General planting

1. Strawberries are suitable for planting in sunny, well-water-repellent soil. The soil depth is approximately 8-10 inches. 2. For large strawberries, the row spacing should be 12 inches, and the plant spacing should be about 18 inches. The vines of the plants should be removed in time to facilitate the fruiting of strawberries. Strawberry production is cyclical, so it is best to establish some new plants during the first few years of planting. 3. If you don't like managing strawberries, you can plant strawberries every 18 to 24 inches so they can spread everywhere. Of course it will look a bit messy and the strawberries are not big. If you want to avoid this, you can remove some vines appropriately. 4. In autumn, cover the plants with a layer of soil to prevent frost. After the soil has frozen, you can spread 3-4 inches of hay over the plants. In the spring of the second year, when new leaves have grown, remove the hay. After the weather gets warmer and stabilizes, remove the covering soil from the surface of the plants. But leave some hay between the rows to prevent weeds from growing and to retain moisture in the soil. The following pictures tell us how to plant in small quantities (vine transplantation)

Greenhouse planting technology Strawberry ranks first among the world's small berry production. Strawberry is an economic crop with fast fruiting, early maturity, easy reproduction, short cycle and high efficiency. 1. Preparation of propagation seedling land 1. Choose a paddy field with convenient drainage and irrigation, which is not easy to accumulate water and has high fertility, or vegetable garden soil (soil blocks that have been used in crops and luhuanglong herbicides before). Apply enough base fertilizer (cake fertilizer, household manure, human excrement, phosphate fertilizer) after it is decomposed and spread it. At the same time, use one pound of 50% phoxim or three pounds of 3% carbofuran per mu, mix it with 25 pounds of fine soil, spread it, and turn the soil Make borders. The border is 1.5-1.8 meters wide and has a turtle-back shape to prevent water accumulation and loose soil. 2. Selection and planting of each plant. Select new leaves that are developing normally, with symmetrical leaflets, dark green leaves, thick petioles, large leaves, strong growth, and good yield. Remove diseased leaves and old leaves. In our city, the breeding grounds are generally planted in April in the Gregorian calendar (the daily average temperature is above 12°C). Two rows are planted in each border, 30 cm away from the edge of the border, and the spacing between plants is 60-80 cm. After planting, water immediately to set the stems. 3. Fertilizer and water management. The principle of fertilizing the seedling land is: suitable nitrogen, heavy phosphorus and potassium. Use 200 kilograms of decomposed vegetable cake per mu plus 7-8 kilograms of urea, 50 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, and 10 kilograms of potassium fertilizer. After dissolving in water, add it every 20 Water once a day. Human feces and urine can also be substituted. 4. After each plant survives (one week later), spray gibberellin (92O), that is, add 40-50 pounds of water to each gram of "92O" (92O is first washed with high-concentration white wine) Dissolve in the bowl) spray. Spray twice, one week to 10 days apart. Strictly control the application of nitrogen fertilizer in August and allow it to be properly dry, but do not overdo it. 2. Preparation and specifications of timely transplanting and transplanting land 1. Field preparation: Select fields or soil that are fertile and easy to drain and water for large fields. Strawberries require a large amount of fertilizer, and there is generally less fertilization in the later period (fruit picking period), so the base fertilizer should be sufficient and mainly organic fertilizer. Generally, 1500kg of organic fertilizer per mu, 50kg of cake fertilizer, and 25-30kg of compound fertilizer , 7.5kg of urea, 40kg of supercalcium, and 10kg of potassium fertilizer. Except for urea and compound fertilizer, mix the other fertilizers evenly and decompose them, then mix them with urea and compound fertilizer and spread them on the soil surface, and then turn the soil to make ridges. Generally, the ridge height is 25-30cm, the ridge bottom width is 90cm, and the ridge surface is 60cm. The width of the ridge and furrow is 30 cm, and the width of the ridge and furrow is about 100-120 cm. There is a certain slope from the ridge surface to the furrow bottom. 