1. Table tennis originated in England. /kloc-At the end of 0/9, tennis was all the rage in Europe. However, due to the limitation of venue and weather, some college students in Britain move tennis indoors, using the dining table as a table, books as a net, parchment as a racket and playing around the dining table. 1890, several British naval officers stationed in India came across that playing tennis on a small table was quite exciting. Later, they used solid rubber instead of solid balls, then hollow plastic balls and wooden boards instead of rackets to play this novel "tennis match" on the table, which is the origin of the name table tennis. Soon after its appearance, table tennis became a popular sport. At the beginning of the 20th century, the United States began to produce complete sets of table tennis equipment. Table tennis is the number one grip sport in the United States, and more than 200,000 Americans play table tennis. At first, table tennis had other names, such as indoor tennis. Later, an American manufacturer coined the new word Ping-pang with the sound of ping-pong hitting, which became another official name of ping-pong. When table tennis was introduced to China, people created a new word-table tennis. Many words in table tennis come from tennis. The ball used for table tennis is called table tennis or table tennis, the table tennis table is called table tennis table, the table top is called the court, and the net in the middle is called the net. From 1926 to 195 1, most players in the world use rubber bats with cylindrical particles on their surfaces. When hitting the ball, the elasticity and friction increase, which can make the ball rotate to a certain extent, so the defensive style of cutting off the rotating ball appears. This style of play has been popular in Europe for a long time, and many athletes have won the world championship with this style of play. The advantage of table tennis in this period was in Europe, among which Hungary scored the most outstanding. In the 1 17 world champions, they won 57 times, accounting for half of the European team. But this racket can only be used for backspin. Everybody's here. There's no point in winning the championship. The extensive development of table tennis has greatly improved rackets and balls. The original racket was a slightly processed board. Then someone put a layer of sheepskin on the racket. With the development of modern industry, Europeans put rubber with rubber particles on rackets. In the early 1950s, the Austrian invented the sponge racket. The original ball was a rubber ball similar to tennis. 1890, British athlete Gibb brought back some celluloid balls from America as table tennis toys.

2. The shelf supporting the net is called the net rack, and the ping-pong bat is called the ping-pong bar. In table tennis singles, the system of best of three games or best of five games (2 1 minute per game) is generally adopted. In 2006, it was changed to the system of serving or best of five games (1 1 minute per game), which is the so-called "match". Among all kinds of table tennis competitions, the most famous is the World Table Tennis Championships, which was held once a year at first, and changed to be held every two years after 1957. At the beginning of the 20th century, table tennis flourished in Europe and Asia. 1926, the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) was formally established and decided to hold the first World Table Tennis Championships. The development of table tennis has roughly gone through three stages. In the early days, although the rackets used by athletes were of different shapes, they were all made of wood. After the ball is ejected, it is slow and weak, and there is no rotation skill. The play is very simple, that is, pushing the ball between the two. From 65438 to 0936, the 10th World Table Tennis Championships was held in Prague, Czechoslovakia, and there was an amazing situation in the competition. Men's team championships were held in Romania and Austria. The game starts at 2 1 on Sunday. Unexpectedly, the two sides sent three helicopters, because the style of play was consistent, the level was close, and they all used mushroom tactics, refused to trip easily, and tried to win from their opponents' mistakes. Is the game until 3 o'clock or 2: 2? According to local regulations, public places must be closed at 3 o'clock, which led to the intervention of the police. In the end, Austria won with 3 1 5-4. 1903, an Englishman Goodall invented the rubber racket, which strongly promoted the development of table tennis technology.

3. 1959, after Rong Guotuan won the men's singles championship in the 25th World Table Tennis Championships, athletes from China and Rong Guotuan began to enter the international table tennis arena. Gradually formed a "fast, accurate, ruthless, changing" technical style of the fast-break style. In the 26th World Championships of 196 1, China not only broke through Europe, but also defeated the Japanese player who won the secret weapon-"curling ball" and won the men's team world championship for the first time. And won the 27th and 28th men's team championships in succession. The advantage of China's near-table fast break is its close position, high speed, flexible action and free use of forehand and backhand, which is a great progress compared with Japanese long-distance draw. In 1960s, China's table tennis skills were in the forefront of the world, and its advantages were transferred from Japan to China. This is the second big improvement in table tennis. With the development of table tennis in China, European athletes have learned from their failures. After nearly 20 years' efforts, they finally learned from the techniques of Japanese loop ball and China's near-table fast-break play, and created their own advanced play, that is, the combination of loop ball and fast-break play. The representative figures are Hungarian Crampa and Jonel. The combination of fast break and loop ball is based on forehand and backhand fast break as the main technique, backhand fast break as the initiative and forehand loop ball as the scoring means. Representative figures are Gehlsen of Sweden and Olovsky of Czech Republic. These two styles of play are characterized by strong landing point, fast speed, strong pulling and hitting ability, low pulling and high hitting, and large room for manoeuvre. Table tennis has developed to a new height, and its position and speed are closely combined. This is the third big improvement in table tennis. Since the 1970s, due to the strengthening of international exchanges and learning, various styles of play complement each other, so that table tennis technology has been developed and improved faster. For example, China's near-table fast break, straight-shot fast break combined with loop ball, and horizontal-shot fast break combined with loop ball have all developed and innovated, and achieved excellent results in international competitions. The International Table Tennis Federation has 186 member associations and is one of the largest sports organizations in the world. From 1982, the International Olympic Committee adopted the decision to list table tennis as an official event of Zhuang Zedong Olympic Games from 1988, which promoted the faster development of table tennis.

