Patent rights, trademark rights and copyrights.

According to Hualu.com, the intellectual property rights referred to in the "China Petroleum Intellectual Property Management Regulations" include patent rights, trademark rights and copyrights, among which patent rights and trademark rights are also collectively referred to as industrial property rights.

Intellectual property rights are "the collective term for rights generated by law based on creative achievements and industrial and commercial marks." In August 2022, the China Intellectual Property Research Association released three series of group standards for intellectual property appraisal, including the "Intellectual Property Appraisal Management Standards", the "Patent Appraisal Standards" and the "Trademark Appraisal Standards".