2. Planting period and method: Facility cultivation in our city is usually transplanted from the end of September to the beginning of October. The planting density and seedling condition, soil fertility and thinness should be treated separately. Strong seedlings, dry seedlings and soil fertility should be planted sparsely. On the contrary, it should be planted closely. Generally, 7-9 thousand plants are planted per acre. After the ridges are planted, plant them 5 cm inward from the edge of the ridges, with a plant-to-plant spacing of 12-15 cm. The ridge length generally does not exceed 30 meters. When transplanting, you should pay attention to: First, directional transplanting: with the back facing outward, it is beneficial to extract the inflorescence later. The second is planting in double rows of triangles (pin-shaped), which is conducive to ventilation and light transmission for rooting. The third is to grasp the depth so that the roots are not exposed below and the seedling core is not buried above, which is conducive to tillering. Fourth, transplanting with soil is beneficial to survival. Fifth, plant in the afternoon on sunny days, and plant all day on cloudy days. Sixth, strengthen water and fertilizer management. Water the root thoroughly immediately after planting. When watering, you can add thiophanate methyl at 800 times the solution. Seventh, timely check and replenish the seedlings. 3. Field management 1. Pre-winter management, from the time of successful establishment to mid-to-late November, three points should be paid attention to: first, apply thin fertilizer frequently, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, preferably dilute manure; second, keep it moist; third, Weed, loosen the soil and pick old and diseased leaves.

2. Management before and after flowering: Spray Cai Guo Zhuang Di Ling in time before flowering, during the young fruit stage, and during the fruit expansion stage to increase the strawberry cycle fruit setting rate and promote fruit development. At the same time, use thiophanate, sulfurin, dimethoate, etc. to prevent and control pests and diseases. 3. Management during the overwintering period: Before the cold winter comes, water thoroughly to prevent cold. 4. Timely covering with film Covering with film can double the yield, reduce fruit loss and prevent pollution. Membrane is divided into greenhouse cover film and mulch film. The film covering time should be controlled when the daily average temperature drops to about 8℃, and the film covering time should be started. Cover the greenhouse film first, then cover it with mulch film. Before covering with film, weeding, cultivating, fertilizing, and controlling pests and diseases must be carried out. (Greenhouse production and film purchase models) will not be introduced due to limited space. If interested, please contact the Institute of Agricultural Sciences. After covering the film, the temperature in the shed should be kept at 8°C at night and around 20°C during the day. The film should be lifted at noon on sunny days and re-filmed at 3 p.m. If the temperature is too high, the pollen will die; if the temperature is too low, the pollen activity will not be enough, making it difficult to pollinate. 5. Greenhouse planting Strawberries grown in greenhouses in early spring can bloom and bear fruit. Open Field Cultivation Technology: Strawberry cultivation in the open field can be done once a year or once every year. The former is cultivated and harvested every year in rotation with other crops. Under this system, strawberries have strong viability, good fruit quality, early maturity, and fewer pests and diseases. . However, the key technology is to cultivate strong seedlings with more than 3 leaves and well-developed root systems, which can be planted appropriately and closely. Plant once, harvest for many years, transplant in autumn, and harvest in May of the following year. After 3 years, renew once using stolon seedlings 1. Apply base fertilizer to the soil. Strawberries have shallow roots and should be grown in loam or sandy loam with good permeability and rich in organic matter. The suitable crops for the previous crop are wheat, beans, melons and vegetables. It can also be intercropped with tall crops. Deeply plow the land in advance, apply 3000kg of fully decomposed manure base fertilizer per mu, and dry it in the sun. Apply 25kg of diammonium phosphate during soil preparation. Potassium chloride 10kg. Water once before planting. 