Take care of it yourself! It was so hard to find it, I don’t know if it’s possible.

With China's accession to the WTO, our country's economy has become part of the world economy. The logistics industry will occupy an increasingly important position in the modern economy. It will become an important industry and new industry in China's economic development. economic growth point. As an advanced organizational method and management technology, the modern logistics industry is the "third source of profit" for enterprises to reduce material consumption, improve labor productivity, and promote economic growth. The logistics industry has formed an independent industry internationally and has been widely used and developed in industry, commerce, transportation, and military logistics. In recent years, with the further improvement of my country's market economy, the logistics industry has developed rapidly in our country, and a new industry is gradually taking shape. However, due to the long-term closed operation of the business community, my country's logistics industry is basically still in its infancy, with backward logistics infrastructure, low levels of logistics management and logistics services, poor efficiency, and high costs. Many companies still do not know much about modern logistics ideas and technologies. few. The construction of logistics parks is a new trend in the development of modern logistics industry. A logistics park is a place where one or more logistics (distribution) centers are spatially concentrated. It is a logistics gathering point with a certain scale and comprehensive service functions. Logistics parks are professional parks that bring together many logistics companies to implement professional and large-scale operations, give full play to the overall advantages of logistics companies, promote the improvement of logistics technology and service levels, enjoy relevant facilities, and reduce operating costs. , improving economies of scale will play an important role. 3.1.2.2 Industry Characteristics Logistics park planning is a systematic project. The scope of logistics activities is vast, including urban, regional, national and transnational activities; the logistics process is complex and must go through warehousing, transportation, distribution, packaging, loading and unloading, circulation processing, information processing and other links; logistics It covers a wide range of areas, including industry, agriculture, commerce, railways, transportation, aviation, information, urban planning and other departments. In this case, it is necessary to coordinate with all parties to plan the logistics park, otherwise it will affect the efficiency improvement and performance of the logistics park. Logistics parks mainly provide services for the circulation of goods. Therefore, the construction of logistics parks requires careful investigation, analysis and prediction of the development of domestic and foreign markets and cargo circulation based on macroeconomics. Based on the long-term and near-term cargo circulation, Determine the long-term and short-term construction scale of the logistics park. At the same time, the distribution and development status of logistics enterprises, transportation facilities, etc. must also be investigated. On the basis of fully grasping first-hand materials, we should do a good job in planning the logistics park. 3.1.2.3 Related industries There are many related industries in the logistics park, including mainly parties related to the circulation of goods, production companies, commercial companies and logistics companies, as well as infrastructure industries, transportation, information transmission control, logistics machinery and equipment, etc. There are relevant government functional departments, such as industry and commerce, taxation, land management, customs, environmental protection, etc. 3.1.2.4 Market status of the industry Logistics parks, also known as logistics bases, logistics groups or logistics centers, first appeared in Tokyo, Japan. According to incomplete statistics, there are currently less than 100 logistics parks in the world. Among them, Japan has built 20 logistics parks since 1965; the Netherlands has 14 logistics parks; South Korea has established 2 logistics parks in "Fuge" and "Liangshan"; Taiwan recently established a large logistics park in Kaohsiung; Germany "Bremen" "The freight center covers an area of ??more than thousands of acres. In addition, the United Kingdom, Belgium, Canada, France, Mexico, etc. have successively established logistics parks and freight distribution centers. At the beginning of the new century, China established the important position of the modern logistics industry. Before that, there were no real logistics parks in the country, and the modern logistics industry was still in its infancy. With the rapid development of China's economy, the efficiency of the circulation of goods has attracted more and more attention from all parties, and the modern logistics industry will have great potential. Whether it is logistics services.

1. China’s circulation industry is at the starting point of industrialization development

Since my country implemented the reform and opening up policy, the scale of commodity circulation has continued to expand, and the total retail sales of consumer goods have increased by an average of 15.3% every year. . In 1999, the total retail sales of goods reached 3.1135 billion yuan, an increase of 17.3 times compared with 1979. The expansion of the scale of commodity circulation has led to the rapid development of the circulation industry itself and related industries, and has become the main body of the tertiary industry.

First of all, the degree of marketization has been greatly improved.

A circulation pattern in which multiple economic components, multiple operating methods, and multiple channels coexist has been formed; commodity prices have been basically liberalized, and the fundamental role of the market in resource allocation and price formation has been significantly enhanced; market transactions have become more transparent, open, and fair With continuous improvement, market competition is becoming increasingly fierce.

