostly the scenic spots on Chang 'an Avenue and the feelings of the guests, hence the name. This song was written by Chen Houzhu in the Southern Dynasties and Xu Ling, Wei and Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty. Sentences vary in length. Reference Scene's Interpretation of Yuefu Ancient Poems.
Chang 'an Road, Chang 'an: The name of an ancient capital, in the northwest of Xi City, Shaanxi Province. The ancient metaphor of fame and wealth.
Chang 'an rice is expensive, the basic explanation.
Tang Zhanggu advocated leisure: "When Bai Shangshu (Bai Juyi) first arrived in Beijing, he wrote a poem about Gu Kuang. As the name implies, he was familiar with Bai Gong and said,' Rice is expensive, and life is easy.' This is a scroll. The first one reads: "The endless grass on the plain, with the seasons coming and going, wildfire never completely devours them, and they grow taller in the spring breeze." In other words,' if you have a word, you will live well.' "The old title Song Youmao's" Complete Tang Poetry "Volume II records this matter, which is written as" Chang 'an is expensive, and it is not easy to live in a big place ". Later used to refer to the high cost of living in a metropolis. Xiong Yu's "Map of Tisancha Fishing Village in Maibeitang" in Qing Dynasty says: "You can form an alliance with the painting of gulls and herons in the middle and western mountains, and pay for fame. Laughter is worse than success. Chang' an is expensive and will return tomorrow. "
Living in Chang 'an is not easy. Explain the words in detail: chá ng ā n já d à b à y ㄔㄤㄢㄐㄨㄉㄚㄅㄨㄧ.