2. Before transplanting, select seedlings with 5-6 compound leaves, strong plants and complete root systems, and plant them in the field on cloudy days or in the evening. The planting density is (20-25) cm Or replant. When planting, make the seedlings grow with their backs facing the flat border, which is convenient for management and fruit harvesting. 3． Field management: After the strawberries are planted, water the roots regularly, and then keep the field moist, lower the ground temperature, and irrigate in an appropriate amount and time depending on the humidity in the field. When filling with overwintering water, apply 15-20kg/acre of compound fertilizer to improve overwintering ability. The spring flowering and fruiting period is a moisture-sensitive period, so the soil should be kept moist. When irrigating, apply nitrogen and phosphorus compound fertilizer or spray fertilizer on the leaves. The water should not be too much. The accumulated water should be drained out in time. At the same time, vegetable and fruit strengthening should be sprayed in time before flowering, during the young fruit stage and during the fruit expansion stage to improve the quality of strawberry. Cycle fruit setting rate and promote fruit development. After transplanting strawberries, they should be plowed and weeded frequently. After the fruits are harvested, the soil should be cultivated in time. When overwintering, cover the ground appropriately to prevent cold and heat preservation, and to keep strawberries overwintering smoothly. Nowadays, more mulching is done from the end of January to the beginning of February, which can promote the ripening of strawberries earlier and extend the harvest period. Planting of potted strawberries Planting of potted strawberries Many friends buy strawberry seeds. On the one hand, they want to beautify their homes, and on the other hand, they also want to taste the joy of "harvest": In order to enable friends who are planting for the first time to master the basic skills, here are some introductions Relevant knowledge is given to you! You are also welcome to share your thoughts and experiences with everyone! It is not difficult to establish a home vegetable and fruit garden. If you live in a villa or live on the ground floor or top floor, and have a house with a small garden, of course most. It doesn’t matter if you don’t have one. As long as you have a balcony or a well-lit windowsill, you can still enjoy the fun of home gardening. Cultivation vessels can be used in special cultivation boxes, flower pots, or discarded plastic boxes, washbasins, etc. Potted strawberries are a newly developed variety, especially suitable for indoor ornamental cultivation. From the perspective of visual beauty, strawberry leaves are dark green and the fruits are bright red. If they can be planted in natural and simple clay pots or earthenware pots, they will complement each other. Sowing and raising seedlings of potted strawberries requires culture soil with good water retention properties (such as cultivation soil for hanging potted flowers). The germination temperature is 20-25°C. After sowing, it should be covered with moisture and protected from light to facilitate germination. Seedlings will emerge in about 5 days. At this time, the light needs to be gradually increased to facilitate rapid growth of seedlings. Strawberries like sufficient light, and it is best to have more than half a day of light every day. It should be placed in a well-ventilated place. Strawberries are not drought-tolerant. If the pot soil dries out, brown spots will appear on the leaves, which will also affect fruit bearing. Therefore, when the surface of the pot soil becomes dry, you need to pour enough water until the water flows out from the bottom of the pot.

