Ulanqab has five major advantages in producing Chinese potatoes: First, it has unique natural conditions. Ulanqab City is located on the Inner Mongolia Plateau. The potato production area is 1,300 to 1,500 meters above sea level. It has a cool climate. The average temperature in July and August during the potato-bearing period is 17 to 21°C. The temperature difference between day and night is large. The soil type is chestnut soil. It is mostly sandy and has loose soil, which is very suitable for potato growth. The city's precipitation is mostly concentrated in June, July and August, accounting for about 70% of the annual precipitation. It is also the period when potato growth requires the greatest water. Rain and heat occur in the same season, which is extremely beneficial to potato growth and development. In addition, the high altitude and dry air are not only conducive to potato tuber enlargement and dry matter accumulation, but also reduce the frequency of potato late blight and reduce the number of virus-carrying aphids. At the same time, the potato farming area in our city is relatively flat and has superior production conditions for mechanized operations. Second, it has obvious scale advantages. The city's potato planting area has been stable at around 4 million acres for many years, with an annual output of 4-4.5 million tons. The planting area and total output rank first in the country at the regional level, accounting for more than 40% of the autonomous region's potato output. The seed potato production area reaches 500,000 acres. , of which the first-generation production area reaches 50,000 acres, and the special potato processing base reaches 1 million acres. In addition, the cost of land, labor, and electricity for large-scale potato cultivation is low, and the input-output benefits are obvious. Third, there is strong scientific research support. Our city has been involved in potato research and seed potato production for a long time, and has accumulated rich experience in long-term production practice. It has made great progress in potato genetic breeding, special variety selection, pest control, and potato model cultivation technology research. , some research projects and technological achievements are at the leading level domestically and internationally. The country's first original potato seed farm, the first original potato seed production network room, and the first virus-free seed potato tissue culture room were built in Ulanqab; the results of "Research on the Application of Potato Seedlings in Production" Won the National Science Conference Award in 1978; "Potato Virus-free Seed Potato Production Experiment" won the first prize of the Science and Technology Progress Award of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980; "Potato Virus Serum Identification" and "Potato Seed Hybridization and Utilization" won the third prize of the Autonomous Region Science and Technology Progress Award award. Ulanqab Institute of Agricultural Science participated in the potato national science and technology research projects of the "Sixth Five-Year Plan", "Seventh Five-Year Plan" and "Eighth Five-Year Plan", and hosted or participated in the cooperation with the International Potato Center from 1986 to 2000 Research projects have bred more than 10 excellent varieties such as "Mengshu No. 10" and "Mengshu No. 11". Ulanqab Vocational and Technical College has been approved by the Ministry of Education to open the "Potato Production and Processing Department". It officially opened enrollment in the fall of 2008, making it the first potato production and processing major among colleges and universities in the country. Fourth, it has superior location and transportation. Ulanqab City is located at the junction of the Bohai Rim, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, and Hohhot-Baotou economic circles. It is an important transportation hub connecting the three major economic zones of Northeast, North China, and Northwest China, and an international gateway to Mongolia, Russia, and Europe. It is connected to the land port of Erenhot City in the north and borders Mongolia; in the east it is connected with Zhangjiakou and Beijing-Tianjin regions in Hebei Province; in the south it is adjacent to the "coal capital" Datong City; in the west it is bordered by the capital Hohhot City. There are two national highways, two expressways, one inter-provincial thoroughfare and seven railways in the territory. The roads and railways are crisscrossed and extend in all directions. Ulanqab City is 336 kilometers away from Beijing, 100 kilometers away from Datong, 130 kilometers away from Hohhot, and 280 kilometers away from Baotou. Erenhot is 340 kilometers away. The superior location and transportation provide fast and convenient conditions for the potato transportation and marketing terminal market. At the same time, after construction and development in recent years, the wholesale market of the origin has a reasonable layout and the rapid development of modern logistics has made our city's potato products have a leading position in the country. greater market advantage. Five has extremely competitive brands. After 2008, our city registered the potato "Tumusu" (Mongolian: meaning potato) origin mark and the "Chelechuan" trademark with the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, enriching Ulanqab City's potato cultural brand. In 2011, the Ulanqab potato geographical indication certification trademark was successfully registered with the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, further expanding the influence of China's potato capital and improving the competitiveness of Ulanqab potatoes in the domestic and international markets.

In recent years, Ulanqab has mainly taken the following measures to develop the potato industry:

(1) Strengthen organizational guidance and promote industrial scale development.

