The secret of strange springs lies in

There are many springs in nature. They are not famous because of their large quantity and good quality, but they are charming because they have some special meaning or special purpose.

Jinxian Spring

Jinxian Spring is located on the northeast side of Baotu Spring, and is also recorded in "Poems of Seventy-Two Springs" of the Ming Dynasty and "Records of the Seventy-Two Springs" of the Qing Dynasty. The spring pool is built of stone and square. On the north wall of the pool, there is a rectangular stone engraved with the four characters "Laojinxianquan" in official script, written by Li Zhongyu, former chairman of the contemporary Jinan Calligraphers Association. The spring water in the pool is clear, with green algae floating and gold fish swimming in it.

This spring is a famous strange spring in Jinan. When the water is strong, the spring water flows from both sides of the bottom of the pool with equal flow. Sometimes a water line forms on the surface of the spring pool in the north-south direction, floating and moving, appearing and disappearing. When the sun shines, it sparkles like a swimming golden thread, hence the name. Wu Zeng of the Song Dynasty made an early record of the old Jinxian Spring in "Neng Gaizhai Man Lu". He wrote about the Jinxian Spring: "There is a line of gold threads in the north and south of the center of the pool, hiding the water surface." Zeng Gong's "Golden Thread Spring" The poem goes: "The jade is always floating and fresh, the golden threads are not sure about the road to the south spring, the clouds are cluttered by the beautiful algae, and the moon shines on the soul."

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the golden threads were still visible. Later, the water surface shrank, the water power weakened, and the pool was built with stones, so the golden thread was no longer common.

When the park was expanded in 1956, gold threads also appeared in a small pond with carved stone railings about 20 meters east of the old Golden Thread Spring, so the spring was called "Golden Thread Spring" and named "Gold Thread Spring". In the ninth year of Tongzhi (1870), the three-character stone carving "Jinxian Spring" inscribed by Ding Yanchen from Wuxing was moved and embedded on the east wall of the spring, and the original Jinxian Spring was called "Old Jinxian Spring". The reason why the golden thread appears in this spring is similar to that of the old golden thread spring.

Poison Spring

Poison Spring is located in Tengchong, Yunnan, and its name is Cheque Spring. It is said that Zhuge Liang led his army to "cross Shanghai in May and penetrate deep into the barren land". The soldiers were tired all the way and their mouths were dry and their tongues were burnt. When they saw a spring water exposed by the roadside, the water was clear and had no peculiar smell, so they bowed their heads and drank from the spring. , unfortunately died, causing a tragedy. Since then, later generations have called it: "Poison Spring". A long time after the incident, people saw the poisonous spring and were doubtful, but no one dared to try it. Someone thought of a way to drive down a few ducks, and immediately found that the ducks scratched their feet a few times and stopped moving. Three minutes later, he finally sank and drowned. The poisonous spring was so poisonous!

Hydrogeologists came to Poison Spring and found that the area had the characteristics of a recent volcanic eruption. The location of Poison Spring was related to the volcanic eruption. Water analysis and testing have proven that many toxic volcanic gases, such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen cyanide, etc., contain extremely high sulfur content and are fatal to animals. It is extremely easy to be poisoned in contact with humans and animals.

Spontaneous spring water

When making steamed buns, everyone knows that yeast, alkali, etc. must be added to the flour to steam out soft and delicious steamed buns. Now, there is a natural Spring water is used to knead noodles. It does not require yeast, alkali, etc., but it can still steam delicious steamed buns, so it is called "spontaneous noodle spring water".

This peculiar spring is located near Bian'er Village, Hongqi Township, Ba County, Sichuan, and is exposed at the bottom of the ditch on the north side of the Bian'er River. Villagers within a radius of dozens of miles often come here to drink from the spring and go home to make steamed buns, pancakes and the like, which are very popular.

What is the secret of this "spontaneous spring water"? After Lin Hualing and several other hydrogeological experts went to the field for field investigation, they finally revealed the answer to the mystery. This strange spring comes from a small fault in the local Devonian strata. The water temperature is 17°C and the spring volume is 0.05 liters per second. When the spring water gushes out, strings of bubbles can be seen escaping. The water is colorless, transparent and has no odor. After tasting it, it feels like drinking soda water. It should be carbonated spring water.