Apply liquid fertilizer with a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio of 5:10:5 once every 2 weeks. Note that the fertilizer should be applied around the strawberry plants after they bloom. Once the potted strawberry fruit matures, the oval red fruit is beautiful and attractive. When picked and placed on a white porcelain plate or crystal glass container, it is simply a work of art. Disease prevention: Plant strawberries, change or control the environmental conditions for their growth and development, overcome unfavorable factors, make them bloom and bear fruit normally, achieve early harvest, and supply the market out of season. Greenhouse cultivation has the characteristics of low investment, quick results, high yield, and good benefits. The yield per mu of land is 1,500 kilograms, which is more than twice that of the open field; the output value is more than 10 times higher than that of the open field. In order to extend the supply period of strawberries and meet the demand for annual supply, four cultivation forms are currently commonly used: (1) promotion cultivation (ripened and marketed in late autumn and early winter from November to December); (2) semi-promotion cultivation (from February to March) (mid-mature market); (3) Super promotion cultivation; (4) Suppression cultivation. Although there are many advantages to using greenhouses for production, there are also shortcomings due to the high temperature and humidity in the greenhouses. It is easy to create extremely favorable environmental conditions for the occurrence of pests and diseases. It is particularly important to strengthen the comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases, "treat them early, treat them small, and cure them", and have become a key link in achieving high and stable strawberry yields in greenhouses. Leaf spot: Also known as snake eye disease, it mainly damages leaves, petioles, fruit stems, young stems and seeds. Small dark purple spots are formed on the leaves, which expand to form nearly round or oval lesions with purple-reddish-brown edges, gray-white centers, and slightly thin rings, making the entire lesions snake-eye-shaped, with no small black particles forming on the lesions. Prevention and control measures: Remove diseased and old leaves promptly. In the early stage of the disease, use 500 to 700 times of 70% chlorothalonil wettable powder, and spray it again ten days later. Or use 70% mancozeb wettable powder, spray 200 grams per mu with 75 kilograms of water. Powdery mildew: It mainly damages leaves, but also damages flowers, fruits, fruit stems and petioles. The leaves are rolled up into a spoon shape. The damaged flower buds and petals turn purple-red and cannot bloom or bloom completely. The fruits are not enlarged and have an elongated shape; the young fruits lose their luster and become hardened. Strawberries near the ripening stage will lose their commercial value if damaged. Prevention and control measures: Focus on spraying Baume 0.3 degree lime sulfur mixture in and around the central strain of the disease. After harvesting, cut the leaves in the whole garden and spray 70% thiophanate methyl 1000 times solution or 50% sterilant 800 times solution and 30% terfulin 5000 times solution. Gray mold: It is a major disease after flowering and can occur on flowers, petals, fruits, and leaves. During the expansion period, brown spots develop on the fruit and gradually expand. The dense growth of gray mold causes the fruit to soften and rot, seriously affecting the yield. Prevention and control measures: Spray with 25% carbendazim wettable powder 300 times liquid, 50% captan wettable powder 800 times liquid, 50% promethine 500 times to 700 times liquid during the budding to flowering stage. Root rot: Starting from the lower leaves, the leaf edges turn reddish brown and gradually wither upwards until they die. The pillars begin to turn dark brown and rotten in the middle, and the central pillar of the root appears red. Prevention and control measures: Before transplanting strawberries, use 40% asparagus green powder 600 times, pour it on the border surface, then cover it with soil, and level the transplant to effectively kill the pathogens in the soil, reduce the number of bacterial sources in the field, and reduce the chance of infection. Verticillium wilt: This disease is a soil disease. The main symptoms are deformation of young leaves, yellowing of leaves, and extremely rough leaf surfaces. Then the leaf edges turn brown and wilt inward until they die. Prevention and control strategies: Strictly introduce disease-free plants for planting; shorten the renewal period; use 13.5 liters to 20 liters of chloropicrin or solar covering film to irrigate the soil for soil disinfection; remove and burn those that have become infected. Pest Control Nematodes: Parasitize in strawberry tissues and damage petioles, buds, roots, etc., causing the damaged organs to turn red, and in severe cases the plants will die. Prevention and control methods: First, burn the diseased plants, use 400 to 500 times of trichlorfon emulsion, spray once every 10 days, and spray 3 times in a row. Grubs: During the strawberry harvest period and August and September, they bite the roots and stems, causing the plants to wither. Prevention and control methods: Inject 90% trichlorfon 1000 times solution during the damage period. You can also drip ammonium phosphorus into the running water in combination with watering, and apply 1 kilogram per 667 square meters. Strawberry Leaf Roller: The eggs hatch into larvae from April to May every year. The larvae eat leaves, roll up the leaves, spin silk and form webs inside to continue causing harm. Control methods: Before flowering and after picking, spray with 50% malathion 1000-1500 times or 40% dimethoate 1000 times. [1] Edit this paragraph Planting and management of strawberries in autumn 1. Select and plant improved varieties.