Our city regards the potato industry as the leading industry that promotes the economic development of rural and pastoral areas and enables farmers to get rid of poverty and become prosperous. It includes promoting the development of the potato industry into the performance evaluation scope of party and government leadership groups and leading cadres at all levels, and effectively strengthens the supervision of industrial development. organizational leadership. In order to achieve large-scale and rational development of the industry, our city has carried out unified planning for the potato industry belt and implemented regional layout, specialized production and intensive management. In 2010, the municipal government proposed and implemented the Double Million Potato Project, that is, developing 1 million acres of water-saving irrigation and developing 1 million acres of dry-farming film-covered potatoes. In order to promote large-scale planting, all parts of the city actively encourage the standardized transfer of rural land, and guide farmers to jointly operate in the form of joint-stock cooperation or to participate in joint-stock operations with large planting households and enterprises. Currently, the city's rural land transfer area reaches 2.13 million acres, accounting for 20% of the total cultivated land. 21. Planting potatoes over 80 years old not only creates conditions for large-scale planting and expands the scale of the base, but also facilitates mechanized operations, inhibits seed degradation, enables precise planting, precise irrigation, and precise fertilization, and promotes an overall improvement in planting levels. In terms of organizational guidance, the city has also stepped up efforts to demonstrate standardized potato planting. Currently, the city has built 11 potato demonstration gardens with an area of ??21,000 acres. This year, it has built 200,000 acres of high-quality potato demonstration fields. In order to ensure the efficiency of potato planting bases, the city selects 500 scientific and technological personnel every year to form a potato science and technology service group, which goes into villages and households to promote various high-yielding and efficient potato planting technologies, from land preparation, sowing, fertilizing, watering to field management. Tracking Services.

(2) Increase investment to ensure the smooth development of the industry. In recent years, under the circumstances of very difficult financial resources, our city has continuously increased subsidies for facility agriculture, expanded the scope of subsidies, effectively exerted the supporting and guiding role of various national subsidies and local financial funds, and promoted improved potato varieties and methods, especially water-saving facilities. of rapid development. Subsidies for improved seeds in the main potato producing areas of the autonomous region have been implemented in our city for 8 consecutive years, with a cumulative implementation area of ??470,000 acres. In 2009, the state introduced potato original seed subsidies, and our city has borne a total of 409,500 acres. The State Council's "On Further Promoting Inner Mongolia's Economic and Social Development" "Several Opinions on Rapid Development", and potatoes were included in the scope of subsidies for breeding improved varieties, and these subsidies were paid to bases and farmers in a timely manner. We conscientiously implement the national agricultural machinery subsidy policy and actively strive for and raise about 400 million yuan in funds every year to subsidize water-saving agriculture. The main subsidy policies are: half subsidy for the purchase of large and medium-sized sprinkler irrigation machines, and 200 yuan per mu for hose micro-sprinklers. Dry farming mulching provides a subsidy of 20 yuan per mu; since 2009, the municipal party committee and government have increased support for potato drip irrigation, and have heavily subsidized the promotion of drip irrigation under mulch. The municipal finance subsidy is 200 yuan per mu, and the banner county finance subsidy is 200 yuan per mu. The subsidy is 200 yuan, and the agricultural machinery subsidy is 234 yuan per mu. In response to the difficulties and problems in the potato market last year, including low prices, poor sales, insufficient warehousing, and slow processing and acquisition, the municipal government provided 430 million yuan to support 13 processing companies as working capital to ensure that the companies were producing at full capacity and digesting potatoes to the maximum extent. The city government provided a subsidy of 5.5 million yuan to build a simple storage cellar.

(3) Give full play to the boosting role of science and technology and actively explore high-efficiency water-saving models. Driven by the creation of high-yield potatoes and the construction of demonstration parks, our city has introduced and vigorously promoted advanced planting technologies, such as improved varieties, high-ridge cultivation, rational dense planting, formula fertilization, water and fertilizer integration, liquid fertilizer application, comprehensive pest and disease prevention, and full-process mechanized operations. Agricultural machinery and agronomic measures can be promoted and applied on a large scale. In response to the severe drought and water shortage in Ulanqab, in order to maximize the use of existing groundwater resources, we have actively transformed the agricultural development model since 2009. On the premise of comprehensively integrating various advanced agricultural machinery and agronomic measures, The city has promoted the more water-saving drip irrigation under film on a large scale. In 2009, more than 70,000 acres were tested and demonstrated in the city. In 2010, it reached 334,000 acres. In 2011, it reached 500,000 acres. In 2012, an additional 460,000 acres were added. Drip irrigation under film The potato yield per unit area reaches about 2,500 kilograms, which is about 1,000 kilograms more than ordinary water-field cultivation.

Drip irrigation cultivation has the following major benefits: First, the water saving effect is significant. Traditional flood irrigation cultivation of potatoes consumes 300-400 tons of water per acre, while drip irrigation under mulch only consumes 80-110 tons of water per acre. The ratio of drip irrigation under mulch to 1.35 million acres is Flood irrigation saves about 20 million tons of water, which is equivalent to building 30 new small reservoirs. Second, the fertilizer saving effect is remarkable. Drip irrigation under the film can increase the effective utilization rate of fertilizer from the past 30-40% to 60-70%. Traditional flood irrigation planting potatoes requires 150-200 kg of fertilizer per acre, while drip irrigation under the film only requires 60-100 kg per acre. The ratio of drip irrigation Flood irrigation saves 80 yuan per mu. The third is to save energy and reduce consumption. Drip irrigation under the film consumes 15 kilowatt-hours of electricity per mu, while flood irrigation consumes 65 kilowatt-hours per mu. Drip irrigation saves 28 yuan/mu in electricity costs compared with flood irrigation. Fourth, the investment cost is low. Compared with flood irrigation, drip irrigation saves 5 labors per mu, which effectively reduces the labor intensity of farmers and saves labor expenses. Practice has proven that the promotion of drip irrigation under film has prevented severe drought, promoted farmers' income increase and the transformation of agricultural development methods. It is an inevitable choice for the development of water-saving agriculture in arid and water-scarce areas, and a revolutionary measure to adapt to the weather and resist natural disasters.