Under the influence of high temperature and pressure underground, a large amount of carbon dioxide is dissolved in the water from this spring, so this water is used to mix noodles to make steamed buns. When steamed and heated, the carbon dioxide gas expands due to heat, helping to "ferment" it. Residents have been collecting water here for a long time and have learned from experience that the equipment for collecting water must be tightly sealed, otherwise a large amount of carbon dioxide will escape during transportation. When you get home, you must make the dough as soon as possible and cannot leave it unused for a long time, otherwise it will become ineffective. .

Salt Spring

It is a rare spring in nature. It is located in Wuxi County, at the junction of Sichuan and Hubei provinces, and in Ningchang Town on the west bank of the Daning River.

Salt Spring was originally called White Deer Spring. According to local legend, a ferocious hunter got its name after chasing a white deer here and encountered the spring. Later, when people drank it, they found that the spring water was too salty to be eaten, so they called it Xianquan, or salt spring.

The discovery and utilization of salt springs has a long history. According to historical records: "In the seventh year of Yongping of the Han Dynasty (64 years), the spring was introduced to Wushan and filled with an iron basin (that is, a large iron pot)." What is the purpose of holding salty water in a large iron pot? It is used to boil salt and has been used throughout the ages. According to local county records, during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty (1736-1795), there were 336 fire stoves in the area, which used salty spring water to cook salt. There were a total of 1,081 large iron pots, known as "square stove salt and smoke".

Where does the salty spring come from? Just understand the local geology and you will understand. Sichuan and its adjacent areas were a remnant sea in the Late Triassic more than 200 million years ago. The weather was relatively dry, and evaporation was much greater than precipitation. The salt content of the remnant sea increased accordingly, forming After the sedimentation of rock layers, they are quite rich in brine. Whenever these strata are affected by subsequent crustal movements and fracture, the brine can rise along the cracks and be exposed on the surface, forming a salt (salty) spring. If the pressure-bearing conditions are good, You can also see the spectacle of "snow jetting thousands of feet". It is not surprising that the villagers use brine to boil salt and make huge profits. "Gold travels thousands of miles".

A spring that can predict the weather

This strange spring is located in Gulin Paradise, Sichuan, and is called a karst spring. There are Permian limestone formations around it, so the karst landform is quite impressive. The volume of the spring is quite large, reaching 500 to 1,000 liters per second. The maximum flow can reach 24,500 liters per second, and the minimum flow is only 69 liters. There is a big difference. What is amazing is that the water color is changeable, including light blue, azure, and gray. Blue, emerald green, dark red, orange, brown, mud yellow and other colors. Whenever yellowish-brown appears, rain is forecast. So it is called a spring for weather forecasting.

How did this wonderful natural phenomenon occur? Hydrogeological experts went to check it out and after long-term observations, they finally solved the mystery of this spring that can predict the weather.

It turns out that the process of water color changing from blue to green, and then to yellow is a change process of water chemistry, that is, the change process of sulfate ions from less to more. For example, when it is light blue, its sulfate radicals are 96.104 mg per liter; when it is green, its sulfate radicals are 145.608 mg per liter; when it is brown, its sulfate radicals are 319.054 mg per liter. When there is no rain for a long time, the sulfate radicals in the water The content reaches the highest level and the water color becomes yellowish brown. As the saying goes: If the sky clears for a long time, it will rain. Therefore, when you notice the water color of Huangpao, it is predicted that rain will come.

So, where does the sulfate in water come from? It turns out that the local rock is a Permian limestone layer, with a pyrite layer about 3 to 5 cm thick on the upper part. Many underflows or undercurrents pass through this pyrite layer, dissolving the pyrite and bringing sulfate into the In water, due to the amount of sulfate radicals, the amount of spring water will appear in different colors. Therefore, changes in water color play a role in predicting the weather.