Second, the degree of social organization has improved. First, the wave of chain operations is in the ascendant. my country began to introduce this form of business organization in the early 1990s, and has since rapidly evolved into the main form of modern business development. According to incomplete statistics, by the end of 1999, there were more than 1,000 chain operation organizations and more than 20,000 branches in my country, with annual sales of more than 100 billion yuan, accounting for approximately 5% of the total retail sales of goods in society. At the same time, my country's commodity wholesale market system has initially taken shape and has become an important commodity circulation channel. According to a rapid survey jointly carried out by the State Economic and Trade Commission and the National Bureau of Statistics in 1999, as of the end of June 1999, there were nearly 60,000 spot commodity trading markets (including wholesale and retail trading markets) in my country. In 1998, the total turnover of the national commodity trading markets was 2.10868 billion yuan, equivalent to 72.3% of the total retail sales of consumer goods and 26.5% of the gross domestic product that year. There are about 9,000 commodity wholesale markets across the country, accounting for about 80% of the commodity trading market turnover during the same period. A number of key backbone markets with large scale, strong radiating function and driving role have been formed across the country. In addition, circulation entities are developing towards groupization and scale, and their competitiveness is improving year by year. At present, a large number of various commercial and trading groups have emerged in our country. In addition to traditional wholesale traders, a group of manufacturers represented by Haier and Lenovo have also directly entered the circulation field, built their own marketing networks and sales systems, and implemented integrated industry and trade operations. , becoming an important circulation subject. Various market intermediary organizations have gradually developed, and institutions such as brokerage companies, express delivery companies, customs declaration service companies, accounting firms, and audit firms have continued to emerge, improving the professionalization and organization of commodity circulation.

Third, the opening up of the circulation industry has accelerated. In 1992, the Chinese government implemented a pilot program of opening up to the outside world in the commercial field. So far, more than 300 foreign companies have entered the Chinese market in various forms such as joint ventures and cooperation. Some large multinational commercial groups such as Wal-Mart, Metro, and Carrefour have successively landed in the country, and various new business forms, business formats, and operating methods have been adopted, including supermarkets, convenience stores, specialty stores, warehouse-style and membership-based hypermarkets. The extensive entry of foreign-invested businesses marks that China's commodity circulation industry has begun to integrate into the international market. Foreign-funded enterprises not only bring advanced business concepts and management technologies, promote the organization level and management level of the domestic circulation industry, but also bring fierce competition. Due to the fierce market competition, the life cycle of various business formats has been significantly shortened, which makes the current development of China's circulation industry have obvious leaps and rapid expansion.

Fourth, the modernization of circulation has begun. Mainly due to the continuous development of the scale and construction of commercial facility investment, various commodity trading markets, distribution centers, logistics centers, processing, storage and transportation centers have been established one after another, and their role in circulation has begun to appear. The construction of the logistics system is driving the traditional warehousing industry to modern logistics. develop. The adoption of new management technologies and management methods has improved the automation of circulation operations and the informatization level of management. Modern information processing methods such as electronic computers, barcodes, and POS systems are gradually adopted. The circulation industry has gradually shifted from traditional manual operations, counter sales, and empirical management to specialized division of labor and large-scale operations, and the capital and technical content of the industry have increased. Shenzhen, Shanghai, Tianjin and other places have started to establish logistics bases and formed new industrial advantages through planning and multi-channel investment.

2. Accelerating the industrialization of commodity circulation is of great significance to the realization of my country’s economic growth goals

In the past 20 years, China’s economy has grown at an average annual rate of 9.7%, with a per capita The national income increased from US$250 to nearly US$800, and 140 million laborers were transferred from the primary industry to the secondary and tertiary industries. Industrialization has reached a new level. However, as the most populous developing country in the world, we are still in the middle stage of industrialization, and the industrialization process is far from complete. To promote my country's industrialization and achieve the next economic growth goals, we must accelerate the process of industrialization of circulation.

First of all, the industrialization of circulation is an important content and prerequisite for realizing industrialization. Judging from the history of developed countries in the world, when industrialization reaches a certain level, they have all gone through a stage of circulation modernization.