It is advisable to choose varieties with early flower bud differentiation, cold resistance, high yield and good quality, such as Fengxiang, Chunxiang, Jingxiang, Jixin, Xinxing, Juzao, Mayxiang, Mingbao, etc. Strawberries have strong self-flowering ability, but when combined with 1 or 2 other pollinating varieties, the yield can be significantly increased. When selecting seedlings, try to use the mother plant instead of the production seedlings. It is best to choose 1 to 3 seedlings that are close to the mother plant, have many leaves, good root systems, and strong production. 2. Transplanting period. In the north, more strawberries are usually planted around the beginning of autumn. During this period, the temperature is suitable and the rainfall is abundant (spring planting can be carried out). After surviving, the seedlings have enough growing days to make the seedlings grow strong and form full flower buds. 3. Apply fertilizer to make borders. Strawberries are suitable for sandy loam and weakly acidic soils with thick soil, fertile soil, loose soil, and close to water sources. Soil disinfection and fertilization should be carried out before soil preparation. The base fertilizer is generally 1,500 to 2,500 kilograms per 667 square meters (rotted), 75 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, and 15 kilograms of urea. For border cultivation, plant 2 rows in each border, with a row spacing of 20 cm and a plant spacing of 12 cm. About 10,000 seedlings per 667 square meters should be maintained, leaving a 30 cm wide aisle between the two borders. When planting in ridges, plant two rows in each ridge with a row spacing of 20 cm and a plant spacing of 15 cm. Plant 9,000 plants per 667 square meters. 4. Seedling transportation. In order to promote the slow growth of seedlings, it is best to transplant on a rainy day and plant as you go. Before shipment, fertilizer and water should be controlled and the seedlings should be aired in a timely manner. If it needs to be transported outside, it should be packed into cattail bags soaked in water. Choose transportation lines with better road conditions for container transportation. The best time for transportation is in the early morning or evening when the temperature is low. During transportation, pay attention to preventing extrusion, exposure to sunlight, and ventilation and heat dissipation. After transportation, rinse with water and plant as soon as possible. 5. Plant at appropriate depth. Before planting, the roots can be soaked in (5-10) × 10-6 naphthalene acetic acid solution for 2-6 hours. The depth of planting is the key to the survival of strawberries after planting. It is necessary to make the center of the seedlings flush with the surface of the soil. Burying the center of the seedlings too deep will cause the seedlings to easily rot and die. If it is too shallow, the new stems will be exposed and the seedlings will dry up and die. "Don't bury your heart deeply, don't expose your roots shallowly." At the same time, pay attention to the direction of the seedlings, and put the side with the old stolons toward the inside of the border or ridge, so that the fruit ears are mostly concentrated on the outside of the border or ridge, making it easier to pick. 6. Whole-leaf planting. According to some information, when planting strawberry seedlings, you should break off the old leaves and pinch off all the large leaves, leaving only the petioles and 2 to 3 heart leaves, which can reduce water evaporation and facilitate survival. Practice has proven that it is very troublesome to break off the old leaves one by one when planting seedlings. Moreover, there are many scars after the old leaves are broken off or pinched off, and the seedlings are more likely to lose water. We have demonstrated through experiments that planting with whole leaves without removing the old leaves (except for dry yellow leaves) has three benefits: first, the strawberry seedlings have no scars, which can reduce a large amount of water evaporation; second, the leaves have a shading effect after planting. It can lower the soil temperature and reduce the evaporation of soil water, especially the roots. Third, the seedlings have many leaves, which can strengthen photosynthesis, promote the growth of new roots and leaves, slow seedlings quickly, and have a high survival rate. After slowing down