Shouting Spring

On September 6, 1982, a local radio station broadcast a news report saying: A Shouting Spring was discovered in Wanfeng Township, Xinning, Hunan Province. As long as people face a cave, The cave entrance shouted in unison, "Come water!" After a while, water began to flow out of the small cave entrance drop by drop. The flow became louder and faster, making a gurgling sound. Soon, the water gradually decreased until it stopped completely. Then, it shouts again, and flows out again, and so on.

Similar news reports also mentioned that there is a shouting spring at the foot of a horse-shaped mountain in Jiangjiatun, Sanyou Village, Baishi Township, Xing'an, Guangxi. When the sound of people's voices is heard, water columns as thick as the mouth of a bowl will overflow from the four springs. After a few hours, the spring mouth dried up. He shouted again, and the water came back, and so on.

Are there really springs "induced" by sound in nature? Several hydrogeological experts went to check it out with the mood of solving puzzles. It turned out that they were all geysers. In other words, the gush of spring water was at intervals, not continuous, and was not the result of shouting.

Mianming Spring

Mianming Spring is located in the northeastern section of Longmen Mountain in Guangyuan, Sichuan.

The situation is quite similar to a geyser, but contrary to the characteristics of the Shouting Spring, when you throw a stone into the water and make a vibrating sound, the spring water stops flowing, just like a shy girl. And when it calmed down, the spring water flowed out again, and the amount of water also increased. If it vibrates again, the spring water will "retract" again.

Why does such a strange phenomenon occur? After expert investigation, it was determined that the spring water here flows out from small pores and is controlled by capillary phenomena. When vibrating, a pressure will be generated that will quickly push back the spring water that is about to flow out; after a while, the rocks and soil will The capillary phenomenon in the layer can attract spring water out again! Hence the "shy" phenomenon.

Ganquan - a famous spring that warns the world

In the early Tang Dynasty, Wang Bo, known as one of the four literary heroes, had the following two sentences in his famous article "Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng": The previous sentence says that after people drink the water from the greedy spring, they will develop greedy thoughts and lose their integrity.

This Greedy Spring does have its origin. It is located in Shimen, about 15 kilometers northwest of Guangzhou. This place is a must-pass for ancient roads entering and exiting Guangzhou. It is surrounded by water and mountains, and the scenery is beautiful. Pedestrians come here to stop and rest. It is a good place known far and wide. There is a well beside the road. The water is delicious and attracts many people passing by to scoop up a bowl to quench their thirst. Everyone feels cool and refreshing, so it is famous far and near. Among the many travelers, there are many officials from the frontiers who have gone to Guangzhou to take up posts in the past dynasties. Whenever they come here, they also have to dismount their horses and sedans, rest for a while under the trees by the well, and drink a glass of well water before going on their way. But the local people saw these officials in their eyes and took them to heart. Among officials, nine out of ten, after arriving in Guangzhou or other places, in less than a few years, they have transformed from having a comfortable life into a wealthy corrupt official, and everyone hates them with gnashing of teeth. In order to remind the newly appointed officials to maintain their integrity and do more practical things for the people, the local people erected a stone tablet next to the well with the words "Corruption Spring" written on it, which became a famous spring for warning the world.

During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Wu Yinzhi, the newly appointed governor of Guangzhou, passed by this place and heard about the origin of the "Grean Spring". He was so moved that he drank three cups in a row, and then wrote a poem on the stele:

The ancients said that if you drink this water, you will have a fortune.

Even if the officials and barbarians drink together, they will never change their minds.

After he took office, he always remembered the advice of the Shimen villagers, kept himself clean and upright, and won the reputation of an upright official and was supported by all the people.

With the passage of time, the original stone tablet has experienced thousands of years of wind and rain erosion and peeling, and by the Ming Dynasty, it had disappeared. But the villagers' kindness in warning officials has not disappeared. In the twenty-fourth year of Wanli (1596), Wu Governor's "Poem of Greedy Spring" was re-engraved and moved to the Wanghai Tower in Yuexiu Park for more officials to see and take advantage of this moment. Be wary of yourself and learn from Wu Yinzhi.

Good luck!!!