For example, Japan successively launched three five-year plans for circulation modernization in the 1960s, aiming to support and promote the further development of industrialization. South Korea also followed this approach in the 1970s and 1980s, and greatly improved the level of circulation industrialization, laying the foundation for It has made positive contributions to enhancing the competitiveness of the country's economy and implementing an export-oriented development strategy. Looking at my country's situation, although there is still a large gap between the level of industrialization development and developed countries in the world, in comparison, the level of circulation industrialization lags behind the upgrading and structural adjustment of the manufacturing industry, which has become a constraint on the improvement of my country's industrial competitiveness. One of the main factors. The circulation facilities, management methods, and business organization methods are basically the same as before. The problems of decentralized operations, backward management, high circulation costs, low efficiency, and poor service levels have not been fundamentally solved. Take logistics costs as an example. According to relevant statistics, the annual logistics costs in the United States are US$800 billion, accounting for 11% of the gross national product. The logistics costs in Germany account for about 10% of the GDP, and in China it is 30%. This has greatly affected the competitiveness of my country's manufacturing industry.

Second, judging from my country’s current economic development, the commodity circulation industry is the main body of the tertiary industry and an important driving force for its development. In the post-industrialization period, the accelerated development of the tertiary industry has become an inevitable trend in the development and evolution of the industrial structure, and the first development of the circulation industry can drive the tertiary industry.

3. The industrialization of circulation is a major measure to respond to the challenges of economic globalization

In the coming period, economic globalization will present the following new characteristics: First, transnational The company has broken through the constraints of antitrust laws, and the scale of global mergers and acquisitions continues to expand and will involve more fields. Second, the network economy will drive the continued expansion of global service markets such as telecommunications, banking, insurance, and transportation, and has formed an international financial transaction network that is continuous in time and linked to each other in price. Third, multilateral organizations such as the WTO, international policy coordination groups and regional economic organizations will play an increasingly important role in promoting economic globalization through global and intra-regional trade and investment liberalization arrangements. Facing the new development trend of economic globalization, it is extremely urgent to accelerate the development of China's circulation industrialization.

First, the dominant position of traditional industries provides broad development space for the development of the circulation industry. Based on my country's reality, traditional industries still have broad market demand and are still an important pillar of my country's comprehensive economic strength. For a considerable period of time, abundant and high-quality labor resources have been my country's greatest comparative advantage. In the entire international division of labor, China is gradually becoming a world-wide production base for many industrial products and a processing base for multinational companies. China is becoming one of the world's major producers. How to use high and new technologies to transform traditional industries and how to transform a large industrial country into an economic power are the tasks we face. In the process of my country's economic growth, the largest market will still be traditional industries, which objectively creates a broad development space for the development of the commodity circulation industry, and also puts forward industrialization requirements for it. Building a global network of business flows and logistics requires not only supporting infrastructure, but also the updating of management technology and management methods, making the industrialization of circulation imperative.

Second, the industrialization of circulation is the key to improving the competitiveness of traditional industries. Circulation industrialization has two meanings, namely lower circulation costs and higher value-added services. The core is to enhance the market competitiveness of products. From the perspective of the manufacturing industry, for a long time, under the traditional system, my country has implemented a management system that separated production and marketing, and separated domestic and foreign trade. This is not only contrary to the development trend of the modern circulation industry, but also has become a major flaw and inherent shortcoming in the development of my country's processing manufacturing industry. Under buyer's market conditions, the restrictive effect of circulation on production is becoming more and more obvious. The gap between my country and the world in the field of distribution services is much larger than the gap in production technology. However, due to the protection of the domestic market in this field, the contradiction has not been fully exposed.

Distribution service is actually another term for modern commodity circulation.

Distribution services not only provide goods, but more importantly, provide services. The content of services covers the entire process of circulation. In modern economic life, distribution services have become one of the main sources of product value-added, with its proportion showing an increasing trend, and distribution services have increasingly become an important means of industrial competition.

One of the important competitive strategies currently adopted by international multinational companies is to expand market share and improve product competitiveness by providing various services in the sales process, making it difficult for customers to leave the supplier, and at the same time making it difficult for new competitors to enter the field. From this point of view, in the future industrial competition, distribution services in the field of commodity circulation will be a crucial link. Whoever controls the distribution channels through leading technology and network business routes will be able to control the competition. confidence in the victory. After China joins the WTO, contradictions and problems in this area will become more prominent. Service competition has become an important part of industrial competition, and service value-added is also an important source of profits for the industry. Facing the new international division of labor and global competition in the manufacturing industry, in order to enhance the overall strength of our country's economy, in addition to continuing to introduce technology and improve management, we must also work hard on the industrialization of circulation.