Ersa football

1. Please see: Modern football Modern football originated in Britain. Legend has it that there was a war between England and Denmark in the 1 1 century. After the war, the British found the skull of a Danish aggressor while cleaning up the ruins of the war. Out of resentment, they kicked the skull, and a group of children kicked it when they saw it. However, they found that the skull hurts when they kick, so they switched to cow bladder blowing-this is the birth of modern football. /kloc-At the beginning of the 20th century, there was a football match in England. Competition is an entertainment activity, twice a year, usually held between two cities. The host threw the ball into the air and the game began. Both sides will squeeze, shout, kick and hug, and which side can kick the ball to the downtown area of the other side is victory. If the ball rushes into a resident's house halfway, the players will rush in and disturb the kicking method, often smashing things in the house, and the owner has to sigh for his bad luck. Pedestrians on the road will encounter unexpected trouble when they touch the ball. So, at that time, when the game came, people had to avoid disasters and close their doors until the game was over. Such a football match was strongly opposed by the public, and the British government issued a ban: it was stipulated that football matches must be played in open spaces, and those who entered downtown areas would be severely punished, so special football fields appeared. By the beginning of19th century, football was quite popular in some countries in Europe and Latin America at that time, especially in capitalist Britain. 1848, the first written rule of football, Cambridge Rules, was born.

2. If the palace is specially set up, it is defined as a rectangle in the east-west direction, with six symmetrical "bow areas" at each end, also known as "bow rooms", each guarded by one person. There is a fence around the construction site. The game is divided into two teams, each with its own offense and defense, and the outcome is determined by the number of kicks into the opponent's bow room. After the initial popularity in the Han Dynasty, cuju activities reached a climax in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and even the kicking method according to the position on the field appeared. Cuju has taken many forms in the Tang Dynasty, such as "bowing" based on the number of times of heading the ball, "beating in vain" in the center of the court, "jumping the bow" in which many people participate in fighting, and the game of setting up the goal. In this way, each team has a certain number of people and a fixed position, and it is stipulated that players can only play in their own positions and cannot move. At the same time, cuju and Buddhism spread to Japan, and the usage of calling football cuju can still be seen in Japanese and Korean, influenced by China. The Southern Song Dynasty's "Old Wulin Story" once listed the names and positions of the two teams in the "Thirty-two People" competition: "There are sixteen people: Marukou Zhang Jun, Yaoyaoqiu Wanglian, Rentou Zhu Xuan, Zuoji Net, Zhanglin Youji Net, and Three. Sixteen members of the right army: Li Zheng, Zhu Zhen, Zhu Xuan, Zhang Ning, Bin Xu, Wang Yong and Jun Chen. This is considered to be the first football "starting list" in history. From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Cuju experienced a process of development to a climax, but in the Qing Dynasty, this activity declined. It is said that before the Middle Ages, the Greeks and Romans began to play football. On a rectangular court, they put the ball on the white line in the middle and kicked it to the other court with their feet. At that time, they called this game "Baja Storm".

3. The so-called "Cambridge Rules" are some rules formulated by three universities in London, Oxford and Cambridge in the early 9th century. At that time, each team had 1 1 people. At that time, there were ten students and one teacher in each dormitory of the school, so a dormitory-to-dormitory competition was held, with each side 1 1 person. At that time, the current 1 1 football match began. 1862, the world's first football club was established in Nottinghamshire, England. The first Football Association (FA) was established in Britain, which unified the rules of football. People call this day the birth day of modern football. The football rules formulated this time are *** 14, which is the basis of today's football rules. Since 1900 2nd Olympic Games, football has been listed as an official Olympic event, but professional athletes are not allowed to participate. 1904 on may 2 1 day, FIFA was established in Paris. [2] 1904, the football associations of Britain, France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland established the International Football Federation in France. Since 1930, the World Football Championship (also known as the World Cup) has been held every four years, and the restrictions on professional athletes have been lifted. From 65438 to 0989, FIFA officially brought futsal into its management scope and became its governing body. Note: Please refer to the area of five-a-side football field for the rules of five-a-side football competition: the competition field is rectangular, with a length of not more than 120m or less than 90m and a width of not more than 90m or less than 45m (the length of international competition field is not more than 1 10m or less than 100m and the width is not more than 75m or less than in any case. Line drawing: The competition venue should draw clear lines according to the plane drawing, and the width of the lines should not exceed 12 cm, and V-shaped grooves should not be made. The longer two lines are called sideline and the shorter line is called goal line. Draw a line through the stadium in the middle, which is called the center line. The center of the site should be clearly marked, and a circle with this point as the center and 9. 15m as the radius should be drawn, which is called the middle circle. At every corner of the site, a flat-topped flagpole with a height of not less than 1.50m should be erected, and a small flag should be tied to it. Similar flags and flagpoles can be erected at least outside the center line on both sides of the site: meters away. Goal area: Draw a line with a length of 5.50 meters perpendicular to the goal line on the goal line at both ends of the competition field, with one end connected to the goal line and the other end drawing a line parallel to the goal line. The area within these three lines and the goal line is called the goal area.