the seedlings, remove the old leaves and leave 4 to 5 leaves. After planting, the "root-fixing water" should be poured thoroughly in time. After irrigation, it should be checked in time, and the exposed roots or buried seedlings should be adjusted in time. 7. Thin tubes after planting. Choose a rainy or sunny day for planting in the evening. Water lightly 1 to 2 times a day in the morning and evening for 2 to 3 days after planting, and then water once every 2 to 3 days. For transplanting on sunny days, artificial shade should be used. The seedlings should be left to dry 4 to 5 days after planting, and the shed should be removed after 7 to 8 days. Water the seedlings in time after slowing down, and apply 7.5 kilograms of urea per 667 square meters to promote normal growth of the seedlings. It should be watered once before winter. When the temperature drops to minus 4°C to 5°C, cover it with straw in time, with a thickness of 10 to 20 cm. 8. Prevention and control of pests and diseases. Common diseases and insect pests of strawberries mainly include gray mold, powdery mildew, bud blight, viral diseases, aphids and red spider mites. Control methods: Botrytis can be controlled by spraying 50% carbendazim 1000 times; powdery mildew can be controlled by spraying 70% thiophanate methyl 800 times; virus-free seedlings can be used to disinfect the soil of continuous cropping and control aphids. Outbreak prevention. Spider mites mostly inhabit the old leaves in the lower part of the plant in high density, so removing diseased leaves and yellow leaves at any time can effectively reduce the spread of insect sources; you can choose 1000-1500 times of 20% dimethyl ether emulsifiable concentrate with low residual toxicity and strong contact killing effect, and spray 2 times, 5 to 8 days apart each time. Edit this paragraph Principles of strawberry introduction ① Virus-free, high-quality, pure seedlings must be introduced from professional seedling breeding units, and seedlings cannot be purchased blindly to avoid losses. ② It is necessary to select new varieties that have passed identification and been approved and named by the provincial crop variety approval committee. ③Cultivation forms and varieties should be determined according to the purpose of cultivation.

Strawberries for introduction and processing should choose varieties with dark red color, high sugar content, high hardness, dense texture, strong storability, and easy to remove sepals, such as Sengala, Hani, Mibao, etc., which are suitable for large-area open field cultivation. . If you want to introduce fresh strawberries, you should choose varieties with beautiful fruit shapes, strong fruit aroma, large fruit size, and high nutritional content, such as Xingxiang, Kinugan, Camrosa, Zhangji, etc., which are suitable for protected areas to promote cultivation and Semi-stimulated cultivation and suitable for open field cultivation. ④The introduction time should be appropriate. When introducing seeds from the south to the north, strawberry flower buds should be differentiated before they are completed. Generally, planting in Shanghai and Hangzhou is in early October; in Shenyang and the area north of Shenyang, it is best to plant in early August; in the old Yellow River area and the Guanzhong area of ??Shaanxi Province, it is best to plant in late August to early September; in Hebei, Shandong and southern Liaoning areas, Planted in early August. ⑤ When cultivating and introducing strawberry seedlings, you must choose high-quality and high-quality seedlings. Standards for high-quality seedlings: The plant is complete and free of diseases and insect pests, has more than 4-5 normally developed leaves, a stem diameter of 0.8-1 cm, short and thick petioles, a well-developed root system with many new roots, and a fresh weight of a single plant of about 30 grams. ⑥ When introducing seeds, it is necessary to prevent the invasion and spread of pests and diseases. The agricultural departments at or above the county level must undergo quarantine to confirm that there are no pests and diseases before introduction. ⑦ When introducing species, you should also pay attention to whether there are synonyms of the same species. For example, Virginia and Dukla, Dashelect and New Century No. 1, Kinugan and Japan No. 2, Spring Star and Stoneberry No. 3 all have the same species and synonyms.