Thirdly, looking at the field of business and trade services, my country's traditional commerce faces severe challenges from business globalization in the initial stage of modernization. At present, my country's traditional trading enterprises still basically carry out business activities within a relatively closed and narrow market scope. The business scale is small, the business method is single, the degree of organization is low, the market's adaptability is poor, and the circulation facilities and technical means are relatively backward. In particular, the organization and service capabilities of production are weak. According to modern commodity circulation standards, it is generally still in the traditional commercial stage. After China joins the WTO, both traditional retail and wholesale services and manufacturing distribution service activities will face competition from the international circulation industry. Even the domestic market has become a stage for international competition. In competing with multinational companies and foreign enterprises, there is only one standard for winners and losers: maximizing circulation efficiency and minimizing circulation costs. Faced with such a market environment, China's circulation industry must accelerate its industrial modernization process. This is China's only choice when facing the development trend of global economic integration.

4. Establish a catch-up development strategic goal

E-commerce has created opportunities and possibilities for realizing the leap-forward development of the circulation industry. First, e-commerce has changed the growth model of enterprises. In the traditional business model, circulation efficiency and competitive advantage mainly depend on business scale and management technology, and scale and technology mainly depend on the competition of capital strength. The information economy and network economy on which e-commerce relies have broken the The core of the law of economic growth in the past was to realize the replacement of atoms by bits to a large extent, that is, digital transmission replaced a considerable part of the traditional material movement and information exchange methods, replacing the large amount of time and transaction costs that people had to spend face to face. of communication. The time saving and effective use of e-commerce have changed the traditional economic growth laws and business operation methods. Virtual enterprises can build their own network empire with less funds. The myth of economies of scale has been broken, and small and medium-sized enterprises can still compete with e-commerce. Big companies compete on an equal footing.

Second, the circulation service industry has a head start. Judging from the characteristics of the commodity circulation industry itself, there are mostly service industries and small and medium-sized enterprises, most of which are labor-intensive industries. The proportion of labor costs and service costs in the entire business activities is significantly larger than that of other industries. E-commerce has fundamentally changed the way sales activities are carried out. Enterprises do not need to construct physical shopping malls to achieve their sales, and manufacturers do not necessarily have to go through a series of intermediate links to sell products, which can greatly save manpower and material resources in circulation. At the same time, it can also greatly improve the efficiency and quality of services. The adoption of new management methods and operating methods is undoubtedly more competitive than traditional circulation methods.

Due to the major technological changes in the mode of circulation and the continuous expansion of the e-commerce field, countries with relatively backward development do not need to follow others step by step in the process of industrialization of circulation and follow the steps they have taken. Instead, we can choose a higher starting point, use new technological means and enterprise models to catch up with developed countries, and achieve leapfrog development. Judging from the existing domestic e-commerce practices, the circulation industry is fully capable and possible to achieve such development. In terms of civil aviation ticketing and tourism service website systems, our country started almost at the same time as developed countries in the world, and the levels are basically similar. The smooth start of e-commerce in these service fields provides a reference for the commodity circulation industry to choose a high starting point and a leap-forward development model. , which also shows that it is entirely possible to catch up.

Finally, it needs to be emphasized that there are conditions for achieving leapfrog development. While catching up, we must step up make-up lessons to create conditions for catching up.

The development of business globalization and e-commerce is both a challenge and an opportunity for the modernization of my country's commodity circulation industry. We must strive to use 5 to 10 years to accelerate the construction of the market system and the development of national information infrastructure, and narrow the scope of my country's supply system. And technical environment The circulation industry uses the gap between the external environment and basic conditions of e-commerce and the international level to provide an institutional and technical environment for traditional businesses to improve distribution service levels and market competitiveness.

Research on the International Logistics Development Strategy of my country’s Bonded Zones

From the State Council’s approval of the establishment of the first bonded zone in May 1990 to now, my country has built Shanghai Waigaoqiao, Tianjin Port, Shenzhen Futian , Shatoujiao and Yantian Port, Dalian, Guangzhou, Zhangjiagang, Haikou, Xiamen Xiangyu, Fuzhou, Ningbo, Qingdao, Shantou, Zhuhai and other 15 bonded zones. Over the past ten years, the bonded warehousing, re-export trade, and commodity display functions of the 15 bonded zones across the country have developed to varying degrees, and have established a certain scale of international logistics foundation.