(4) Vigorously implement seed projects and accelerate the construction of improved seed breeding systems. To promote agriculture through science and technology, improve seeds first. Our city starts from the source of improved potato varieties, pays close attention to the construction of improved variety breeding system, and improves the level of development. At present, the city's virus-free potato tissue culture room covers an area of ??20,900 square meters, which can produce 120 million virus-free seedlings. The net room is 2,800 acres, and it can produce 450 million virus-free mini potatoes, 100,000 tons of original seeds, and 1 million tons of qualified seed potatoes. The breeding of improved potato varieties has formed a complete system from stem tip detoxification, tissue culture rapid propagation, greenhouse mini-tuber production to first- and second-generation breeding of original seeds. Inner Mongolia Jiaheng Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. is an ecological agricultural high-tech enterprise integrating the development, warehousing, sales and preservation processing of virus-free potato seed potatoes and commercial potato varieties. It plans to build 200,000 acres of virus-free seed potato variety demonstration by 2016. base, occupying 10% of the national market share. Minfeng Potato Industry Co., Ltd. has been rated as a national leading enterprise in agricultural industrialization. It currently has a 10,000-square-meter potato virus-free seedling tissue culture room, a 500-square-meter virus-free R&D center, a 2,200-square-meter processing R&D center, an 8-acre smart greenhouse, and 30 acres of solar greenhouses, 350 acres of insect-proof net rooms, 60,000 acres of original seed production fields, and 70,000 tons of potato seed storage warehouses. In 2012, it can produce 200 million miniature original seed potatoes and 50,000 tons of original seeds. Created for our city The foundation was laid for the country's largest seed potato breeding base.

(5) Strengthen industrial supporting facilities and actively promote the construction of industrial systems. The potential for efficiency improvement in agriculture and animal husbandry lies in industrialization, and the key link in industrialization efficiency improvement lies in processing and transformation. Our city insists on planning the development of the potato industry based on industrialization ideas, adopts the development model of company + farmer, company + base, breaks the boundaries of regions and industries, and concentrates capital, technology, land and other production factors into leading enterprises. In the past few years, we have supported and cultivated a number of key potato processing enterprises such as Fuguang Company, Nailun Starch Company, Bocang Potato Industry, Zhuozilong's, and Shangdu Taimei. Among them, Fuguang Company is the largest potato flour production enterprise in Asia. , with an annual output of 12,000 tons of potato flour; Long's company has the annual production capacity of 20,000 tons of refined starch and more than 1,400 tons of potato protein, which fills the domestic processing gap; Nailun Company is the largest potato starch processing enterprise in China , with an annual production capacity of 80,000 tons of refined starch and 40,000 tons of modified starch. . In accordance with the requirements of large-scale production, large-scale circulation, and integration, our city continues to strengthen circulation services, information services, and intermediary services, and strives to support and develop potato production, processing, and marketing associations. Currently, 28 potato marketing associations have been established in the city. More than 280 people. According to incomplete statistics, about 300,000-500,000 tons of high-quality seed potatoes are transferred from our city to Shandong, Henan, Hebei, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Ningxia and other provinces and regions every year; about 1.6-1.8 million tons of high-quality commercial potatoes are transferred to Beijing, Shanghai, Guangdong, Hainan and other places, and exported to Russia, South Korea, Malaysia, Singapore and other countries. Every year, it also provides processing for Shanghai Pepsi (China) Food Co., Ltd., Beijing Simplot Potato Food Company, Shanghaojia Food Company and other enterprises. Special potatoes.

In order to effectively solve the problem of fresh potato storage, our city has made full use of local farmers' self-built storage kilns, and government departments have done a lot of support and guidance. With enterprises as the main body, we have successively built modern storage facilities equipped with the world's advanced control equipment. The storage capacity of 8 warehouses reaches more than 600,000 tons, and there are 2,700 storage cellars with a storage capacity of more than 200 tons. The construction and further improvement of storage facilities have achieved orderly potato sales in the peak season and not slack in the off-season, ensuring balanced potato sales throughout the year.

(6) Strengthen the construction of brand culture and enhance industrial influence. Our city successfully held two Potato Culture Festivals in 2008 and 2010. In February 2009, a high-level forum on potato industry development was held in Beijing, inviting relevant leaders from the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Science and Technology and other ministries and commissions, as well as representatives from the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Relevant experts and scholars have provided suggestions and suggestions for building China's potato capital. The Potato Culture Festival integrates technical seminars, seed potato ordering, marketing, and brand promotion. Through this platform, it not only displays various potato-related products and achievements in building China's potato capital, but also actively learns from successful domestic and foreign experiences. We have also promoted our scientific research results, development models, and development concepts to the whole country, enhancing the influence of our city's potato industry.