Our country is the country with the richest wild strawberry resources in the world. It began to utilize wild strawberries very early and continues to this day. The cultivation of large-fruited strawberries in my country began in 1915, but it was not taken seriously in the past and developed slowly. Strawberry production has developed rapidly since the 1980s. China's current strawberry production area is about 70,000 hectares, ranking first in the world. The main production areas are located in eastern coastal areas such as Anhui, Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, and Zhejiang. In recent years, Sichuan, Anhui, Xinjiang, and Beijing Other areas are also developing rapidly. Key strawberry producing areas include Sihong in Jiangsu, Hefei in Anhui, Dandong in Liaoning, Baoding in Hebei, Yantai in Shandong, Shanghai suburbs, Shuangliu in Sichuan, Lianyungang in Jiangsu, etc. Among them, Changfeng County in Hefei currently has 145,000 acres of strawberry planting area, with an annual output of 20 strawberries. More than 10,000 tons, with a total output value of more than 1 billion yuan, it will be expanded to more than 200,000 acres by 2012, and the country's only national-level virus-free strawberry science and technology park will be built. Promotion meetings are held every year in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing and Diaoyutai State Guesthouse in Beijing, and matchmaking meetings between dealers and strawberry farmers are held in Xinfadi Market in Beijing, Hongqi Market in Tianjin, and Fruit Wholesale Market in Shenyang. Its production scale has grown from the original one in Anhui Province. For the first time, Changfeng strawberry has become the largest strawberry county in the country, and Changfeng strawberry has become a well-known trademark in China. Growth conditions: Strawberries are suitable for planting in soil with sufficient sunlight and good hydrophobicity. The soil depth is approximately 8-10 inches. For large strawberries, the row spacing should be 12 inches, and the plant spacing should be about 18 inches. The vines of the plants should be removed in time to facilitate the fruiting of strawberries. Strawberry production is cyclical, so it is best to establish some new plants during the first few years of planting. If you don't like managing strawberries, you can plant strawberries every 18-24 inches so that they can spread everywhere. Of course it will look a bit messy and the strawberries are not big. If you want to avoid this, you can remove some vines appropriately. In autumn, cover the plants with a layer of soil to prevent frost. After the soil has frozen, you can spread 3-4 inches of hay over the plants. In the spring of the second year, when new leaves have grown, remove the hay. After the weather gets warmer and stabilizes, remove the covering soil from the surface of the plants. But leave some hay between the rows to prevent weeds from growing and to retain moisture in the soil. Main diseases: During the cultivation period and transplanting period of strawberry seedlings, powdery mildew, gray mold, and anthracnose are the most common diseases. If they are not prevented and treated in time, sometimes all strawberry seedlings will be destroyed. 1. Strawberry powdery mildew The pathogenic bacteria are of the genus Monocystis, which spread with the help of airflow or rain. The optimal temperature for the disease is 25-30 degrees Celsius. The pathogenic bacteria can infect a variety of crops, and triadimefon pesticides have generally developed resistance to them. The disease is prone to occur during the fruit setting period and the late harvest period. The key preventive period for open field cultivation is the flowering stem sprouting period before flowering. Preventive medication: 1500 times of Baitai or 25% of 1000-1500 times of 100g, 500-600 times of Longke bacteria plus new high-lipid film spray to form a protective film to prevent bacteria from borrowing. Spread by rain, once every 7-10 days.

The prevention period for Xiaogong shed cultivation is around December and around May of the next year. Preventative and preventive drugs are used in the early stage of the disease: Wuyixin 1000 times, Cuibei 3000 times, 50% Shibaigong 1000-1500 times, Kaiser 2000 times and Mix 500 times of the standard and 500-600 times of Longke bacteria. Pay attention to the rotation of medicines and do not use the same type of medicine more than 2 times in a row. 2. Strawberry gray mold The pathogen is most likely to develop when it is humid and around 25 degrees Celsius. The disease is most serious during the fruit setting period and the late harvest period. Prevention should be the main focus. The best time to use medication is when more than 20% of the first strawberry inflorescence blooms and when the second inflorescence has just bloomed. Selection of pesticides: 1200 times of Kaiser or 1000 times of Nongliling or 50% of Baigong 1000-1500 times, Longke bacteria 500-600 times, control twice in a row, and use the medicine alternately. When the disease is severe, you can choose Kaiser 1200 times plus Baitai 1500 times or Kaiser 1200 times, 50% Baigong 1000-1500 times, Longke bacteria 500-600 times, mixed and used now, the effect is better.