Peat is the product of several years of life cycles of moss, reeds and other materials in swamps. It is the coal with the lowest degree of coalification.

Peat soil is an ideal substrate for growing flowers. Using peat soil to grow flowers can effectively reduce problems such as substrate diseases and insect pests, hardening, and poor water retention. Peat soil is also responsible for the legendary secret recipe of all-purpose soil. Peat soil + perlite + vermiculite = all-purpose soil! Perlite is breathable, but it has enough breathability but not enough water retention, so vermiculite is added to help with water retention.

There are three main types of imported peat soil, German Dahan peat soil, Danish Pinshi and Canadian Fafa. The male has a high sex ratio, the Danish Pinshi is suitable for potted plants, and the Fafa is suitable for raising seedlings.

According to the different thicknesses of various peat soil fibers, German Dahan has divided the model into:

413 peat soil has a finer specification of 0-5mm, which is used for sowing and raising seedlings.

The specifications of 876 and 413 are the same, the difference is that 876 contains fertilizer and 413 does not contain fertilizer.

The maximum size of 422 peat soil particles is 0-25mm, which is used for planting succulents and other small potted plants. It is a general-purpose planting soil.

085 peat soil is an upgraded version of 422 peat soil. It adds a small amount of starting fertilizer and 5-15 lump peat. It has better air permeability than 422. It is used for succulent planting and other small potted plants. It is a general-purpose planting soil. .

414 fiber is longer and has a specification of 0-70mm. It is suitable for planting large green plants such as roses and clematis as well as trees.

604 peat soil is an upgraded version of 414, with a special addition of trace amounts of starting fertilizer. The fiber is longer, with a size of 0-70mm, and is suitable for planting large green plants such as roses and clematis, as well as trees.

The size of 520 peat soil is 10-25mm, which is suitable for medium-sized green plants, shrubs, and trees. It is also suitable for succulent plants. It has more fiber content and better air permeability.

Taobao price: 195 yuan for a whole pack of 200 liters

Danish Pinshi screens peat into 0-5mm, 0-10mm, 0-20mm, 0-35mm, 0-40mm, 5-20mm, 5-40mm, 20-40mm, larger than 40mm and other ten types. Different peats are used according to different stages. Moreover, Pinshi adds a large number of elements and trace elements, and some bases also add clay, moisturizers, etc.

Taobao price: 333 yuan for 10-30mm package of 300 liters

Vermiculite is a natural, non-toxic mineral that expands under high temperature.

Whether to use vermiculite or perlite for growing flowers, in fact, the effects of both are similar. The biggest feature of perlite is that it has good air permeability and drainage capacity, but its water-holding capacity is very average. As for vermiculite, it is an alkaline stone, so it is better to use it together with vegetation and soil.

Taobao price: 5L 15 yuan

Perlite is a kind of rock formed by volcanic eruptions. Its shape has obvious crack structure. Its biggest feature is that it has better ventilation. The water-holding capacity is average. Generally, during the process of cultivating plants, if water is absorbed, it will expand and the water inside will flow easily, so its drainage capacity is very strong.

Although perlite is not as absorbent as vermiculite, when there is water in the lower layer, perlite can absorb the water from the lower layer into the entire basin through the conduction of moisture between particles, and maintain considerable ventilation. permeability. Its water content can fully meet the needs of plant roots. Therefore, when cultivating some flowers that require strict water-to-air ratios, it is better to use perlite than vermiculite.

It is the best choice to cultivate some camellias, gardenias, succulents and other plants, especially succulents. The effect of choosing perlite is better than that of vermiculite. The moisture contained in it can meet the needs of plant growth.

Taobao price: 15 yuan for 5 pounds

Coconut peat is processed from coconut shell fiber. Although coconut bran has strong water retention properties, it has no nutrients, so it is not recommended to use whole coconut bran to grow plants (if whole coconut bran is used, organic fertilizer must be used as a base fertilizer, and then topdressed regularly). It can be mixed with peat soil, perlite, etc. Coconut bran is easy to compress and is often made into square bricks, so it is also called coconut bricks. When using it, you need to soak it in water first. One brick can soak a large pot. If you soak too much at one time, you need to dry it in the sun and bag it for storage, otherwise it will become moldy.

The seedling cultivation substrate requires loose soil, good air permeability, and water and fertilizer retention.

Commonly used substrates include peat soil, perlite, and vermiculite. The standard is 85% peat soil, + 10% perlite + 5% vermiculite. The peat should not be too fine. The diameter of perlite particles is 3-4 mm, and the diameter of vermiculite particles is 3-5 mm. Remember to put any fertilizer when raising seedlings.