As of the end of 2001, 13,180 foreign-invested enterprises had been registered in the bonded zone, with a total investment of more than 17 billion US dollars. These investments came from more than 80 countries and regions around the world. The internationalization of capital has laid the foundation for the internationalization of logistics. In fact, after several years of exploration and practice, international logistics in my country's major bonded zones has indeed achieved considerable development.

1. Starting to take shape and full of vitality

Shanghai Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone is the largest and most powerful bonded zone in my country. Its GDI industrial output value, transportation volume, profits and taxes and other economic indicators It is larger than the total of the other 14 bonded zones in China. Shanghai Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone takes advantage of its comprehensive advantages in geographical location (port integration), policy environment, industrial scale, infrastructure and other aspects to vigorously expand its logistics distribution function by establishing a cargo distribution center.

Japan's Canon, Panasonic, Minolta, JVC, the United States' General Electric, Polaroid, and Xerox; Germany's Admiralty-Moeller, etc. have all set up distribution centers here. At present, nearly 70 powerful multinational companies have entered the Shanghai Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone, and distribution and procurement activities for the domestic market have developed very rapidly. In 2001 alone, the logistics distribution amount of the Shanghai Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone reached 60.1 billion yuan.

At present, Waigaoqiao has formed a logistics industry that combines shipping and air transportation, bonded logistics and non-bonded logistics, out-of-area logistics and in-area logistics, and self-operated logistics and outsourced logistics. It is reported that the construction of Waigaoqiao Logistics Base adopts a strategy of two-wing expansion and comprehensive advancement. The North District, relying on the Waigaoqiao Port Area, focuses on the development of maritime logistics and expands a modern international logistics park with a radius of 1.2 square kilometers to provide Chinese and foreign logistics companies with an all-round solution for rapid container consolidation, transfer, sorting, and distribution. Efficient service platform; South District, supported by the high-tech product export processing industry of multinational companies in the park, and relying on Pudong International Airport to develop air transport logistics. Now, the Waigaoqiao area has become an important shipping and logistics hub in Shanghai. At present, there are 9 international liner trunk lines and more than 20 branch lines connected to Waigaoqiao. The top 20 shipping groups in the world have successively entered the port area, and among them, there are more than 600 logistics companies in the bonded area.

Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone is the only bonded zone located in a port area in the country. This is relatively close to the international free port zone and is extremely beneficial to the formation of a bonded warehousing and goods distribution center. Since 1994, the Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone has learned from the development experience of the free trade zone, determined the development positioning and target model of the "International Logistics Operation Zone", and proposed "international trade as the guide, logistics as the basis, and warehousing and processing as the basis." , the development policy of "connected with bonded production materials".

In recent years, the Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone has cultivated and developed a number of key enterprises such as Tianjin Port Commercial Bonded Warehouse, Huatie Longjintai, and Tianbao International Logistics, attracting Japanese companies such as Utoku, Okaya, Toyota, and Panasonic. It also cooperates with a number of world-renowned logistics companies such as Sea-Land and Caterpillar to engage in logistics operations. A modern logistics enterprise cluster has been formed with well-known domestic and foreign logistics enterprises such as CBW, Huatielong Jintai, Zhongqing Tengfa, Zhenhua, Tieyu, Ganggu, and Seth Ruitai as the backbone.

In addition, the Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone has successively established a comprehensive international commodity market and a number of specialized bonded production data markets such as international automobiles, machinery, textile raw materials, and building materials. The Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone has become a market for automobiles, agricultural films, lubrication Distribution and distribution base for oil, edible oil, wool, electronic products, modern household products and other products.

The international logistics industry in Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone has grown steadily and has rapidly grown into the most dynamic international trade logistics zone in the north.

The Guangzhou Free Trade Zone is located in the center of the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong. As the economic center and transportation hub of South China, Guangzhou is the most active area for foreign investment and one of the areas with the most intensive foreign-invested processing and manufacturing industries in the world.

