"TM" is commonly seen in foreign trademarks. It is the abbreviation of the English "trade mark". The Chinese meaning of "trade mark" is "commercial mark", so "TM" means "trademark". It Its function is to tell people that the graphics or words marked on it are the trademarks of the goods or services, not the names or advertisements. "R" is the abbreviation of "register" in English. The Chinese meaning of "register" is "registration." When goods or services are marked with this mark, it tells people that the graphics or words marked on it are not only trademarks, but also registered trademarks. It is protected by national laws and cannot be used by any other individual or organization without authorization.