So far, the Guangzhou Free Trade Zone has planned an area of ??2 square kilometers, divided into two areas: One area is the Computer Industrial City, which specializes in providing services for the import and export of computer products and has been designated as a key construction project by the province and city. ; The other area is the logistics and trade area, covering an area of ??approximately 1 cubic kilometer, with warehousing, transportation, customs declaration, terminals, and agency services, including 340,000 square meters of special refrigeration and constant temperature warehouses; one terminal with an annual throughput of 100 million tons; it has a number of Chinese and foreign logistics enterprises with comprehensive modern logistics management and service capabilities. These include imported automobiles and spare parts distribution center, South China imported paper distribution center, Pearl River Delta processing trade enterprise materials and product logistics center, chemical materials distribution center, international air cargo logistics center, steel and non-ferrous metals distribution center, gold and silver jewelry processing Special materials and parts logistics center, international freight forwarding and other projects; strive to build the bonded area into an international logistics center in South China and become an important part of the logistics system of Guangzhou and Guangdong Province.

It can be seen from the practice of the above bonded zones that unified and efficient institutional and management advantages have promoted the rapid development of the international logistics industry. The external infrastructure conditions required for the development of the bonded zone logistics industry have also been basically formed. International logistics The service network has initially established a good market foundation. The development of the logistics industry in the bonded zone is moving from the initial stage to a new stage of functional improvement and accelerated development.

2. Coordinated development of both internal and external development

At the same time, we should also see the problems existing in the bonded zone in the development process of the logistics industry. These problems have hindered the further development of international logistics in the bonded zone. development, affecting the full play of international logistics functions in my country's bonded zones.

From the perspective of the bonded area, there are internal problems:

First, the demand for logistics business is small and has not yet reached the requirements of economies of scale. The development prospects of the logistics industry in the bonded zone fundamentally depend on the current situation and future of the logistics enterprises in the bonded zone. The key to the survival and development of the logistics enterprises in the bonded zone is to form a logistics volume with scale benefits. Due to various factors, the current logistics volume in each bonded area has not yet reached the requirements of scale efficiency, and the business volume of the existing major logistics enterprises in the bonded area is still not full. This situation exists to a large extent not because industrial and commercial enterprises and multinational companies themselves lack demand for bonded zone logistics, but because the professional level, supply capacity, operation quality and competitiveness of bonded zone logistics enterprises do not have obvious advantages. Advantages. Li Xuehai, chairman of Witt Group, one of the largest logistics and warehousing companies in the United States, once said bluntly: "The reason why foreign businessmen have not entered the Chinese logistics market on a large scale is mainly because the development of China's logistics industry is still relatively imperfect. People have not yet figured out what is going on. It’s logistics, what kind of logistics is valuable? China’s logistics companies also have the weaknesses of chaotic business projects and low professionalism. At the same time, China’s logistics system lacks a credit guarantee mechanism.”

Secondly, logistics. The level of service needs to be further improved. At present, although the Free Trade Zone Management Committee and its affiliated institutions have done a lot of work in providing services to enterprises in the zone, overall, there are still certain problems in logistics-related services and need to be further improved. The lagging behind in the construction of the bonded zone logistics service system will greatly restrict the development of the international logistics industry in my country's bonded zones.

Third, the logistics network inside and outside the bonded area lacks effective connection. In the process of attracting new logistics companies to enter the bonded area, most bonded areas have not paid attention to the well-connected logistics network within the bonded area, the logistics network outside the area, and the logistics network in the hinterland, and established a close collaborative relationship.

Fourth, the facilities in the bonded area still cannot meet the needs of international logistics development. For example, the comprehensive logistics system with a complete logistics information platform required by the modern logistics industry has not yet been well formed.

At the same time, from the outside of the bonded zone, there are also some constraints:

First, because the relevant departments’ understanding of the bonded zone and policy provisions are not completely consistent, the policy advantages of the bonded zone In fact, it has not been fully implemented, which will inevitably affect the development of the logistics industry in the bonded zone.

Second, logistics operations involve several industry sectors such as transportation, postal and telecommunications, commercial supplies, and foreign trade. The operation of bonded logistics also involves customs and foreign exchange management departments. Due to the lag in management system reform, , the situation of departmental segmentation, segmentation, and lack of separation between government and enterprises still exists. A management system suitable for the development of the logistics industry has not yet been established, and the development of the logistics industry has been restricted.

Third, the construction of the customs supervision system lags behind.

First of all, the customs management legal system is not perfect. Some outdated regulations have not been repealed in time; some regulations that are being implemented are not transparent enough.

Secondly, customs clearance efficiency is not high. For the inspection and release of imported goods for general trade, the customs' current practice is to pay taxes first and then release them. Declaration, inspection, taxation and other procedures are all completed at the port site. The import and export of a large number of goods affects the passage of the port, forming a "port bottleneck."

Thirdly, customs clearance procedures are complicated and customs functions and management are unclear, which affects work efficiency.

Fourth, there is no integrated linkage between the bonded zone and the port. Most of the import and export goods in most bonded zones in my country need to pass through ports. The development of international logistics functions in bonded zones is obviously inseparable from the support and cooperation of ports. But currently, since the bonded zone and the port are two independent departments, although the two currently maintain a good cooperation and collaboration relationship to a certain extent, the comprehensive benefits are still not as high as the efficiency of integration.

3. Strategic measures for further development

1. Build and improve the international logistics highway with the multimodal transport system as the core

International multimodal transport system It refers to the flexible use of the safety, punctuality, large quantity, high speed, comfort and other characteristics of various forms of transportation in international transportation, and comprehensive organization into the most effective and most suitable comprehensive logistics transportation system for transportation needs, that is, a carrier is responsible for Comprehensive and integrated multiple transportation methods to achieve "door-to-door" transportation with the best service, fastest speed, and most competitive price.

This comprehensive transportation method can not only expand transportation capacity more effectively, but also promote the improvement of the overall economic benefits of transportation. The development of international multimodal transport is not only the development direction of the transportation industry itself, but also the highway of international logistics. The bonded zone has the conditions to build an international logistics multimodal transport system, which is an important support for the development of international logistics in the bonded zone. Therefore, it is necessary to actively build the infrastructure for international logistics operations and form a convenient transportation network.

For example, the Tianjin Port Free Trade Zone should be able to actively promote and improve the operation of the airport logistics area on the basis of a land, sea, and sea-rail multimodal transport system with Tianjin Port as the leader, so as to realize multimodal transport by sea, land, and air. system. The Shenzhen Free Trade Zone can rely on its rich coastal port resources to develop an intermodal transport system with ocean international transport as the leader and sea-rail combined transport as the main mode, and drive the development of other modes of transport, especially making full use of the transport capacity of the Beijing-Kowloon and Beijing-Guangzhou Railways and Guangdong The relatively developed road network in the region, the connection between sea and land, and the construction of small land bridges have increased the total volume of transit freight and promoted the development of the inland economy. The bonded zone must be connected with the overall development of the region and with the construction of major ports. It must create supporting conditions of "nine connections, one level and one enclosure", and build internationally advanced power supply, water supply and drainage, sewage treatment, communications, heating, The refrigeration system creates a good international business environment for multimodal transport companies entering the zone.

2. Establish an international logistics information trading system

With the advancement of international logistics informatization, the bonded zone must speed up the establishment of an international logistics information trading system to ensure round-the-clock communication with the international Internet. To meet the needs of international logistics operations. Specifically, the bonded zone international logistics information trading system should include:

(1) Bonded zone international logistics information, that is, the type, price, quantity, performance, and estimated entry time of goods entering and leaving the zone; Source or destination.

(2) International logistics commodity display information in the bonded area, that is, the types, prices, quality, and quantity of commodities displayed in the entry and exit areas; supplier information and availability of commodities displayed in the import and export areas; commodity display in the entry and exit areas Space utilization information.

(3) Market information on the adjustment of surplus and shortage commodities in international logistics in the bonded zone, that is, adjustment market information on short-term surplus and shortage commodities in import and export; information on the disposal of medium and long-term stranded commodities in import and export.

(4) International logistics processing information in the bonded area, including information on processing enterprises in the area, information on goods processed out of the area, etc.

(5) International logistics and warehousing information in the bonded zone, that is, commodity storage conditions and facility information in and out of the zone; commodity warehousing facility occupancy information in and out of the zone (warehouses, cargo yards, shelves and expected turnover time); available commodity warehousing in and out of the zone Spatial information (warehouse, yard, racking and expected turnaround time).

(6) The international logistics financial system of the bonded zone, that is, the international logistics settlement system (online banking); capital market (short-term fund lending); capital market (medium and long-term fund credit); foreign exchange market (adjustment of foreign exchange surplus and deficit) ; Insurance market.

Research on the International Logistics Development Strategy of my country’s Free Trade Zones From: Free Graduation Thesis Network